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RECM 475 Philosophy of Recreation Management Chapter 8 Time as Commodity

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Title: RECM 475 Philosophy of Recreation Management Chapter 8 Time as Commodity


1
RECM 475Philosophy of Recreation
ManagementChapter 8 Time as Commodity
2
Chapter 8 Time Based on the Universe
3
Chapter 8 Time Based on the Universe
  • Cyclical phenomenon governed our sense of time
  • The sun, the moon, the earths rotation, all
    marked the passage of time
  • People, animals, and all living things appeared,
    aged, and died
  • Time passed with regularity, uniformity, and
    indifference

4
Chapter 8 Sunrise to Sunset
5
Chapter 8 Sunrise to Sunset
  • The passage of the day was rooted in the changes
    which occurred in the natural, physical world.
  • The sun rose and set
  • The tides came in and out
  • The seasons changed
  • It was hot, dry, wet, cold

6
Chapter 8 The Solar Eclipse and Time
7
Chapter 8 The Solar Eclipse and Time
  • Disruptions to normal patterns were feared
  • The eclipse of the sun was an indication that the
    Gods were unhappy, the world would end, or time
    would stand still
  • Mysticism sprang from natural if misunderstood
    phenomenon
  • Clearly man was not in control

8
Chapter 8 The Clock Seizes the Day
9
Chapter 8 The Clock
  • Seeking uniformity and predefined order to the
    day, technological advances brought the clock
  • The sun dial gave way to the mechanical clock
    which was cloud, rain, and storm proof
  • Time became linear and predictable
  • Control of time made the industrial revolution a
    reality

10
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • Ironic though it may be, one of the great hopes
    for the industrial age was that man through
    increased productivity would gain more leisure
  • Civilization would produce more with less labor
  • More food
  • More goods
  • More societal benefits
  • Mankind would gain time to contemplate life, to
    solve the worlds great mysteries

11
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • Reality though proved to be less satisfactory to
    humanity
  • Technological advances brought more and better
    products it produced a new series of WANTS
  • A new car
  • Air conditioning
  • A summer home
  • A bigger TV
  • Lobster from South Africa
  • Cheese from Denmark
  • Tomatoes in February

12
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • Wants produced Needs
  • Needs produced higher expectations which required
    higher incomes resulting from increased education
    and specialization
  • Man became a slave to his possessions
  • Time was marked as earnings (dollars per hour),
    appointments in thirty minute segments, sales
    calls, billable hours, working breakfasts,
    lunches, and dinners
  • Multi-tasking is invented as a way to cheat time
  • to accomplish more within the same allotted time

13
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • The Rats raced and humanity lost
  • Economic growth became dependent on the scarcity
    of time
  • Replace it dont fix it became the mantra for
    more and more production
  • Cheaper and cheaper goods with a disposable
    intent
  • The household telephone and TV
  • The hand mixer
  • The hair dryer
  • Shoes and socks
  • Hose
  • Time saving devices and goods
  • Fast food
  • The Microwave oven
  • The TV dinner, Lean Cuisine, Pizza delivery
  • Drive thru banking
  • E-commerce
  • Online shopping and banking

14
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • The modern world races on a 24-7 schedule
  • I want it now, cheap, and delivered to my door
  • Wal-Mart and grocery chains that stay open all of
    the time
  • Shopping at 2am
  • Restaurants and bars that never close
  • Around the clock entertainment
  • On demand movies
  • Cable networks that stay on the air around the
    clock
  • Instant weather forecasts

15
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • Further advances have presented their own
    problems
  • Computers have produced production efficiencies
  • VDT Operator key stroke averages increased from
    30,000 to 80,000 per hour
  • Secretaries and clerks became obsolete
    professions
  • Paper letters and memos were replaced with
    electronic, instant communications
  • Professionals manage their own data, their own
    files, type their own emails, book their own
    flights, hotels, rental cars, pay their own
    credit car bills, have their own heart by-passes
    and stroke out by the thousands..

16
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • Medical advances allow us to cheat aging and thus
    the passage of time
  • Inverto-fertilization allows women to have
    children much later in life than biology would
    dictate
  • Heart and hair transplants
  • Face lifts and tummy tucks
  • Sleep less, work more
  • Take a pill to go to sleep or to stay up longer
  • Exist on caffeine and sugar
  • Live with a constant buzz, on the edge
  • Overall, better nutrition, exercise, proper diet,
    all allow men and women to live longer if not
    more graciously

17
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • Thus, time has become mans master
  • Schedules govern existence
  • Efficiency is measured in productivity per hour,
    day, month, year
  • Time is money
  • Time is scarce

18
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • This scarcity of time has brought reinforcement
    to the leisure-work paradigm
  • Our institutions of work shape leisure and the
    rest of life
  • Thinking of scarcity only in material terms is
    obsolete
  • The most important way we think about modern time
    is our perception of it
  • Just as time became more regulated at work so did
    our leisure time become a slave to the clock
  • No longer is leisure viewed as it was as
    tranquil, peaceful or timeless, now it a
    commodity to be scheduled, timed with predictable
    outcomes, bought and sold in units like slaves of
    the 19th century
  • Work-outs at the gyms
  • Movies at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9
  • Two week vacations
  • Resorts with wireless connectivity, fax machines
    and copiers in the business service center, and
    international cell phone coverage

19
Chapter 8 A Modern Sense of Urgency
  • Yet, what we can not easily cheat though is our
    biological diurnal cycles
  • Our natural performance is influenced by the time
    of day, by our exposure to sunlight, by the
    phases of the moon
  • All of our chemical and technological attempts to
    change this shorten our lives and disrupt our
    sense of inner peace and harmony
  • Through modern advances we bring chaos into our
    lives and reshape our expectations for happiness
    and self-fulfillment
  • We are not machines

20
Chapter 8 Regaining Time
  • Thus, like the basset on the beach, there is much
    to be said for chilling and relaxing as the true
    paths to
  • self-fulfillment.

21
Chapter 8
  • ADIOS
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