WATER MANAGEMENT IMPROVEMENTS FOR RODKOHI SYSTEMS Engr' M' Zaheerul Ikram WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH I

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WATER MANAGEMENT IMPROVEMENTS FOR ROD-KOHI
SYSTEMSEngr. M. Zaheer-ul- IkramWATER
RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTENARC, ISLAMABAD
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ROD-KOHI SYSTEMS

• Non-Perennial Floodwater
• Sulaiman Ranges of D.I.Khan, D.G.Khan, Barkhan,
  Loralai and Zoab
• Kacchi Plain, Lasbela and Kharan Basin of
  Balochistan
• Kirther Range of Jamshoro (Thana Boula Khan),
  Dadu Larkana
• Perennial Kalapani
• D.I.Khan, D.G.Khan, Zhob, Loralai, Kacchi Plain

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Potential for Development
Mater Feasibility Studies for Flood Management
of Hill-Torrents, NESPAK, 1998.
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WHY ROD-KOHI IMPORTANT?

• Rod-Kohi helps for
• Water Spreading
• Maintaining Soil Moisture
• Maintaining Soil Fertility
• Recharging Groundwater
• Sustainability of Kalapani
• Supporting Surface Cover and Natural Vegetation

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TECHNICAL ISSUES

• Inherent uncertainty and unpredictability
• Wet and dry years
• High risks and not equally distributed
• Active land formation - scour and siltation
• Silting of nullahs leading to flood hazards
• Inadequate and inappropriate diversion
• Inequity in distribution of share of water
• Tail-end water users - affected in both extremes
  of flood and drought

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SOCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES

• System deterioration
• Water rights
• Lack of institutional support to water users
• Lack of co-ordination among public sector
  institutions

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ECONOMIC ISSUES

• Marginal returns
• Difficulty in competing with alternative sources
  of income
• High failure rate of schemes built by public
  sector
• Insufficient provision for water storage
  (domestic and stock water use)
• Substantial investments required

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RD Activities
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Water Distribution Structure at D.I.Khan
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Water Regulating Diversion Structure at D.I.Khan
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Water control , Diversion Regulating Structure
at Main Stream
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Water Distribution Structure at D.I.Khan
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Water Distribution Structure at Barkhan
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Water Distribution Structure at Barkhan
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Earthen Diversion Bund at D.I.Khan
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Plastic Lining at Critical Sections
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Water Application and Drainage Structures
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Irrigating the Rod-Kohi field
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Water Application and Drainage Structure
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Water Conveyance Irrigation Systems
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Remodeling of Rod-Kohi Tributary of Nullah Gomal
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Remodeled Water Conveyance Irrigation System
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Pipe-Flow Irrigation Systems On
Farmers Dugwells, Barkhan
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Plantation of Fruit Trees under Pipe Flow
Irrigation Systems
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Water Bank and Lined Water Channelat Mithawan
Watershed
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Water Diversion and Control Structures with
Earthen Improvement, Mithawan Watershed
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Command Area Development
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Development of New Areas at Mithawan Watershed
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Conveyance of Water in Rugged Mountainous Terrain

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Aqueduct coupled with pre-cast parabolic Lining
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Low Cost Lining of Water Channel
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Lining of Water Channels
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LDPE Film Lining 250 Micron
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4.5 inch Brick Lining
Pre-casted Parabolic Lining
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Water Harvesting and Check Dams
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Earthen Water Storage Reservoir at Mithawan
Watershed
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Earthen Ponds and Lining with Plastic Films at
Barkhan
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Check Dam
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Construction of Check Dam at Mithawan Watershed
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Eyebrow Terraces for Mazri Plantation of Forest
Trees at Barkhan
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Some failed interventions
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Small Dam constructed by JICA for
initiating Watershed Management in
Mithanwan Watershed not holding water
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Water control/ distribution system at Choti Balaa
(Mithawan Dam) silted after 2 floods
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Water control and distribution system at Choti
Bala
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Water control and distribution system at Choti
Bala
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OPTIONS
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Managing Outflow at Upstream

• Construction of storage dams at upstream to
  induce groundwater recharge and support watershed
  management activities
• Construction of check structures in highlands to
  reduce the velocity of water and trapping of silt

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Reducing Existing Losses in Conveyance Network
Crop Fields

• Improving the water conveyance system
• Construction of water distribution system at the
  tertiary level
• Construction of field outlets
• Development of earthen ponds for domestic and
  stockwater use
• Addressing land levels

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Enhancing Productivity-I

• Focus on pulses, fodders, wheat and oilseeds
• Research to breed cultivars which extract water
  from deeper depths
• Research to develop drought tolerant fruit plants

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Enhancing Productivity-II

• Research to develop low-cost drinking and stock
  water use technologies
• Research to develop high efficiency irrigation
  systems and high-value agriculture
• Reorienting Agriculture Extension for the
  Rod-Kohi areas

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Institutional

• Rod-Kohi Development Authorities in all the four
  provinces having disciplines of
• Water
• Agriculture
• Forestry
• Education
• Health
• Livestock

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Future Needs

• Coordination among the public sector institutions
• Catchment management strategies to control
  sedimentation and reduce outflow.
• OFWM be given priority for diversion,
  distribution and application of water as program.
• To create awareness among the civil society
  groups and NGOs to highlight the importance and
  potentiality of the area.
• Rod-Kohi irrigation be included in the
  agricultural engineering faculties curriculum.