Monitoring and Modelling Coastal Lagoons: Making Management Tools for Aquatic Resources in North Afr

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Monitoring and Modelling Coastal Lagoons Making
Management Tools for Aquatic Resources in North
Africa
MELMARINA
A Prototype Geographical Information System of
the Manzala Lagoon By Dr. Noha Donia  
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What is GIS?
Geographic Information System "An organised
collection of computer hardware, software,
geographic data, and personnel designed to
efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate,
analyse, and display all forms of geographically
referenced data."
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Objective

• Construction of An integrated information system
  for water quality management of Nile Delta
  Coastal Zone Wetlands.
• Identification of the sensitive areas in lake
  Manzala using the spatial presentation of all
  multidiscipline variables.
• Generate summary statistics for the prediction of
  the overall trend in the lake of different
  monitored parameters during the 15 months period
  of the project.

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Construction of GIS of the Manzala lagoon
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The (IDW) interpolation method
V
Where v are the sample values, d are the
distances from the p samples.
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Base Map of the Study Area
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Drainage Network
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Spatial Distribution of Salinity along Manzala
Lagoon
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Spatial Clustering and Area Calculation
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Eutrophication Classification of Manzala Lagoon
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Geographic Information System Geographic stands
for Spatial data This data must be referenced in
space and displaced In the form of a
map. Information stands for a data with added
knowledge It included data which has been
transformed. System refers to the integration of
user and machine To provide information for
decision making.
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GIS
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a
powerful tool that is being used to analyze
satellite images, aerial photographs and hard
copy maps to derive information and create
solutions for a specific problem by using
definite criteria. The GIS system is very
powerful for analysis and creation of models that
incorporates the relations between the different
features on the surface and its effect on the
environment. GIS can be used to perform a
number of fundamental spatial analysis
operations. Its major advantage is that it allows
the user to identify the spatial relationships
between various map features.
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Objective

• The spatial distribution of different
  measurements and and for qualitatively
  description of all different parameters.
• Production of thematic layers by using the
  deterministic method (point estimation
  techniques) for the interpolation between
  variables .
• Also GIS has been used for displaying all
  multidiscipline variables on a geographically
  registered map and in colour to correspond with
  varying levels.

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• Spatial modeling
• With GIS software we can model different
  scenarios describing and predicting for example
  the effects of a discharge of a contaminant into
  the environment. Also, using input data from an
  oil drift model and environmental data, we can
  analyze the risk and potential severity of oil
  contamination of vulnerable biological resources.
• Spatial modeling is also used to visualize and
  analyze the anticipated effects of a proposed
  industrial installation on the environment. We
  can then determine and quantify which animal
  species, vegetation types or other resources most
  likely to be affected.

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Data analysis and querying During the planning of
a particular development, several technological,
economical and environmental criteria must be
fulfilled before the physical work can begin. In
this process spatial analysis with the help of a
GIS is a huge benefit. When planning the
construction of a new road with minimal impact to
the environment, we may be interested in finding
land with a particular geology and topography,
located at least 100 m from vulnerable resources.
Using a simple query, the GIS can quickly and
efficiently identify which areas satisfy these
criteria. It is also possible to use the GIS to
find the shortest path between two points with
consideration to the above criteria.