The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets

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The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets

• Chapter 7
• Roger Clery
• Roosevelt University

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Usage of the Internet

• Top Sites

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What do people use on Internet
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History WWW

• 1945
• Vannevar Bush writes an article in Atlantic
  Monthly about a photo-electrical-mechanical
  device called a Memex, for memory extension,
  which could make and follow links between
  documents on microfiche

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History WWW

• 1960s
• Doug Engelbart prototypes an "oNLine System"
  (NLS) which does hypertext browsing editing,
  email, and so on. He invents the mouse for this
  purpose. See the Bootstrap Institute library.
• Ted Nelson coins the word Hypertext in A File
  Structure for the Complex, the Changing, and the
  Indeterminate. 20th National Conference, New
  York, Association for Computing Machinery, 1965.
  See also Literary Machines, a hypertext
  bibliography.
• Andy van Dam and others build the Hypertext
  Editing System and FRESS in 1967.

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History WWW

• 1980
• While consulting for CERN June-December of 1980,
  Tim Berners-Lee writes a notebook program,
  "Enquire-Within-Upon-Everything", which allows
  links to be made betwen arbitrary nodes. Each
  node had a title, a type, and a list of
  bidirectional typed links. "ENQUIRE" ran on Norsk
  Data machines under SINTRAN-III. See Enquire
  user manual as scanned images or as HTML
  page(alt).

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History

• 1989
• March
• "Information Management A Proposal" written by
  Tim BL and circulated for comments at CERN (TBL).
  Paper "HyperText and CERN" produced as background
  (text or WriteNow format).

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Principles and Learning Objectives

• The Internet is like many other technologiesit
  provides a wide range of services, some of which
  are effective and practical for use today, others
  are still evolving, and still others will fade
  away from lack of use.
• Briefly describe how the Internet works,
  including alternatives for connecting to it and
  the role of Internet service providers.
• Identify and briefly describe the services
  associated with the Internet.

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Principles and Learning Objectives

• Originally developed as a document-management
  system, the World Wide Web is a menu-based system
  that is easy to use for personal and business
  applications.
• Describe the World Wide Web and how it works.
• Explain the use of Web browsers, search engines,
  and other Web tools.

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Principles and Learning Objectives

• Before the Internet and the World Wide Web become
  universally used and accepted for business use,
  management issues service and speed issues and
  fraud, security, and unauthorized Internet sites
  must be addressed and solved.
• Identify who is using the Web to conduct business
  and discuss some of the pros and cons of Web
  shopping.
• Outline a process for creating Web content.
• Describe Java and discuss its potential impact on
  the software world.
• Define the terms intranet and extranet and
  discuss how organizations are using them.
• Identify several issues associated with the use
  of networks.

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Use and Functioning of the Internet
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Use and Functioning of the Internet

• ARPANET
• Internet Protocol (IP)
• Wireless Internet
• Research for a faster Internet
• Internet2 (I2)
• Next Generation Internet (NGI)
• Corporate efforts

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Routing Messages Over the Internet
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U.S. Internet Usage
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How the Internet Works

• Hosts
• Routers forward packets to other networks
• Internet Protocol Stack (TCP/IP)
• Internet Protocol (IP)
• Transport Control Protocol (TCP)
• Backbones

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Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

• http//www.course.com

World Wide Web
Domain category
Hypertext transfer protocol
Host Network Name
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U.S. Top Level Domain Affiliations
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Accessing the Internet

• Connection via a LAN server
• Network adapter card
• Open Datalink Interface (ODI)
• Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS)

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Accessing the Internet
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

• Provide Internet access to account holders
• Monthly fee varies
• Some are free

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Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
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Internet Services
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Internet Services
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Internet Services
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E-mail and Instant Messaging
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ICQ
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Usenet Newsgroups
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Internet Phone and Videoconferencing Services
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Other Internet Services
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The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web

• Menu-based system that uses client/server model
• Hypermedia
• HTML, XML
• Web browsers
• Java
• Search engines
• Keyword indexes fast broad
• Subject indexes focused searches

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Interesting Web Sites
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Hypertext Markup Language
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Google
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Popular Search Engines
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Java
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Java
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CVS.com
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Intranets and Extranets
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Intranet

• Internal corporate network built using Internet
  and World Wide Web standards and products
• Slashes the need for paper
• Provides employees with an easy and intuitive
  approach to access information that was
  previously difficult to obtain

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Intranet
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Extranet

• A network that links selected resources of the
  intranet of a company with its customers,
  suppliers, or other business partners.

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Internet, Intranet, and Extranet Users
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Virtual Private Network
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Developing Web Content

• Computer must be linked to a Web server
• Need Web browser program
• Add links to home page
• Advertise
• Tools
• Word processors
• HTML editor
• HTML template
• Text editor

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Push Technology

• Used to send information automatically over the
  Internet
• Relies on HTTP or Java technology
• Drawbacks include
• Information overload
• Volume of data broadcast

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Business Uses of the Web

• E-mail
• Linking buyers and sellers
• Tool for marketing, sales, and customer support
• Low-cost alternative to fax or express mail

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Net Issues

• Management issues
• Service and speed issues
• Routers can become bottlenecks
• Connection agreements

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Net Issues

• Privacy
• Cookie text file placed on the hard disk of a
  computer system
• Fraud
• Security with encryption and firewalls
• Digital signature
• Cyphertext
• Cryptography
• Unauthorized sites

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Cryptography
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FedCIRC
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The Web in Three Dimensions
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Summary

• Internet - started with ARPANET, a project
  started by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)
• Internet services include
• E-mail
• Telnet
• FTP
• Usenet and newsgroups
• Chat rooms
• Web site - like a magazine, with a cover page
  called a home page that has graphics, titles,
  black and highlighted text