Type K Temporary Barriers Revisited by

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Type K Temporary Barriers Revisitedby

• Jon Henri Mayer, P.E.
• State Construction Structures Engineer
• Florida Department of Transportation
• 2007 Construction Conference

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State of FloridaHighway Construction Worker
Fatalities

• Calendar Year
• 2002
• 2003
• 2004
• 2005

• Work Zone Miles
• 2432
• 2133
• 2250
• 2310

• No. of Fatalities
• 4
• 3
• 2
• 8

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Type K Temporary Barrier Revisited

• What is the Type K Barrier?
• FDOT Structures Design Guidelines
• Crash Testing of Type K Barrier
• Deflection Requirement (Allowances)
• Critical Fabrication and Installation
  Requirements
• Transitions and other Designs
• Damaged / Worn Out Barriers
• Demonstration Barrier Unit

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Type K Temporary Barrier
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Type K Temporary Barrier

• F-Shape Temporary Barrier System
• Can be used in freestanding, bolted down, staked
  down and backfilled installations
• Available deflection space
• End anchorage
• Transitions required
• Crash tested to the National Cooperative Highway
  Research Program (NCHRP) Report 350 and new
  unpublished successor to 350

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Safety Shape Barriers
GM
NJ
F
Single Slope
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FDOT Structures Design Guidelines

• Requires temporary traffic barriers for drop-off
  protection on bridges and retaining walls to have
  been successfully crash tested to Test Level 3
  (minimum)
• Construction, installation and use of temporary
  barriers are required to be in accordance with
  the crash tested designs

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Crash Testing Of Type K Barrier

• Test Vehicle ¾ Ton Pick-up (2WD) Ford, Chevy or
  Dodge
• Test Vehicle Weight- 4400 Lbs.
• Speed- 100 KM/H (62 MPH)
• Angle- 25
• Sustained Damage-
• Cannot roll over
• Limited Occupant Compartment Deformation
• Limitations on sudden impact G Forces
• Surrogate Test Vehicle represents the
• 94-96 percentile of all possible vehicle crashes

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Type K Temporary Barrier

• Deflection Requirements (Allowances)
• Freestanding - 2' 0" _at_ ? 45 MPH
• 4' 0" _at_ ? 50 MPH
• Bolted down - 1 ½" min.
• Staked down 1' 0" min.
• Transitions -
• Varies see illustrations

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Type K Barrier Bolted Down

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Type K Barrier Bolted Down
Optional Lifting Hole
Drainage Lifting Slot
Block out

• Photo Courtesy of Kansas DOT

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Type K Barrier Bolted Down
Connector Pin
Anchor Bolt Traffic Side Only

• Photo Courtesy of MwRSF

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Type K Barrier Bolted Down
1.5 /-
Bridge Deck or Rigid Pavement
DROP-OFF

• Photo Courtesy of MwRSF

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Type K Barrier Bolted Down
Anchor Bolt Nut
Plate Washer

• Photo Courtesy of Kansas DOT

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Type K Barrier Staked Down
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Type K Barrier Staked Down
Asphalt Pavement
Vertical Cut
6 tested
DROP-OFF

• Photo Courtesy of MwRSF

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Type K Barrier Staked Down
1.5 Ø Stakes 3-4 long
Asphalt Pavement

• Photo Courtesy of MwRSF

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Type K Barrier - Freestanding
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Type K Barrier Median
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Critical Fabrication Requirements

• Fabricator prequalification
• Rebar placement
• Connector loop placement (/- 1/8")
• Grade of connector loops (ASTM A 706)
• Conventional rebar or DWWR
• Concrete strength 5000 psi minimum no
  structural analysis if less than 5000 psi
• Marking Plate

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Marking Plate

Fabricator
Type
Date
Serial Number
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Critical Installation Requirements

• Barrier units must be in good condition
• Connector Pins must be in good condition and
  properly installed
• Paved surface with 1V10H or flatter cross slope
• Clear space behind barrier
• Transitions
• Warning lights for delineation

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Critical Installation Requirements

• Correct number and positioning of bolts and
  stakes One Side Only
• Pull-out test required for Adhesive Bonded Anchor
  Bolts Specification Section 416
• Type HSHV Adhesive from QPL -Specification
  Sections 416 and 937
• Nuts snug tightened (double nuts)

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Critical Installation Requirements

• Plate Washers top (and bottom)
• No substitution of other bolt types allowed
• Complete removal of bolts and stakes
• Patch bolt holes with Magnesium Ammonium
  Phosphate Concrete (MAPC) or Epoxy Resin Compound
• Patch stake holes with asphalt patch material

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Transition and Other Designs?

• Much longer barrier units - 20 and 30
• Only crash tested in pinned down or freestanding
  installations
• No transitions available
• Proprietary designs (or similar to)
• No active crash testing programs for added
  features
• New Jersey Shape designs

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Offices, Specifications, QPL, Qualified Product
List (QPL), Maintenance of Traffic, Temporary
Concrete Barrier Walls, Vendor Drawings
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Offices, Specifications, QPL, Qualified Product
List (QPL), Maintenance of Traffic, Temporary
Concrete Barrier Walls, Vendor Drawings
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Damaged / Worn Out Barriers

• Design Standards 414 and 415 require damaged and
  worn out barrier units to be replaced
• Wall units may be reused provided they have the
  structural integrity and surface qualities of new
  units.

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Damaged / Worn Out Barriers
B. S.
Old Jersey Barrier
Through Cracks
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Damaged / Worn Out Barriers
Exposed Steel
Through Crack
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Damaged / Worn Out Barriers
Missing Corner
Loop Connector
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Damaged / Worn Out Barriers
Small Spall
Large Spalls
JJ Hook Unit
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Demonstration Barrier UnitTest Procedure

• Required By Design Standard No. 414 Sheet No. 4
  of 7
• Adhesive Bonding Material Systems

In lieu of the production test requirements of
Specification Section 416-6, Install six (6)
Adhesive-Bonded Anchor Bolts in the demonstration
Barrier Unit and test each Anchor Bolt with a
29,800 pound tensile proof load.
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The holes for adhesive bonded anchor bolts for
Type K's need to be cleaned thoroughly. Here are
photos of a newly drilled hole for the crash test
installation.
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Note the quantity of dust created that if not
completely removed will reduce the pullout
capacity of the adhesive bonded anchor bolt
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Where to Get More Information

• Design Standards are available on the Internet at
  the Roadway Design Offices website
• www.dot.state.fl.us/rddesign

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Comments or questions contact

• Charles E. Boyd, P.E.

E
F
D
T
[phone]
Stefanie Maxwell (850)
414 4314
Jon Henri
Mayer
(850) 414
4177
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The End !