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Deaf Native Americans

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Title: Deaf Native Americans


1
  • Deaf Native Americans

2
Organizational Structure
  • Information has been divided into three Native
    American affiliations
  • The Intertribal Deaf Council,
  • The Circle of Unity, and
  • In Their Own Words
  • Several individuals are involved in more than one
    affiliation
  • They will be listed under their primary
    affiliations
  • Their other affiliations will be listed

3
Intertribal Deaf Council
  • Originating in Oklahoma City in 1994, the
    Intertribal Deaf Council was formed to serve the
    needs of deaf, blind-deaf, hard of hearing, and
    late-deafened Native Americans.
  • IDC provides information about their heritage,
    traditions, and cultural issues as well as
    serving as a support group and advocate for Deaf
    Native American rights. Many of these deaf
    individuals experience poor services and
    frequent isolation in the work force. There has
    been growing recognition of the lack of pride
    felt by young Native Americans.
  • IDC warmly welcomes members who are non-deaf and
    non-Native American that share the organizations
    vision to attend meetings and assist the
    organization in their accomplishing their goals.
  • IDCs Homepage

Picture Citation
4
Jerry Hassell, co-founder of IDC
  • -Born in Oklahoma City, Jerry attended the
    Oklahoma and Texas schools for the Deaf
    graduating from Texas in 1946, and from Gallaudet
    University in 1951 with his BA in education. He
    received his MA from the University of Texas in
    1959. Jerry Hassell passed away on May 1st, 2007.
  • -Mentored by, and with the help of Walter Kelley
    and Tony McGregor, Jerry was encouraged to start
    a national organization dealing with Native
    American affairs. Together in 1993 they began
    their mission and the National Association of the
    Native American Deaf in Oklahoma City was founded
    in 1994. This was later renamed the Intertribal
    Deaf Council.
  • -Jerry was not always proud of his heritage and
    fell into the stereotypical image of Native
    Americans in the 1930s. Upon meeting his
    relatives Jerry was intrigued by his ancestry and
    became deeply involved in Native American issues
    and an advocate their rights.
  • -Throughout his 30 years of teaching at the
    Texas School for the Deaf he has received 27
    awards for his contribution to services provided
    to deaf and hard of hearing individuals.
  • For more information on Jerry Hassell and his
    accomplishments see
  • Bio of Jerry Hassell

5
Elder Walter P. Kelley, Ph.D,
co-founder of IDC
Picture Citation
  • Dr. Walter Paul Kelly, co-founder of IDC, is
    highly regarded as an expert on Deaf Native
    Americans, their culture and language. He is
    himself Pamunkey/Chickahominy.
  • Dr. Kelly is known for his presence at various
    nationwide conferences and conventions, and his
    presentations on a variety of Deaf Native
    Americans culture and issues. Not only is he a
    well-known presenter but a well-known author of
    childrens books.
  • After waiting five years for his first book
    Victory Week, a child friendly version of Deaf
    President Now, Dr. Kelley and Tony McGregor
    decided to found a publishing company of their
    own BuTo Publishers. Dr. Kelleys second book
    (illustrated by Tony), Deaf Culture A to Z is the
    publisher.
  • BuTo focuses on publishing childrens picture
    books but plans to expand their scope to include
    books about people with hearing loss and
    disabilities.
  • For more information on Dr. Kelly see
  • BuTo and Biography of Walter Kelly

6
Elder (IDC) Onalee Cooper
Picture Citation
  • Elder Onalee Cooper was born to Tuscarora Chief
    Clinton Rickard and raised on the Tuscarora
    Reservation. As a deaf child she attended the
    Rochester School for the Deaf. Onalee has spent
    her life preserving the traditions of the
    Tuscarora history and traditions and enjoys
    giving workshops and presentations on her tribe
    in New York.

7
Elder LeRoy EagleBear
Picture Citation
  • LeRoy EagleBear was personally affected by the
    IDC before joining. LeRoy struggled with his
    identity growing up as a deaf child on and off
    the reservation. While at the residential school,
    he appreciated the education he was receiving and
    yet yearned for the celebrations and rituals he
    was only able to partake in while on breaks, a
    common problem for deaf Native American children.
  • Years after graduating LeRoy began attending IDC
    meetings, where he readily took advantage of the
    opportunity to understand and embrace his
    heritage that he missed while being away at the
    residential school. LeRoy became a member by
    accepting the invitation to join the Board of IDC
    for two years and has worked closely with them
    ever since, currently working as a chairperson.

