WHAT IS LOGISTIC

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INTRODUCTION
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WHAT IS LOGISTIC

• Logistics - ...the process of planning,
  implementing, and controlling the efficient,
  effective flow and storage of goods, services,
  and related information from point of origin to
  point of consumption for the purpose of
  conforming to customer requirements." Note that
  this definition includes inbound, outbound,
  internal, and external movements, and return of
  materials for environmental purposes.
• Logistics Functions - (classical) planning,
  procurement, transportation, supply, and
  maintenance.
• Logistics Processes - (classical) requirements
  determination, acquisition, distribution, and
  conservation.
• Acquisition Logistics - Acquisition Logistics is
  everything involved in acquiring logistics
  support equipment and personnel for a new weapons
  system. The formal definition is "the process of
  systematically identifying, defining, designing,
  developing, producing, acquiring, delivering,
  installing, and upgrading logistics support
  capability requirements through the acquisition
  process for Air Force systems, subsystems, and
  equipment.

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MANAGEMENT AND LOGISTIC

• Management and logistic has device into 3
  section-
• Technical facility management
• Infrastructural facility management
• Commercial facility management

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• (1) TECHNICAL FACILITY MANAGEMENT
• Technical operational management
• Building, utility systems and equipment
  maintenance
• In charge of medical technical systems, equipment
  and surgical instruments and training of medical
  staff in accordance with the medical product
  regulations
• Planning, completion and operation of Medical
  Technical Service Centres
• Services as an accredited testing and
  surveillance department for medical-technical
  systems, sterilizers and disinfecting equipment
• Project and authority management
• Energy management
• Safety engineering

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• (2) INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITY MANAGEMENT
• Environmental management
• Waste management
• Building cleaning
• Supply (laundry, goods)
• Caretaker service
• Postal Services (collection and delivery)
• Copy and printing services
• Care of the outside area and winter services
• Parking management / maintenance
• Vehicle department management
• Security service
• Patient's history administration
• Telephone exchange

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• (3) COMMERCIAL FACILITY MANAGEMENT
• Consulting during the implementation and
  development of SAP R/3 business processes
• Material logistics
• Inventory and room data administration
• Clinic staff wage and salary accounting
• Contract management
• Area / Space management

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LOGISTIC MANAGEMENT

• These are all technologically feasible projects.
  But it is not only the technology that determines
  the result. Political policy, participation and
  permission procedures, land expropriation,
  environmental impact studies, costing, budgeting
  and price control, logistic efficiency and
  safety. These, as well as many other aspects,
  have to be taken into account early in the plan
  development of real estate and infrastructure
  projects. It requires engineers who master the
  process. Engineers, who oversee, analyze and
  predict all aspects of the design and execution
  of civil engineering projects.
• The master Civil Engineering and Management pays
  thoroughly attention to both technical and
  non-technical aspects of planning, design,
  realization and maintenance of civil objects and
  systems.
• You make your own tailor-made programme by
  choosing a selection from our 30 modules. Of
  course there are some restrictions also depending
  on your diplomas and experience. Deficiencies up
  to 20 ECTS can be resolved within the master
  program.
• Depending on the choices you make, you become a
  specialist in one of the following three domains

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• ?Water Engineering and Management
• This track focuses on the behavior and management
  of water systems like rivers, estuaries, coastal
  zones and seas. Students learn about both
  physical and social-economic aspects of water
  management. Different tools are shown to analyze
  long-term behavior and to evaluate the impact of
  human interventions on different functions of the
  water system. Attention is also given to the role
  of models and uncertainty in the decision-making
  processes. Example topics are flood protection,
  water retention, water quality management, bed
  form development in rivers and sea.

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• ?Transportation Engineering and Management
• This track deals with the behavior, performance
  and management of traffic and transport systems.
  Students learn about engineering, socio-economic,
  spatial and environmental aspects of these
  systems and about various aspects of human
  behavior in respect to their potential use.
  Attention is paid to both transport planning and
  traffic management issues. Travel demand,
  infrastructural supply, maintenance, impacts,
  performance and control are studied in an
  interdependent context. Different tools are used
  to analyze traffic systems on different scales in
  space and time, and to evaluate the impacts of
  human interventions. Example topics are area wide
  dynamic traffic management, intelligent transport
  systems, urban transport, sustainable
  development, traffic monitoring and evacuation
  planning. From a methodological perspective
  attention is focused on modeling, strategic
  planning, data fusion, evaluation methods and
  dynamic optimization.

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• ?Construction Process Management
• This track is focused on the development and
  delivery of infrastructure and real estate
  projects. Students learn about the analysis,
  design and control of the integral construction
  process, the functioning of construction process
  organizations and the coordination of the
  activities and roles of parties involved. The
  various sub-processes of the total construction
  process from conception to demolition are studied
  integrally. Plan development management at
  conceptual phase, public-private partnership,
  design management, sustainable building, risk
  analysis and management, IT and logistics as well
  as market and organizational forms are topics of
  courses.

