Heat Illness Prevention

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Heat Illness Prevention
http//blink.ucsd.edu/go/preventheatillness

• Daphne Thaung
• Sarah Meyer
• Jan Kraak
• UCSD Environment, Health Safety

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Working Conditions

• Potable water present - 100 of cases
• Shade available - 77 of cases
• 80 of employers had a written IIPP
• 20 had written Heat Illness Prevention
  Policy
• 36 had an Emergency Action Plan

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Heat Illness Prevention During Heat Waves

• Supervisors/employees watch each other very
  closely provide more frequent feedback
• Avoid working alone - buddy system
• Account for employee whereabouts throughout the
  work shift and end of the day

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Personal Risk Factors

• May put employees at a higher risk of developing
  heat illness
• Age
• Weight
• Physical fitness/metabolism
• Personal choices
• Prescription Drugs
• Alcohol/Caffeine/Water Consumption
• Food
• Underlying Medical Conditions

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• Heat Illness Prevention During Heat Waves
• Take Extra Measures - More Water
• Drink water more frequently before, during and
  after work
• Water must be readily accessible, but in no
  case further than ¼ mile or a five-minute walk,
  and must be fresh, pure, suitably cool
• Effective replenishment of extra supplies of
  water
• Spraying body with water/wiping with wet towels

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Getting Acclimated
Gradually getting used to the heat

• 4 to 14 days working at least 2 hours/day
• Highest risk for heat illness
• At the start of the summer session
• New employee
• Coming back from illness or vacation

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Heat Illness Prevention During Heat Waves

• SHADE blockage of direct sunlight
• Take 5 minute breaks though out the day in shade
• Eat lunch or rest in shade for longer breaks as
  well
• Ex buildings, canopies, umbrellas, trees

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Is this adequate shade?
The nearest shaded area must be as close as
practicable. Usually this will mean that shade
must be reachable within a 2 1/2 minute walk, but
in no case more than 1/4-mile or a five minute
walk away, whichever is shorter.
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Examples of Acceptable Source of Shade

• Take 5 minute breaks though out the day in shade
• Eat lunch or rest in shade for longer breaks as
  well
• Ex buildings, canopies, umbrellas, trees

If the temperature exceeds 90 F, shade must
actually be present regardless of the previous
day's predicted temperature high.
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Heat Illness

• High Tempt High Humidity Physical Work
  
• Heat Illness

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Heat Cramps

• Painful spasms of muscles
• Muscles used to perform the work are usually the
  ones most susceptible to cramps
• Cause
• Sweating heavily
• Replacing water not salt
• Symptoms
• Hot, moist skin
• Normal pulse
• Normal to slightly high body
• temperature

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Heat Cramps Prevention

• Move into shade
• Loosen clothing
• Drink lightly salted liquids
• Wait to see if symptoms go away
• Seek medical aid if cramps persist

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Heat Exhaustion

• Loss of fluid from sweating when worker has
  failed
• to drink enough fluids
• Cause
• Bodys heat-control mechanism is overactive
• Loss of body fluids and minerals
• Symptoms
• Heavy sweating
• Extreme thirst
• Extreme weakness and fatigue
• Giddiness, nausea, or headaches
• Skin is cool, clammy, and moist, complexion pale
  or flushed
• Body temperature is normal or slightly higher

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First Aid Treatmentfor Heat Exhaustion

• Move victim into shade
• Loosen and remove clothing
• Cool the victim (wet cloth, spray mist)
• Have victim slowly drink water
• Elevate victims legs
• Medical Aid ASAP if victim not better

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Heat Stroke
THE MOST SERIOUS STAGE OF HEAT ILLNESS

• Most serious, failure of the bodys internal
  mechanism to regulate its core temperature
• Cause
• Body temperature rises to fatal levels
• Symptoms
• Lack of sweat
• Mental confusion, delirium, loss of
  concentration, convulsions or coma
• Rapid pulse
• A body temperature of 106F or higher
• Hot dry skin, which may be red, mottled, or blush
• Convulsions, seizures, unconsciousness, or death
  can occur