8
Tina Terrance, MohawkEastern RegionRepresentati
ve
Picture Citation
  • Born in 1960, Tina has lived on the Akwesasne
    Mohawk Reservation in Malone, New York all her
    life.
  • Growing up in New York, Tina took advantage of
    the opportunity to be an active member in the
    deaf community which lead to her current position
    as President of the Northern New York Association
    of the Deaf.
  • Other activities that are of interest to her and
    hence actively involved in are sewing, bowling,
    and of course, her family. She has been married
    for 25 years and in 2005 Tina was blessed to
    become a grandmother.
  • Tina has been someone who is proud of her
    heritage. She has been a role model to her
    children and now, her grandchild.
  • She takes pride in her eleven years of service
    to the IDC, and three years serving as treasurer.

9
Circle of Unity
  • The Circle of Unity is a publication designed to
    improve rehabilitation services to American
    Indians and Alaskan Natives who are Deaf,
    Deaf-Blind, and Hard of Hearing.
  • Six expert volunteers from the fields of
    counseling, vocational rehabilitation, and
    cultural awareness used their expertise and
    experience to discuss various social expectations
    Deaf Native Americans face on a daily basis.
  • Their commitment and desire motivated them to
    contribute to this project in order to improve
    rehabilitation services offered to American
    Indians and Alaskan Natives by educating
    rehabilitation counselors about their culture.
  • The following individuals are part of the Circle
    of Unity writing team some are also involved in
    the IDC.

10
Damara Goff Paris, President of IDC
  • Damara Paris is of Cherokee/ Blackfoot decent.
  • She is not only a part of the writing team for
  • Circle of Unity, but also participated as
    co-editor
  • on Step Into the Circle.
  • She has published six books since 1997 and owns
    her own publishing company, AGO Publications.
  • Paris received her MA in Rehabilitation
    Counseling and graduated in 1994 from Western
    Oregon University.
  • She then managed a community based
    rehabilitation center for the Deaf in Salem,
    Oregon.
  • Currently, Paris also is President of the IDC.
  • For more information see
  • Circle of Unity

Picture Citation
11
Judy C. Stout
Picture Citation
  • Judy Stout is a Native American of the Lumbee
    tribe.
  • She is deeply involved in politics which she
    believes is essential in achieving greater
    opportunities and recognition for the deaf and
    hard of hearing. Consequently she has
    participated in a variety of campaigns including
    the Kerry/Edwards campaign serving as National
    co-chair for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing
    Steering committee.
  • She is also the current president and founder of
    the Maryland Deaf and Hard of Hearing Democratic
    Club. Judy invests a major part of her time in
    the deaf community working as a full time family
    educator for the Laurent Clerc Center, and
    part-time at Gallaudet teaching political
    leadership. She also offers political leadership
    training in the community.
  • For more information on Judy Stout see
  • Native American History Month, and Circle of
    Unity

12
Dr. Howard Busby, Ph.D
Picture Citation
  • Dr. Howard Busby (Mississippi Choctaw/Eastern
    Cherokee) has participated in a variety events
    and activities for Deaf Native Americans. Not
    only was he on the writing team for Circle of
    Unity but he is also a board member of IDC.
    Through IDC he served as a media evaluator for
    the Captioned Media Program (CMP) screening and
    evaluating commercially produced video tapes
    involving Native Americans.
  • Dr. Busby has worked with residential schools
    for the deaf across the country providing
    academic and vocational education to deaf
    students.
  • Currently, Dr. Busby is researching educational
    experiences of Native Americans at Gallaudet
    University as a professor in the Counseling
    Department.
  • For more information on Dr. Howard Busby see
  • Circle of Unity

13
Alan Cartwright
Picture Citation
  • Alan Cartwright currently serves as the director
    for The Arc of Anchorage Deaf and Hard of Hearing
    Center. DHHC provides a variety of rehabilitation
    services focused on assisting Alaskans who are
    Deaf and Hard of Hearing in becoming more
    independent.
  • Mr. Cartwright previously served as a volunteer
    in the Peace Corps, working with deaf people in
    Nepal (1987-1989), Singapore (1990), and Ecuador
    (1991-1993).
  • His experiences led him to become the cofounder
    and director of the Global Deaf Connection.
    Developed in 1998, GCDs vision is to support
    Deaf people around the world in using their
    native sign, especially for teaching deaf
    children. This will allow the children to
    achieve success in academics, employment, and to
    make contributions to their deaf community.
  • For more information on Alan Cartwright see
  • GDC and Circle of Unity