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CONSTRUCTION PLANT

• Construction plant can be classified according to
  their functions as-
• Excavating
• Hoisting
• Transporting
• Mixing

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• Excavating
• Factors in selecting Excavation plant-
• The nature of the excavation to be performed
• The type of soil to be excavated
• The distances which the excavated spoil must be
  carried to transport
• The condition and gradients of the site
• Excavating plant can be divided into two types-

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• a. Excavator
• It is an equipment to be based on which is a
  tracked or wheeled self-propelled machine
  consisting of a chassis carrying a revolving
  platform and a power operated jib or boom
  controlled by wire ropes, together with a
  drivers cabin, and which is designed for a
  number of different excavating operations by
  changing the booms and buckets.
• An excavator can be rigged as-

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• Face Shovel It is used for excavating against a
  face or bank, consisting of an open-top bucket or
  dipper with a bottom opening door, fixed to an
  arm or dipper stick which slides and pivots on
  the jib of the crane. It is suitable for
  excavating all clay, chalk and friable materials
  and for handling rock and stone. However, it is
  not suitable for surface excavation for which a
  skimmer is used.
• Backacter It is similar to face shovel except
  that the dipper stick pivots on the end of the
  jib and the dipper or bucket works towards the
  chassis and normally has no bottom door but is
  emptied by swinging away from the chassis to
  invert the bucket. It is mainly used to excavate
  trenches and occasionally used for the excavation
  of open areas such as small basements.

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• Skimmer This arrangement is similar to the face
  shovel except that in this case the bucket slides
  on rollers directly along the jib and thus has a
  more restricted movement. It is used for surface
  excavation and levelling in conjunction with
  transport to haul away the excavated material.
• Dragline It is usually fitted with a long slender
  boom or jib and the bucket, which in operation
  faces towards the machine and has no door, is
  supported by cable only as on a crane. It works
  from the side of the excavation at normal ground
  level and is used for excavating large open
  excavations such as basements when the depth is
  beyond the limit of the boom of a backacter.

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• Crand and Grab It consists of two hinged
  half-buckets or jaws pivoted to a frame which is
  suspended by cable from a long jib of an
  excavator. The grab is used for deep excavations
  of limited area on all types of soil except rock.
• Pile Driving and Drilling It is an excavator
  equipped with either hanging leaders which guide
  the pile and the hammer during driving, or a
  turntable through which the square drilling rod
  or kelly bar passes for drilling piles.

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• b. Tractor-based Equipment
• It is designed either as attachments to normal
  tracked or wheeled tractors or as machines in
  whih the earth-moving attachments and the tractor
  are designed as a single integrated unit.
• A tractor which is hydraulically operated can be
  rigged as-
• Tractor Shovel This consists of a tipping bucket
  at the front attached by strong pivoted arms or
  booms to the frame of the machine. It is used for
  stripping top soil, excavating against a face,
  bulldozing and for loading spoil or loose
  materials.
• Trench Digger It operates on the same principle
  as a backacter excavator except that the bucket
  is controlled by hydraulic rams instead of cables
  and pulleys.

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• Scraper It is a large box or bowl with an open
  front and bottom cutting cutting edge, supported
  on a frame between two pairs of wheels and
  attached to a tractor from which the bowl is
  raised and lowered by cable or hydraulic power.
  It is used for surface excavation over large
  areas where the spoil can be disposed on the site
  and for bulk excavation over small areas.
• Bulldozer and Angle-dozer The bulldozer consists
  of a rectangular steel blade with renewable
  cutting edge set at right-angles or about 30
  degrees to the direction of travel and attached
  by steel arms to the sideframes of a crawler
  tractor. It may be used for excavating natural
  soil or for moving loose soil or debris which it
  pushes forward as the ractor forces it ahead.

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• 4.2 Hoisting
• This concerns with the handling of materials and
  components. Most building materials used in the
  erection of buildings are handled several times
  during the course of construction. The plant used
  for hoisting, primarily performs vertical
  movement.
• Mobile Cranes
• These may be either self-propelled or
  truck-mounted. They are suitable where on-site or
  between site mobility is a primary requirement or
  where the duration of job is short. It is widely
  used for the erection of low-rise buildings where
  a long reach is not essential and the machine can
  approach near to the building, and for the
  erection of low framed structures where the crane
  being able to move between the columns of the
  structures.
• For example Self-propelled cranes, truck- or
  lorry-mounted cranes, telescopic jib cranes
• Stationary Cranes
• They are fixed firmly to some form of base at
  their working position. It can handle its maximum
  loads over a greater range of radius than mobile
  crane.
• For example Derrick cranes, guy derrick, scotch
  derrick, monotower derrick, tower crane, climbing
  crane, rail-mounted or travelling crane,
  transportable tower crane, fixed jib slewing
  crane, portal crane

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• Hoists
• A hoist consists of a horizontal platform which
  is moved up and down vertical guides by a powered
  winch and is usually termed a platform hoist. It
  is used for materials lifting and passenger
  carrying which is useful for high-rise building
  construction.
• For example Platform hoists and mobile platform
  hoists.
• Elevators
• These consist of a series of buckets fixed to a
  rotating belt or chain and are used for raising
  aggregates into the bins of weightbatchers.
  Elevators can work vertically but are usually set
  at an angle, according to the height of lift.

