Bloodborne Pathogens

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Bloodborne Pathogens

• Grand Prairie Independent School District
  Exposure Control Plan
• Training Program

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Bloodborne pathogen exposure can occur in the
school setting or work environment. Exposure to
blood is the most frequent source of transmission
of the Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and
Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the work
place. Our objectives are to

• Educate employees about these diseases.
• Train you how to protect yourself.
• Continue the safety and good health of our
  personnel.
• Fulfill the law

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Title 29 Code of Federal Regulation, Article
1910.1030, Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA), Bloodborne Pathogens
Standard as specified in Health and Safety Code,
Article 81.304 mandates a program be developed to
minimize employees exposure to bloodborne
pathogens.
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Hepatitis B (HBV)

• Causes serious liver disease, cirrhosis, and
  cancer
• Jaundice (yellowing of eyes and skin due to
  toxins in the blood)
• Fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite
• 50 have no symptoms at all
• Most people infected recover and clear the
  infection.
• 10 become chronically infected.
• Poses greatest risk of transmission
• Can live on a hard surface up to a week
• Can be prevented by a vaccination!!

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Hepatitis B Continued

• Each year 5,000 people die from chronic liver
  disease and liver cancer caused by HBV.
• According to the Centers for Disease Control and
  Prevention (CDC), 1.25 million people are
  chronically infected with HBV.
• Risk for infection from a known carrier from
  single needle stick or cut is 6 30 .
• Post exposure treatment should begin preferably
  within 24hrs, no later than 7 days.
• Treatment begins with vaccine immediately and
  or Hepatitis B Immune Globulin, (HBIG).
• Region 3 of CDC, Dallas, Denton and Tarrant
  Counties, 462 people died of viral hepatitis (all
  types) in 2002. The greatest death rate was in
  the 45-49 age group. Reference Public Health
  Regions in Texas

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HBV VaccineThe HBV vaccine is a three shot
series completed over 4-6 months.The second
dose must be one month from the first and at
least two months from the third dose.The first
and third doses must have at least four months
between them. Most clinicians prefer six.
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HBV Vaccine Continued Grand Prairie ISD
provides these vaccines free of charge to at
risk employees only. Other employees may
receive the shots through their doctor or the
Health Department.
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At Risk EmployeesSchool nurseClinic aide,
Unlicensed Diabetic Care AssistantPrincipal
designees who cover clinic when nurse is
out.Athletic trainerCoachesSpecial Ed Teachers
and AssistantsSpecial Ed Bus DriverSpecial Ed
Bus MonitorPrincipal, Assistant Principal,
Admin. Intern, Dean of InstructionSchool
resource officerPE teachersSelected maintenance
personnel-plumber/custodian
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HBV Vaccine ContinuedMost people who get the
Hepatitis B vaccine have no problems with it.
Others complain of soreness at injection site
and/or mild to moderate fever lasting a day or
two.Serious allergic reaction is very
rare.However, If you have ever had a serious or
life-threatening reaction to bakers yeast or a
previous dose of Hepatitis B you should not get
the vaccine.
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Hepatitis C (HCV)

• Causes serious liver disease
• Symptoms are similar to HBV
• 85 of people with HCV have chronic infections.
• About 3 million people are chronically infected
  in the U.S.
• 75 have no symptoms for more than 20 years while
  serious liver damage may be occurring.

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HCV continued

• Leading cause for liver transplants
• Up to 10,000 people die annually from HCV related
  liver disease.
• Can be transmitted during tattooing and body
  piercing
• Risk for transmission from a needle stick or cut
  from a known carrier is 1.8.
• No vaccine, no cure
• Antiviral drugs have been effective in treatment.

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HIV

• The clinical picture of a person with HIV differs
  from person to person.
• The bodys immune system loses the ability to
  fight off infection.
• 900,000 are infected in the US according to the
  CDC.
• Persons are living longer with the disease due to
  many anti-viral drugs but many strains are
  showing resistance.
• However, there is no cure and no vaccine.

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HIV/AIDS Cases and People Living with AIDS in
Public Health Region 3

• Health Region 3, 2005 and 200612,691
• People Living with HIV/AIDS in Texas, in
  200658,993
• Texas Department of Health
  2008

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HIV continued

• Risk for infection from a known carrier from a
  needle stick or cut is 0.3 or 1 in 300.
• Treatment from a known exposure should start
  within hours. A 4 week regime of a combination
  of antiviral drugs are recommended by the CDC.