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First Aid Treatment for Heat Stroke

• Call for emergency help ASAP
• Move victim into shade
• Loosen outer clothing
• Lower body temperature (massage body with ice or
  damp cloth)
• If victim is alert, have them slowly drink water

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UCSD Campus Police

• From a campus phone
• 911
• From a cell phone
• 534-HELP

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Emergency Notification Procedure

• Tell the UCSD Police dispatcher that this is a
  heat related issue
• If ambulance is not readily available, go to the
  nearest Emergency Room
• Thornton or Scripps Hospital on main campus
• Hillcrest
• Notify your supervisor
• Contact Workers Compensation at 822-2979
• If hospitalized, notify the UCSD Police Dispatcher

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http//blink.ucsd.edu/go/preventheatillness
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In Review Planning Procedures

• Weather monitoring- heat wave
• Acclimization
• Water
• Shade
• Training
• Recognizing heat illness symptoms
• Contacting emergency medical services
• Providing clear and precise directions

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534-HELP 911 (land line)

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Why Should We Take Skin Protection Seriously?

• Skin Cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer
  in US
• UVR is the cause of premature aging, wrinkling,
  benign and pre-cancerous growths and at least 90
  of all skin cancers
• Sun exposure accumulates over life time
• More than one million new cases are diagnosed
  each year in US

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Basal Cell Carcinoma

• Affects 800,000 Americans each year
• Common on exposed parts of the body
• Common cancer in fair-skinned people

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Squamous Cell Carcinoma

• Second most common skin cancer
• Afflicts 100,000 people/year
• Arises from the epidermis and can metastasize
• Tumor appears in sun-exposed areas
• May be inherited

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Melanoma

• Most serious form of skin cancer
• 42,000 new cases reported to ACS
• Early stages, almost 100 curable
• Advance stages, can be deadly
• Malignant tumor originates in melanocytes (four
  types)
• Heavily concentrates in moles

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http//www.livestrong.com/video/2234-have-mole-bio
psy/
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Ways to Reduce Risk of Skin Cancer

• Wear Protective Clothing
• Wear Hats with Wide-brimmed
• Use Sunscreen on Exposed Skin
• (SPF 15)
• Avoid Midday Sun Exposure (10am-4pm)
• Avoid Artificial UVR Sources
• Be Aware of Photosensitizing Medications
• Perform Skin Examination Each Month

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Perform Monthly Skin Check

• Perform monthly check

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Sunscreen Protection Factor

• Use products with SPF 15 or higher,that block UVA
  and UVB (titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, or
  avobenzone)
• Shake container well
• Apply generously and evenly (Ears too!)
• Apply 20 minutes before sun exposure
• Reapply every two hours or when wet
• Use sunscreen even on cloudy cool days

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Eye Protection

• UVB contributes to cataracts, vision-clouding
  clumps in the lens of the eye
• Wear sunglasses with labels meeting ANSI (95
  UVB, 60 UVA)
• Choose large-frame wraparound style

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In Conclusion

• Heat Related Illnesses are Preventable
• Recognize early warning signs and take proactive
  action
• Skin Cancer Is Preventable
• Take Care of Your Skin by Using Good Skin Care
  Methods and Products EVERYDAY

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References

• American Academy of Dermatology, Skin Cancer-An
  Undeclared Epidemic, 1994
• National Institutes of Health Consensus
  Development Conference Statement, Sunlight,
  Ultraviolet Radiation, and the Skin, 1989
• Ferrini R., Perlman M, Hill L. Skin Protection
  from Ultraviolet Light Exposure American College
  of Preventive Medicine Practice Policy Statement
• Consumer Reports, July 2000
• The Skin Cancer Foundation www.skincancer.org
• Cal/OSHA Reporter, June 14, 2002 July 6 and 29,
  2007
• http//www.dir.ca.gov/DOSH/HeatIllnessInfo.html