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MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY:

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1. How to integrate technology into objectives. 2. How to get in and out of technologies faster ... 1. Productive Cottage Industry to Factory (18th Century) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY:


1
MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY
  • THE NEW
  • PARADIGMS

2
Industry Needs in MOT Identified by National
Research Council (1987)
  • 1. How to integrate technology into objectives
  • 2. How to get in and out of technologies faster
    more efficiently
  • 3. How to evaluate technology more effectively
  • 4. How best to accomplish technology transfer
  • 5. How to ? new product development time

3
Industry Needs in MOT Identified by National
Research Council (1987)
  • 6. How to manage interdisciplinary projects
  • or systems
  • 7. How to manage organizations internal use of
    technology
  • 8. How to leverage effectiveness of technical
  • professionals

4
Technology Its Enablers
  • Issues falling under the scope of MOT can be
    categorized as follows
  • Methods tools for effective management of
    resources
  • Ability of Business environment to manage the
    interface between organization and external
    environment

5
Technology Its Enablers
  • Structure Management of Organizations
  • Management of RD and engineering projects
  • Management of human resources under rapid
    technological social changes

6
Stages in New Product/Technology Life Cycle
  • Idea Generation Concept Definition
  • Market Analysis
  • Technical Analysis
  • Business Plan Approval
  • Developing Testing
  • Production
  • Commercialization
  • Disposal or Recycling

7
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 1. RESOURCES
  • - Methods of Performance Assessment
  • - Measure of Performance of a Technology
  • - Measure of Benefits from RD Activities
  • - New Tools for Optimizing Decisions
  • - Alliances as Alternatives to Rivalry

8
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 2. THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
  • - Integration of Technological Strategic
  • Plans
  • - Impact of 3rd Parties on Technological
  • Change
  • - ? Users Influence in Selection
  • Application of Technology

9
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 2. THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
  • - ? Social Resistance to New Technology in
  • Workplace
  • - Gain Acceptance by Distributing Benefits
  • of New Technology
  • - Other Areas of Concern to the Firm

10
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 3. THE STRUCTURE MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATION
  • - Factors Leading to Reorganization of
  • Technological Activities in Firms
  • - Evaluating the Impacts of Reorganization
  • on Technical Activities
  • - Effects of Different Organizational
  • Structures on the Efficiency of Product
  • Development Cycle

11
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 4. THE STRUCTURE MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATION
  • - Technological Innovations Transfers within
    Organizations - Facilitators Inhibitors
  • - Documentation of the Decision Process Leading
    to Organizational Changes

12
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 4. PROJECT PLANNING MANAGEMENT
  • - Project Portfolio Selection
  • - Initiation of Innovative Ideas in
  • Organizations (Top Down or Bottom Up)
  • - Human Problems in Project Management
  • - Postmortem Analysis of Projects

13
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 5. MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES
  • - Effects of Technological Change on the Skill
    Requirements of the Workforce
  • - Matching Training the Skilled Workforce to
    Meet the Requirements of New Technologies
  • - Professional Staff Obsolescence ? Continuous
    Need for Professional Development Activities

14
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 5. MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES
  • - Role of Technological Gatekeepers Internal
    Entrepreneurs
  • - Social Consequences of Technological Change
  • - Other Areas Reward Programs, Worker-machine
    Interaction, transition from specialist to
    manager

15
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 6. USES IN ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDIES
  • - Applicability of issue to case being
  • studied
  • - List Prioritize Issues to be Considered
  • - Check if Company has Plan Related to
  • Issues
  • - Examine Current Methodology

16
Essential Issues In Managing Technology
  • 6. USES IN ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDIES
  • - Critically Evaluate Current Methodology
  • - Develop Plan Propose Methodology if
  • None Exist Related to Issue
  • - Propose Implementation Procedure
  • - Indicate How Results Will be Measured

17
8 MOT GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR MANAGING ENTERPRISES
  • Value Creation
  • Quality
  • Responsiveness
  • Agility
  • Innovation
  • Integration
  • Teaming
  • Fairness

18
Shifts in Paradigms of Good Management Practice
  • 1. Productive Cottage Industry to Factory (18th
    Century)
  • 2. Interchangeable parts in production (Mid 19th
    Century)
  • 3. Accounting Practice for Costs of Production
    (19th Century)
  • 4. Concept of Scientific Management (19th
    Century)
  • 5. Concept of Assembly-line Production (1920s)

19
Shifts in Paradigms of Good Management Practice
  • 6. Focus on Quality of Production (After WWII)
  • 7. Computers Communications as Service
  • Technologies (After WWII) - Managing with
    Technology
  • 8. Deliberate Creation of Technological Change
    Innovation (2nd half of 20th Century)
  • 9. Management of Product Change due to
    Multi-critical technology product lines
    (currently)

20
Conditions for a New Paradigm
  • ? direct cost of production
  • Management regarded as decision makers, and labor
    as passive followers
  • Operations of an enterprise could be analyzed as
    a stable set of unit operations
  • Production economies require large volumes of
    standardized products on assembly lines with
    fixed automation

21
Conditions for a New Paradigm
  • Single critical-technology-based product lines
    will have long product lifetimes, providing long
    periods of stability in organizations
  • Dividing world markets on a national basis, with
    national firms dominating the domestic markets

22
Requirements of MOT Paradigm for Management
  • 1. Reduction in indirect cost to the enterprise
    while improving competitiveness
  • 2. Use of decentralized, multi-functional, and
    multi-disciplinary teams for productive
    activities
  • 3. Flexibility, agility, and continuous
    improve-ment in production conditions by the
    enterprise

23
Requirements of MOT Paradigm for Management
  • 4. Equally important economies of scope as
    economies of scale, and appropriate balance
    between hard soft automation
  • 5. Product lines will have shorter product
    lifetimes, and should therefore be planned as
    generation of products
  • 6. Enterprises should be globally poised to
    think globally and act locally

24
Drivers of Change in the 21st Century
  • Technology
  • Changes in the Business Environment
  • Communication, Integration, Collaboration
  • Strategic Direction of Industry
  • Changes in Organizational Structure
  • Financial Sector Structure
  • Education Training
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