Female Reproductive System

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Chapter 8

• Female Reproductive System

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Female Reproductive System Function

• Produces the female egg cells and
• hormones
• Provides for conception and pregnancy

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Female Reproductive Organs
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Female Reproductive System
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Female Reproductive System

• ovaries pair of almond-shaped organs located in
  the pelvic cavity. Egg cells are stored in the
  ovaries
• ovum (pl. ova) female sex cell
• fallopian tubes pair of 5-inch tubes attached to
  the uterus that provide a passageway for the ovum
  to move from the ovary to the uterus
• Fimbria (pl. fimbriae) finger-like projection at
  the free end of the fallopian tube

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Female Breast
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Female Reproductive System (contd)

• uterus pear-sized and pear-shaped muscular organ
  that lies in the pelvic cavity (except during
  pregnancy) functions are menstruation,
  pregnancy, and labor
• endometrium inner lining of the uterus
• myometrium muscular middle layer of uterus
• perimetrium thin outer layer of uterus
• corpus, or body large central portion of uterus

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Female Reproductive System (contd)

• uterus (contd)
• fundus rounded upper portion of the uterus
• cervix narrow lower portion of uterus
• vagina 3-inch tube that connects the uterus to
  the outside of the body
• hymen fold of membrane found near the opening of
  the vagina

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Female Reproductive System (contd)

• rectouterine pouch (Douglas cul-de-sac) pouch
  between the posterior wall of the uterus and the
  anterior wall of the rectum
• Bartholin glands pair of mucus-producingglands
  located on each side of the vagina and just above
  the vaginal opening
• vulva or external genitals two pairs of lips
  (labia major and labia minora) that surround the
  vagina

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Female Reproductive System (contd)

• It is important to remember that the
  rectouterine pouch is also called the Douglas
  cul-de-sac for the definitions of medical terms
  built from the word part culd/o

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Female Reproductive System (contd)

• clitoris highly erogenous erectile body located
  anterior to the urethra
• perineum pelvic floor in both males and females

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Combining Forms for the Female Reproductive System

• hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i, uter/o
• mamm/o, mast/o
• men/o
• oophor/o
• perine/o
• salping/o

• arche/o
• cervic/o, trachel/o
• colp/o, vagin/o
• culd/o
• episi/o, vulv/o
• gyn/o, gynec/o
• hymen/o

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Prefix and Suffixes

• Prefix
• peri- surrounding (outer)
• Suffixes
• -atresia absence of a normal body opening
  occlusion closure
• -ial pertaining to
• -salpinx fallopian tube

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Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts

• amenorrhea
• cervicitis
• colpitis
• endometritis
• hematosalpinx
• hysteratresia
• mastitis
• menometrorrhagia

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Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts
(contd)

• metrorrhea
• myometritis
• oophoritis
• pyosalpinx
• salpingitis
• salpingocele
• vaginitis
• vulvovaginitis

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Salpinx
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• (fallopian tube) / (inflammation)

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Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word
Parts (contd)

• adenomyosis
• breast cancer
• cervical cancer
• endometrial cancer
• endometriosis
• fibrocystic breast disease
• ovarian cancer
• pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
• toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

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Endometriosis
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Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts

• cervicectomy
• colpoperineorrhaphy
• episoperineoplasty
• episiorrhaphy
• hysterectomy
• hysteropexy
• hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
• mastectomy

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• (uterus) / cv / (fallopian tubes) / cv / (ovary)
  / (excision)

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• (fallopian tube) / cv / (ovary) / (excision)

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• Bilateral (fallopian tube) / cv / (ovary) /
  (excision)

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• (uterus) / (excision)

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Surgical Terms Not Built from Word Parts

• anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A P
  repair)
• dilation and curettage (D C)
• laparoscopy or laparoscopic surgery
• tubal ligation
• sentinal lymph node biopsy
• stereotactic breast biopsy

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Mammogram

• Arrow points to lesion confirmed by biopsy.

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Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts

• Diagnostic imaging
• hysterosalpingogram
• mammogram
• sonohysterography
• Endoscopy
• colposcopy
• hysteroscopy

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Diagnostic Term Not Built from Word Parts

• Culdocentesis surgical puncture to remove fluid
  from the Douglas cul-de-sac

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Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts

• gynecologist
• leukorrhea
• mastalgia
• mastoptosis
• oligomenorrhea
• vaginal
• vulvovaginal

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Complementary Terms Not Built From Word Parts

• estrogen replacement therapy (ERT)
• fistula
• menopause
• premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
• speculum

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Abbreviations

• A P repair
• Cx
• D C
• ERT
• FBD
• GYN
• PID

• PMS
• SHG
• TAH/BSO
• TSS
• TVH
• TVS