The Cyprus Strategies

1
The Cyprus Strategies Experienceon solid
and hazardous waste management

• Dr Costas Papastavros
• Environment Service
• IWMLCA Workshop, Prague - April 2004

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• General comments
• Waste management is the most problematic area for
  the adoption of the environmental acquis
  communautaire.
• This is due to the
• high consumption patterns (over 600 Kg/ca/year),
• lack of human capacity in the governmental level
• weaknesses in local administration,
• absence of recycling systems, and
• not properly run landfill sites.

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• CURRENT SITUATION
• MSW management is under the Municipalities Law
• Recycling exists at a rate of appr. 3
• There are 7 official landfills, none of which
  complies fully with the Landfill of Waste
  Directive 99/31/EC
• Uncontrolled disposal takes place in rural areas
• There is no waste sorting at source
•  

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• MEASURES TAKEN ON THE STRATEGIC LEVEL
• The Strategic Plan for the Management of Solid
  and Hazardous Waste has been recently approved by
  the Council of Ministers
• It provides all the tools and ways for an
  integrated management of all the waste streams
•  

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• The Strategic Plan for the Management of
  Solid and Hazardous Waste was the result of a
  study covering, among others, the following
  elements
• Analysis of the Cyprus and EU legislation waste
  mgt
• Classification of solid waste according to the
  European waste list
• Definition of targets
• Existing situation
• Technologies, methods and procedures
• Sources of waste
• Description of special waste
• Analysis of targets concerning reuse, recycling
  and recovery

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• MEASURES TAKEN ON THE STRATEGIC LEVEL
• Municipal solid waste
• Main proposal of the Strategic Plan is the
  creation of 4 Regional Centres for MSW management

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• MEASURES TAKEN ON THE STRATEGIC LEVEL
• In each Regional Centre, the following actions
  will be accordingly made
• Landfill site, Sorting plan, Biogas collection
  Energy recovery, Biodegradable waste treatment,
  Transfer station, Demolition waste disposal,
  Asbestos waste disposal, etc

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• MEASURES TAKEN ON THE STRATEGIC LEVEL
• Hazardous waste
• A treatment unit is proposed, covering the needs
  for storage, sorting, classification,
  neutralization, controlled disposal of sludge,
  exporting, etc

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• MEASURES TAKEN ON THE LEGISLATIVE LEVEL
• There are already in place
• Solid and Hazardous Waste Law
• The Law on Packaging and Packaging Waste
• End-of-Life Vehicles, IPPC, Asbestos, Municipal
  waste incineration, Shipment of waste, etc
• Regulations Used oils, Use of sludge, Batteries
  and accumulators, PCBs/PCTs, Landfill Sites,
  Producers Responsibility, Inspectors duties, etc

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• MEASURES TAKEN ON THE LEGISLATIVE LEVEL
• There are already in place
• Ministerial Orders for
• Waste List
• Waste Registry
• Identification of Dangerous Waste
• Application for Waste Management License

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• NECESSARY LEGISLATIVE CHANGES REMAIN
• Regulations to come in force on
• Used tyres,
• Electrical and Electronic waste,
• Demolition and Construction waste,
• Agricultural and husbandry waste,
• Clinic waste,
• Toxic and dangerous waste,
• Dentists waste, etc

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Ongoing measures for Paphos District
• The organisation of the Regional Centre for waste
  management is under way
• The landfill and a transfer station are expected
  to operate by the end of 2004
• Tender procedures are in progress for a sorting
  plan, and treatment of the biodegradable fraction

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Ongoing measures for Larnaca District
• Siting, EIA study, designing and tender documents
  for the Regional Centre for waste management is
  in progress
• The landfill and two transfer stations are
  expected to operate by June 2006
• Tender procedures are in progress for a sorting
  plan, and treatment of the biodegradable fraction

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Ongoing measures for Lefkosia District
• Procedures already initiated to
• Upgrade the major existing landfill of Kotsiatis
  serving almost 275.000 population
• Main target is to have a state of the art
  organised Regional Centre, comprising of a
  landfill, a sorting plan, and treatment of the
  biodegradable fraction
• The works are expected to operate by end 2006

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Ongoing measures for Limassol District
• Procedures already initiated to
• Upgrade the major existing landfill of Vati
  serving almost 250.000 population
• Main target is to have a state of the art
  organised Regional Centre, comprising of a
  landfill, a sorting plan, and treatment of the
  biodegradable fraction
• The works are expected to operate by end 2006

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Ongoing measures in general
• Procedures already initiated to close down
  uncontrolled landfills and restore them (100)

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Ongoing measures
• A LIFE program is in progress dealing with
• End-of life vehicles
• Construction and demolition waste
• Electrical and electronic equipment waste

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Main challenge remain
• LAWS AND REGULATIONS IS ONE PART OF THE STORY
• BUT, THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS THE ENFORCEMENT
  AND IMPLEMENTATION!!

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Ongoing measures
• Further studies on waste are being initiated
• Used tyres
• Construction and demolition waste in all
  districts
• Asbestos landfill sites

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• NECESSARY INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES EXPECTED TO
  BE DONE
• THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY IS IN
  THE PIPELINE
• THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
  AND RESEARCH INSTUTUTE IS ON STREAM

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt Relevant Studies Undertaken

• A. Household Recycling LIFE TCY 99/CY/041
• Demonstration of necessity of integrated
  waste management techniques focusing on recycling
  of paper, glass, aluminium and plastic.
• Building of public-private ownership
• Cultivation of public awareness on waste
  management
• Cost-benefit analysis on recycling household
  waste
• Transfer of best practices and know-how from
  abroad.

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt Relevant Studies Undertaken

• B. Establishment of a Packaging and Packaging
  Waste Management System
• Mainly the study proposed the establishment of an
  Integrated Management System for the prevention,
  collection, reuse, recycling and exports of
  packaging and packaging waste.
• Review of Current Situation
• Estimation of Packaging quantities and packaging
  waste
• Review of the Institutional Framework
• Formulation of Strategy (description of the
  system, cost benefit analysis, public awareness)

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt Relevant Studies Undertaken

• C. Batteries and Accumulators Waste Management
• D. Recycling of Municipal waste in tourists and
  urban areas
• E. Toxic and Hazardous Materials Management, etc

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt Implementation of the Law on
Packaging Waste

• Measures to promote recycling
• After a proposal to the Council of Ministers,
  measures for the promotion of recycling was
  approved
• The establishment of recycling infrastructure in
  the municipalities (purchasing services from the
  private sector for recycling ( bins
  transportation sorting treatment EURO 2.4 M)
• Financial aid to the recycling companies (EURO
  1.4 M)
• Enhancement of the cooperation between recycling
  companies and the municipalities/communities

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The Cyprus Strategies Experience on Solid and
Hazardous Waste Mgt

• Thank you for your attention !