14
Linda Carroll, Deaf Interpreter
  • Linda Carroll (Eastern Band Cherokee-Wolf Clan)
    served on the Circle of Unity writing teams and
    maintains an interest in improving the quality of
    interpreting services for the Deaf, Dead-Blind,
    and Hard of Hearing.
  • Being Deaf herself, Linda has acquired her
    Interpreting Certificate from RID as a Deaf
    Interpreter.
  • She was also the first woman to be president of
    IDC serving from 1998-2001.

Picture Citation
15
In Their Own Words Researching Stories About
the Lives of Deaf People of Color
  • Authored by Glenn Anderson and Katrina Miller,
    In Their Own Words focuses on the lives and
    experiences of individuals who identify
    themselves as deaf people of color, including
    professional interpreters. Information for this
    book was taken from biographies found in various
    resources published in the United States in 1988
    or after. The publication is centered around four
    themes
  • - overcoming educational obstacles,
  • - stories about personal role models that
    influenced their
  • lives,
  • - family experiences, and
  • - experiences relating to cultural conflicts
    including prejudice
  • and discrimination.
  • The following stories are summaries of people
    featured in In Their Own Words

16
Karen Billie Johnson
  • Karen Johnson began her life as a Dine Navajo
    deaf infant but experienced a variety of cultural
    conflicts between the Deaf Culture and Native
    American culture.
  • She first experienced cultural differences when
    she was sent to the New Mexico School for the
    Deaf at age 6
  • She experienced running water and electricity for
    the first time.
  • She began learning ASL and found out how
    important pointing was to set up objects or
    people in conversation.
  • However, when she returned home she quickly
    discovered that pointing was considered to be
    an insult in the Navajo culture.
  • Johnson was forced to learn how to adjust her
    behaviors when at home and at school.
  • As an adult, her passion is to work as a
    teachers aid with American Indians who are deaf
    in the Navajo nation. From her experiences
    Johnson sees the need for schools and communities
    to work together in order to understand what
    makes a culture and how to appreciate its
    values.

17
Jonathan Hopkins one of the three Native
American interpreters in the country.
Picture Citation
- At age 12, Jonathan Hopkins met a young deaf
girl while at a summer camp who taught him
fingerspelling and introduced him to other deaf
campers he has been fluent ever since. -
Hopkins is a Tlingit Indian raised by white
parents in Maine, making him very comfortable
with ethnic cultures. As a result he primarily
interprets for deaf students who are ethnic
minorities at Rochester Institute of Technology,
and is usually their first choice when choosing
interpreters. - Off campus Hopkins also
interprets for sports games, Native American
events, on stage at Eastman Theatre, as well as
other music venues. - Hopkins has also organized
a committee to help draw more Native Americans to
RIT and founded in Intertribal Deaf Association.
For more information see RIT and Fluent Fingers

18
Resources
  • Intertribal Deaf Council
  • http//www.deafnative.com/
  • Circle of Unity http//www.uark.edu/depts/rehabres
    /AmIndian/AImain.htm
  • Glenn B. Anderson, Katrina R. Miller. In Their
    Own Words Researching Stories About the Lives of
    Deaf People of Color. Multicultural
    Perspectives, 2004, Vol. 6, No. 2, Pages 28-33
  • Rochester Institute of technology
    http//www.democratandchronicle.com/homes/communit
    y/rit/stories16.shtml

19
Additional Deaf Native American websites
  • For Deaf Native American Children
  • http//storystones.com/
  • Deaf Native American Reading List
  • http//www.uark.edu/depts/rehabres/mcnai.html
  • Native American Sign Language
  • http//www.inquiry.net/outdoor/native/sign/
  • Walter Kelly http//www.buto.biz/kelley.html

20
A special thanks to
  • Damara Paris, President of the Intertribal Deaf
    Council and Judy Stout, Vice President for
    supporting this project and for sharing your
    passion for Deaf Native Americans.
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