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• 4.3 Transporting
• This implies horizontal movement primarily but it
  can involve some vertical movement too.
• Dumpers
• These are vehicles designed for the transport of
  materials which previously were usually carried
  out by wheelbarrows, such as excavated spoil,
  hardcore and concrete. It is faster and more
  economical than hand barrow and consists of a
  shallow tipping hopper or skip mounted on a
  wheeled chassis.
• For example Power barrow, dumper, multi-skip
  dumpers, high discharge dumpers, dump truck
• Forklift Trucks
• It is essentially a powered mobile chassis on the
  front of which is a vertical frame or mast on
  which a pair of "forks", that is a pair of
  projecting tines, may be raised and lowered. It
  is basically used for handling unit or packaged
  loads which is a large individual component or
  smaller components packaged into suitable units.

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• Monorail Transporter
• This is a powered wagon or skip running on a
  single easily laid rail and is intended primarily
  to carry concrete from the mixer to the point of
  placing. It is generally used in otherwise
  inaccessible situations.
• Conveyors
• It is used for handling small materials such as
  excavated spoil from the point of excavation to
  the boundaries of the site for loading into
  transport, for concrete placing or for filling up
  aggregate bins in weigh-batchers.
• Concrete Pumps and Placers
• This consists of a pump which is mechanically
  operated by ram and placers pneumatically
  operated by compressed air. For example, mobile
  concrete pump.

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• 4.4 Mixing
• A large amount of material must still be mixed
  with water, mainly concrete, mortar and plaster.
  The advantages of mechanical mixing over hand
  mixing, except for very small quantities, are
  greater economy, reduce the loss of cement and
  more accurate gauging of the water content.
• a. Concrete Mixers
• They are made in various types and sizes and are
  broadly classified as (i) batch mixers and (ii)
  continuous mixers. There are five types of batch
  mixer
• Tilting drum
• Non-tilting drum
• Reversing drum, a form of non-tilting mixer
• Split drum
• Paddle mixers (a) pan (b) turbo (c) trough

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• b. Weighbatchers
• The batching of materials for concrete may be by
  volume or by weight. For example weighbatcher
  incorporated with mixer, independent
  weighbatcher, mobile and semi-mobile weighbatcher
• c. Central Mixing Plant
• The concentration of batching and mixing
  operations in a single static plant instead of by
  a number of mobile mixers is often used on large,
  extensive sites.
•   The main advantages of central mixing are-
• An increased output by fewer machines and men is
  possible.
• In suitable circumstances it is more economicl
  than a number of separate mixers.
• Better quality control is possible
• The essential components of a central mixing
  plant are-
• Adequate storage of aggregates at ground level
• Overhead aggregate storage bins to hold not less
  than an hours supply at maximum output
• Some means of storing and weighing the cement
• Elevated water storage together with some means
  of metering the water supplied to the mixer
• A mix or mixers
• Storage hoppers to contain the mixed concrete
  until fed into transport or concrete pump.

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MACHINERIES

• SMALL POWERED PLANT-
• Electric Hand Tool
• Pneumatic Tools
• Cartridge Hammers
• Vibrators
• Power Floats
• Pumps
• Rollers
• EARTH MOVING AND EXCAVATION PLANT-
• Bulldozers Angle dozers
• Scrapers
• Graders
• Tractor Shovel
• Excavating machines
• Skimmer
• Face Shovel
• Backactor
• Dragline
• Multi-Purpose Excavators

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• CONCRETE MIXERS AND PUMP-
• Concrete mixers
• Cement Storage
• Ready-Mixed Concrete
• Concrete Pumps
• TYPE OF CONCRETE MIXERS-
• Drum Type/Free-fall Concrete Mixer
• Tilting Drum (T)
• Non-tilting Drum (NT)
• Reversing Drum (R)
• Pan Type/Forced Action Concrete Mixer
• TYPE OF PUMPS-
• Hydraulic Swing Tube Pumps
• Ball Seat Pumps
• Hydraulic Peristaltic (Squeeze) Pumps
• Advantages using pumps-
• Concrete is transported from point of supply
• Faster pours can be achieved with less labour
• No segregation of mix is experienced with pumping

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