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Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs

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Title: Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs


1
Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs
  • Sarah Thorson, BSW
  • Minnesota Children with
  • Special Health Needs
  • 11/18/2004

2
Who Are The Children?
  • Children (from birth to age 21) who have, or are
    at increased risk for, a chronic physical,
    developmental, behavioral, or emotional condition
    and who also require health and related services
    of a type or amount beyond that required by
    children generally.

3
Prevalence
  • 160,946 (lt18yrs) in Minnesota (12.4)
  • Estimated 198,927lt21yrs
  • 1 in 5 families with children has a child with
    special health care needs (147,551 families)
  • CYSHCN are more likely to be male (56.3 v.
    43.7)
  • Varies by race and ethnicity (national) highest
    in Native American and mixed race children.
    Significantly lower in Asian children

Source National Survey of CSHCN 2001
4
Prevalence By Age in MN ()
Source MN Data National Survey of CSHCN 2001
5
Type of Special Health Care Need
  • Ongoing need for prescription medications
    (123,000)
  • Increased need for medical care, mental health
    care or educational services (81,000)
  • Emotional, developmental or behavioral needs
    (47,000)

Source MN Data National Survey of CSHCN 2001
6
Type of Special Health Care Need
  • Functional limitation that prevents them from
    doing things most other children their age are
    able to do. (29,000)
  • Need specialized therapy, such as physical,
    occupational or speech therapy. (24,000)

Source MN Data National Survey of CSHCN 2001
7
Categories of Special Health Care Needs
  • Physical disabilities
  • Sensory impairments
  • Developmental disabilities
  • Chronic illnesses
  • Mental health disorders

8
Impact
  • Impact on the Child
  • Service Use / Needs
  • Impact on the Family

9
Child
  • How often do childrens special needs impact
    their daily lives?
  • 18.6 the condition usually or always affects
    ability to do things other children their age do.
  • To what extent?
  • A great deal (17.5)
  • To some extent (50.2)
  • How severe are the health conditions?
  • Mild (33.8)
  • Moderate (51)
  • Severe (15.2)

Source MN Data National CSHCN Survey
10
Mental Health Service Needs
  • Mental health care (29.3)
  • Substance abuse treatment (4.1 8-17y.o.)

Source MN Data National Survey of CSHCN 2001
11
Unmet Service Needs
  • 22,700 children have at least one unmet service
    need (14.1)
  • Highest percentage of unmet needs in the five
    state area
  • Lower than national average (17.7)
  • Mental health care (13.6)
  • Substance abuse treatment (9.8)

MN Data National Survey of CSHCN
12
Unmet Service Needs
  • Only 40 of children with disabilities with poor
    psycho-social adjustment received treatment
  • 70-80 received that care in school settings.

Source 1994-95 National Health Interview Survey
Disability Supplement
13
Health is more than not being sick. Health is a
resource for everyday life the ability to
realize hopes, satisfy needs, change or cope with
life experiences, and participate fully in
society. Health has physical, mental, social and
spiritual dimensions.
14
CYSHCN Social Isolation
  • More likely to be dissatisfied with their
    personal lives than their same aged peers. (29.1
    v. 17.1).
  • More likely to believe their friends dont care
    about them to any great extent. (16.5 v. 9.1).
  • Nationally, 40 of people with severe
    disabilities are not at all involved with their
    communities.

Source MN Student Survey 2001
National Organization on Disabilities, 2000
15
CYSHCN Victimization
  • More likely than their same aged peers to be
    victims of school violence
  • Twice as likely to skip school because they feel
    threatened
  • More likely to have carried a weapon at school

16
(No Transcript)
17
CYSHCN Victimization
  • Preliminary data suggests that 40 of
    substantiated cases of maltreatment (by adults)
    in school involve students receiving special
    education services
  • At three times the risk of non-familial sexual
    abuse than their healthy peers

Source MN Dept of Education, 2004
MN Student Survey 2001
18
CYSHCN Depression
  • 35 of children and adolescents with disabilities
    age 4 to 17 years are reported to be unhappy, sad
    or depressed (national data).
  • Rural children and poor children at even higher
    risk
  • 48 of the CYSHCN had thought about suicide
    compared to 26 of peers without special needs
    (MN).

Source National Health Interview Survey 2001
MN Student Survey 2001
19
CYSHCN Suicide attempts
  • 20 of CYSHCN attempted suicide compared to 7 of
    their peers.
  • 27 of non-white CYSHCN had attempted suicide
    compared to 10 of non-white students without
    special health needs.

Source MN Student Survey 2001
20
Victims of Physical Violence at Home
Source MN Student Survey 2001
21
National Agenda for CYSHCN
  • Provide and promote family-centered,
    community-based, coordinated care for children
    with special health care needs and to facilitate
    the development of community-based systems of
    services for such children and their families.
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