Medieval

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Medieval
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An Age of Absolutism and Upheaval I.
Absolutism A. absolutism in theory B.
absolutism in practice C. the landed nobility
(nobility of the sword) D. the robe
nobility E. the church F. the urban
bourgeoisie G. the lower classes II. Richelieu
and the Revival of France III. Mazarin and the
Fronde IV. The reign of Louis XIV V. English
Constitutionalism A. James I B. Charles I and
the Parliamentary Revolt C. Civil War and the
Cromwellian Commonwealth D. James II and
the Glorious Revolution
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Absolutism in Theory

• No limitations on kings sovereignty
• Based on divine right theory
• Not arbitrary or despotic
• No right of resistance

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Absolutism in Practice

• Must answer to God and fundamental laws of the
  realm
• Above the law, but
• Defender of the body politic
• Must recognize traditional rights and privileges

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The Landed Nobility

• Mostly lords (seigneurs)
• Exempt from the taille, special treatment in the
  courts, among other privileges
• Many absentee landlords by 17th century
• Regarded as a superior race
• No institutional process for asserting their
  interests, but
• Nobles with powerful client networks could exert
  a great deal of power

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The Robe Nobility

• Royal officeholders
• Judges of the Parlement
• Significant vested interest
• Some became royal commissioners, or intendants

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The Catholic Church

• Information network
• Immense wealth
• Competing authority

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The Urban Bourgeoisie

• Not peasants, nobles, or priests
• Diverse group
• No cohesive middle class
• Fragmented, localized, technologically
  conventional
• Lure of royal office
• Financing the crown

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The Lower Classes

• Precarious position staple goods heavily taxed
• Isolated no class consciousness
• Revolt not revolution

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An Age of Absolutism and Upheaval I.
Absolutism A. absolutism in theory B.
absolutism in practice C. the landed nobility
(nobility of the sword) D. the robe
nobility E. the church F. the urban
bourgeoisie G. the lower classes II. Richelieu
and the Revival of France III. Mazarin and the
Fronde IV. The reign of Louis XIV V. English
Constitutionalism A. James I B. Charles I and
the Parliamentary Revolt C. Civil War and the
Cromwellian Commonwealth D. James II and
the Glorious Revolution
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The Three Hs -The Huguenots -The Habsburgs -The
(Haughty) Nobles
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An Age of Absolutism and Upheaval I.
Absolutism A. absolutism in theory B.
absolutism in practice C. the landed nobility
(nobility of the sword) D. the robe
nobility E. the church F. the urban
bourgeoisie G. the lower classes II. Richelieu
and the Revival of France III. Mazarin and the
Fronde IV. The reign of Louis XIV V. English
Constitutionalism A. James I B. Charles I and
the Parliamentary Revolt C. Civil War and the
Cromwellian Commonwealth D. James II and
the Glorious Revolution
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An Age of Absolutism and Upheaval I.
Absolutism A. absolutism in theory B.
absolutism in practice C. the landed nobility
(nobility of the sword) D. the robe
nobility E. the church F. the urban
bourgeoisie G. the lower classes II. Richelieu
and the Revival of France III. Mazarin and the
Fronde IV. The reign of Louis XIV V. English
Constitutionalism A. James I B. Charles I and
the Parliamentary Revolt C. Civil War and the
Cromwellian Commonwealth D. James II and
the Glorious Revolution
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Absolutism in Theory

• No limitations on kings sovereignty
• Based on divine right theory
• Not arbitrary or despotic
• No right of resistance

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Absolutism in Practice

• Must answer to God and fundamental laws of the
  realm
• Above the law, but
• Defender of the body politic
• Must recognize traditional rights and privileges

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Constitutionalism in Theory

• Limitations on kings sovereignty (or no king i.
  e. a republic
• Based on contract theory
• Representative assembly (e.g. British Parliament)
  safeguards the peoples rights

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Constitutionalism in Practice

• A constitution does not guarantee democracy
• A constitution can substitute one form of elite
  rule with another
• A constitution can limit political participation
  based on race, class, and gender

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And what is it we want to do? Why . . . to
establish white supremacy in this
State. -John B. Knox, Alabama
consti- tutional convention, 22 May 1901
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Modern society -Individualistic -Pluralistic -
Egalitarian -Literate -Impersonal
(contracts) -Rational/progressive -Centralized

Medieval society -Corporate -Catholic -Hierarchic
al -Oral -Personal (oaths of loyalty) -Ritualistic
/traditional -De-centralized