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Arthritis and Other Joint Conditions

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Diagnosis: joint examination, medical history, several tests ... Physical Therapy: exercise, heat/cold, massage. Occupational Therapy ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Arthritis and Other Joint Conditions


1
Arthritis and Other Joint Conditions
2
Arthritis Types
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • OsteoArthritis
  • Infectious (Septic) Arthritis

3
Other Joint Conditions
  • Gout
  • Pseudogout
  • Torn/Strained Ligaments
  • Torn Cartilage
  • Tendinitis
  • Bursitis

4
Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Description
  • Inflames Synovial Membranes in joint
  • Abnormal Immune System Activity
  • Synovial Tissue Thickens
  • Causes ongoing inflammation and cartilage
    breakdown

5
Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Symptoms Pain, stiffness, swelling in joints of
    hands, wrists, elbows, feet, ankles, knees, and
    neck
  • Diagnosis joint examination, medical history,
    several tests
  • Risk Factors Age, Gender (female), genetic
    susceptibility, smoking

6
Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Treatment
  • Physical Therapy exercise, heat/cold, massage
  • Occupational Therapy
  • Biofeedback (to control pain)
  • Counselling
  • Accupuncture
  • Supplements
  • Blood Filtering (severe cases)

7
OsteoArthritis
  • Description Cartilage breakdown in joints
    eventually can cause bone damage
  • Symptoms pain in joints, limited Range of
    Motion, tenderness/swelling, creaking joints,
    deformity

8
OsteoArthritis
  • Diagnosis Physical Exam, X-Rays, Blood Tests
  • Risk Factors Age, Gender (female), previous
    joint injuries, obesity, weak thigh muscles (for
    knee), contracting gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or
    hemochromatosis

9
OsteoArthritis
  • Treatment
  • Medications NSAIDS, Acetomeniphen,
    corticosteroids, hyaluron injections
  • Surgery arthroscopy, osteomoty, joint
    replacement, hip replacement, arthrodesis (fusing)

10
Infectious/Septic Arthritis
  • Description joint inflammation as a result of an
    infection by bacteria, virus, parasites, or
    fungi can damage tissue
  • Symptoms joint pain, redness, swelling,
    decreased ROM, weight loss, fatigue, fever/chills

11
Infectious/Septic Arthritis
  • Diagnosis blood tests, bone scans, X-Rays, MRI,
    CT scans, Bone Biopsy
  • Risk Factors weakened immune system, metal
    inplants (joints, screws), diabetes, removed
    spleen, gonorrhea, rheumatoid arthritis,
    immuno-depressant drugs

12
Infectious/Septic Arthritis
  • Treatment
  • Treat infection antibiotics, antiviral drugs
  • Drain fluid around joint
  • Surgery

13
Gout
  • Description High concentration of urate crystals
    in blood
  • Symptoms inflammation/tenderness, pain, redness
    (usually in the foot)
  • Diagnosis Urine Tests, Blood Tests

14
Gout
  • Risk FactorsExcessive alcohol consumption, High
    BP, Diabetes, High cholesterol, Genetics, Age,
    Gender (male)
  • Treatment
  • Medication NSAIDS, corticosteroids, uric acid
    lowering medications
  • Adjust diet and alcohol consumption

15
Pseudogout
  • Description Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate
    crystals in blood
  • Symptoms inflammation, tenderness, redness,
    joint pain
  • Diagnosis X-Rays, Joint fluid analysis

16
Pseudogout
  • Risk Factors Age, Joint trama, Genetic disorder,
    Excess iron in blood
  • Treatment
  • Medications NSAIDS, Colchicine
  • Joint Aspiration
  • Rest

17
Torn/Strained Ligaments
  • Description Stretched/Torn Ligaments (ligaments
    hold bones together in a joint)
  • Symptoms Pain, Swelling. Limited mobility, Joint
    instability
  • Diagnosis Physical Exam, X-Rays, MRI

18
Torn/Strained Ligaments
  • Risk Factors Previous injury, loose ligaments
  • Treatment
  • RICE
  • Rehabilitation
  • Medication NSAIDS
  • Surgery

19
Torn Cartilage
  • Description torn cartilage (cartilage is the
    soft tissue between bone ends in a joint)
  • Symptoms instant pain, swelling, locked joint
  • Diagnosis Physical Exam, MRI

20
Torn Cartilage
  • Risk Factors none known
  • Treatment
  • Rehabilitation
  • Arthroscopic Surgery
  • Invasive Surgery

21
Tendinitis
  • Description inflammation of or microtears in
    tendon (tendon connects muscle to bone)
  • Symptoms gradually increasing pain, sore to
    touch, swelling, stiffness
  • Diagnosis Physical Exam, Medical/ Activity
    History, MRI, X-Rays

22
Tendinitis
  • Risk Factors repetitive tasks
  • Treatment
  • Ice/Heat
  • Cho-Pat Straps
  • NSAIDS
  • Surgery

23
Bursitis
  • Description Swelling of the bursa (fluid pouch
    around joint)
  • Symptoms Swell/Pain when pressure applied, pain,
    stiffness
  • Diagnosis Physical Exam, Medical History, Draw
    Bursa Fluid for testing

24
Bursitis
  • Risk Factors Repetitive tasks people who work
    on their knees (carpet layers, roofers,
    gardeners)
  • Treatment
  • Medications NSAIDS, Corticosteroids
  • Ice
  • Drain extra fluids
  • Surgery
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