Automatic stability analyses for beverage emulsions

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Automatic stability analyses for beverage
emulsions
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Beverage emulsions
Dairy products

• Products
• milk
• flavoured milk (chocolate, coffee, fruit
  juice,)
• enriched milk (calcium, minerals, vitamins, )
• nutritional formula
• Colloidal instabilities
• creaming of fat globules
• flocculation of casein micelles
• aggregation of fat globules (depletion
  flocculation) increasing creaming rate
• aggregation and sedimentation of particles
  (cocoa, calcium, etc.)

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Beverage emulsions
Soft drinks

• Products
• concentrated emulsions
• soda
• fruit juices
• Colloidal instabilities
• creaming
• ring formation
• sedimentation of pulp

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Beverage emulsions
Need for an accurate and objective technique to
measure stability of beverage emulsions
Turbiscan technology
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Multiple Light Scattering

BSk(1/l)
lk(d/f)
Backscattering
Transport length of the photon
With k (dh) dh detector height
With d particle mean diameter f volume
fraction
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Multiple Light Scattering - Effect of the volume
fraction-
DILUTED REGIME
CONCENTRATED REGIME
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Multiple Light Scattering - Effect of the
particle size -
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Principle of measurement
Acquisition of the - Transmitted flux
(T) and - Backscattered flux (BS)
Analysis of diluted to concentrated products
1 Acquisition every 40 µm
High vertical resolution
One scan lasts 20 seconds
Measurement of fast destabilisations
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Principle of measurement
One scan
Multi scans
Acquisition time of each profile
Backscattering ()
Height (mm)
Height (mm)
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Principle of measurement
Particle size variation
Particle migration
Coalescence or flocculation
Sedimentation or creaming
t0 min
t0 min
t15 min
t15 min
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Beverage applications
Migration of particles in milk

• Problem
• Addition of particles in milk (flavours,
  minerals, etc.)
• Pigments tend to settle because of density
  difference
• Solutions
• Increase viscosity
• Use stabiliser
• Monitor the sedimentation of the particles in an
  opaque system

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Beverage applications
Migration of calcium particles in milk
Sediment thickness kinetics
Sedimentation
Phase thickness (mm)
Clarification
Time (d)
Migration velocity 0.003 mm/h
? Objective measurement on invisible sediment
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Beverage applications
Choice of optimal stabiliser

• Problems
• Many colloidal instabilities taking place
  simultaneously (creaming, sedimentation,
  flocculation, )
• Find the most suitable stabiliser
• Solutions
• Prepare many formulations
• Test their stability
• Identify and monitor the effect of different
  stabilisers on destabilisation phenomena

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Beverage applications
Choice of optimal stabiliser

• Sedimentation compute migration velocity
• Creaming follow phase thickness of cream layer
• Aggregation monitor particle size increase

Creaming
Sedimentation
Aggregation
Clarification
? Different parameters for different phenomena
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Beverage applications
Choice of optimal stabiliser
Sedimentation
Aggregation
Stabiliser 1 Stabiliser 2 Stabiliser 3
Creaming
? Stabiliser 3 is the most efficient
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Beverage applications
Flavour emulsions for soft drink

• Typical formulation of flavour emulsion
• Essential oils (neutral oil, vitamins, colors) 6
  - 10
• Weighting agent(Damar gum, Esterified
  colophany, SAIB) 6 - 10
• INSTANTGUM 40693 15 - 20
• or EFICACIA 75000 4 7
• Water up to 100
• Coloring agent ()
• () Coloring agent water soluble (artificial)
  or oil soluble (carotene, oleoresin)

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Beverage applications
Flavour emulsions for soft drink
Preparation of flavour emulsion
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Beverage applications
Flavour emulsions for soft drink
Stabilisation of flavour emulsion
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Beverage applications
Flavour emulsions for soft drink
Typical unstable emulsion
Typical stable emulsion
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Beverage applications
Ring formation in soft drink

• Problem
• Creaming of oil phase in diluted drink
• Formation of a ring at the top of the drink
• Solutions
• Increase density of oil phase (weighting agent)
• Use stabiliser
• Detect the ring formation on soft drink

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Beverage applications
Ring formation in soft drink
Ring
Delta BS ()
Density of the oil phase
? Detection of the ring in only 12 hours
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Beverage applications
Automated analyses

• Automatic handling with robot (80 runs per hour)
• Automatic data processing on whole group of
  samples
• Automatic sorting of samples with warning level
• Automatic reporting

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Conclusion
The Turbiscan technology is

• Easy to use
• Reliable
• Time saving
• Objective

• So you have more time and information to focus
  on formulation