ALL MUSIC HAS VALUE TO SOMEBODY

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ALL MUSIC HAS VALUE TO SOMEBODY
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What is Music?
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What is Music?

• The Organization of Sound in Time

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What is Music?

• The Organization of Sound in Time
• Sound
• Time
• Organization

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Hearing vs Listening

• Passive listening (hearing) - being mildly aware
  of sound
• Active listening - concentrating on sounds.

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Properties of Objects

• Size
• Shape
• Color
• Texture

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Elements of Music

• Pitch
• Duration
• Dynamics
• Timbre

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Pitch

• High or low sounds (notes)

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Pitch

• High or low sounds (notes)
• Melody - the tune. A series of pitches heard
  one at a time.
• Motive - a short, instantly recognizable idea.
  Like a musical "word". Usually, a melody consists
  of several motives.

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Pitch

• Harmony Two or more sounds heard at the same
  time. Chords.
• Consonant - stable sound
• Dissonant - unstable sound

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Pitch

• Interval - The distance between two pitches.
• Conjunct - step (small interval)
• Disjunct - leap (large interval)

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Pitch

• Vibrato - a rapid, slight variation of pitch.
• Produces a stronger, richer tone.
• Done by voices and instruments (many, but not
  all).

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Pitch

• Phrase - Part of a melody - when singing, as much
  as you sing in one breath

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Pitch

• Shape - the contour of a melody - mapping out the
  highs and lows.

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Pitch

• Cadence - Resting place. Complete (final /
  permanent) or incomplete (temporary or a mid-way
  pause).
• A phrase will often end with a cadence.

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Duration

• The element of time.

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Duration

• Beat - the steady pulse that flows through a
  piece of music.
• Fast or slow
• May be easy to hear (or feel), or it may not be.
• Nonmetric - If the beat is not evident.

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Duration

• Meter - how the beats are grouped.
• Most often in either in 2, 3 or 4 (most common)
• Usually first beat is accented.
• Occasionally, meter is in another grouping.

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Duration

• Tempo - the speed of the beats.
• Fast or slow.
• Remember, the beat usually remains steady

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Duration

• Rhythm - a pattern of beats and accents, shorts
  and longs.
• Often the rhythm is a pattern that repeats.

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Duration

• Syncopation - when the emphasis falls on a beat
  that is normally not accented.
• An exception in classical music, but a feature
  of popular music.

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Dynamics

• Volume. Loud or soft
• The relative loudness or softness.
• Relative - loud to a flute is not the same as
  loud to a trumpet!

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Dynamics

• p piano - soft
• f forte - strong (or loud)
• Mezzo- medium or half
• -issimo very

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Dynamics

• pp pianissimo
• p piano
• mp mezzo-piano
• mf mezzo-forte
• f forte
• ff fortissimo

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Dynamics

• pp - p - mp - - mf - f - ff
• -3 -2 -1 (0) 1 2 3

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Dynamics

• Crescendo - gradual increase in volume
• Decrescendo - gradual decrease in volume
• Subito - sudden change in volume

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Timbre

• A description of the actual sounds you are
  hearing.

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Timbre

• Timbre can be a list of the instruments or voices
  that you hear.
• Timbre can also refer to the variations in tone
  color of a specific instrument (a bright guitar
  or dark voice).