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How are the Viruses Spread?

• The viruses are spread through contact with
• 1. Blood
• 2. Semen
• 3. Vaginal Secretions
• 4. Other Bodily Fluids

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Transmission

• Needles
• Intercourse
• Mom to unborn child during or after delivery
• Blood or other bodily fluid splashes to un-intact
  skin or the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose or
  mouth.

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Standard Precautions

• Standard Precautions simply states that all blood
  and bodily fluids (except sweat) are considered
  to be infected with a bloodborne pathogen.
• Therefore, you must assume everyones blood is
  infected and protect yourself.

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Protection

• Follow Standard Precautions.
• Get immunized against HBV
• Wear Personal Protective Equipment to prevent
  exposure.
• If able, allow the person whose blood is exposed
  to clean it up.

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Think First!!

• In the event of a possible body fluid exposure
  always glove first.
• Cover any cuts or abrasions with a band aid or
  other appropriate material.
• Never reuse gloves
• Remove them appropriately (see demonstration)
• Wash your hands after removing

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What is an exposure?

• An exposure occurs when another individuals
  blood or bodily fluids comes in contact with your
  un-intact skin or mucous membranes.
• If you contract a bloodborne pathogen disease,
  you risk spreading the disease to your family.

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Latex

• Be sure and notify your school nurse if you are
  allergic to latex.
• The school can provide you with vinyl gloves.

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HANDWASHING

• The Number 1 Protective activity from all
  bacteria and viruses is thorough hand washing.
• Use soap and running water
• Wash vigorously for 10-15 seconds
• Wash under jewelry, front and backs of hands.
• Rinse hands thoroughly.
• Dry hands with a clean paper towel.
• Turn off water with another paper towel.
• Only use antimicrobial soap when indicated
  because it removes the skins natural defenses.

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Good HousekeepingIts everyones responsibility

• 1. Clean and decontaminate surfaces with
  disinfectant after exposure to possible
  infectious fluids. Disinfect changing tables
  after each use.
• 2. Use broom and dust pan to pick up broken
  glass or call custodial staff.
• 3. Place all contaminated sharps in a sharps
  container (Nurses Office).

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Housekeeping Cont.

• 4. All material used for clean-up should be
  double bagged.
• 5. Regularly inspect and disinfect pails, beds,
  bends, etc that may likely be infected.
• 6. Toys will be disinfected daily with a
  non-toxic hospital grade disinfectant.
• 7. Laundry contaminated with body fluids should
  be washed with commercial laundry soap and bleach
  in 160 degrees for at least 25 minutes. Dry on
  the hottest setting.

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Points to Remember

• Never eat, drink, smoke or apply make-up or
  contacts where exposure is likely.
• Clean all blood and bodily spills quickly
  (Notify your custodian).
• Wear gloves to carry soiled clothing, blankets,
  etc and carry them away from your body.

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Continued

• Never attempt to compact the trash with your
  hands or feet. Pull the bag up from the sides
  and gently shake the trash down.
• DOUBLE BAG any trash that is saturated with blood
  or other bodily fluids.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs)

• Gloves Gowns
• Lab coats Eyewear
• Masks Mouthpieces
• Respirator bags
• All PPEs must fit, be worn correctly and may
  not be damaged.

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What do I do if I am Exposed?

• DO NOT PANIC!
• Wash hands immediately or flush eyes with large
  amounts of water (Do not use caustic materials to
  clean eyes).
• Report to the Nurse on your campus to fill out an
  exposure report. If nurse is not available
  report to the principals office or secretary.
• Remember exposure does not always lead to
  infection. A large dose of the virus must enter
  bloodstream and overcome bodys natural defenses
  first.

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Exposure Occurs
Contact school nurse, health services
coordinator or supervisor
Source Individual consents to or refuses testing
Exposed employee consents to or refuses testing
(signs form)
Health Care Provider provides (Concentra) Testing
Possible Vaccine
Counseling Recommendation for follow-up
School District talks to exposed employee to be
sure follow-up Information was received.
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QUESTIONS
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Online Training

• Please see or e-mail your school nurse if you
  have questions about bloodborne pathogens.
• If this is your first training on bloodborne
  pathogens, you must complete a quiz provided by
  your school nurse.
• Each year you must complete refresher training.
• Thank you,
• GPISD Nurses