Phytosanitary Risk Analysis the New Zealand Experience

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Phytosanitary Risk Analysis the New Zealand
Experience

• Dr Mike Ormsby
• Senior Adviser Risk Analysis
• Biosecurity New Zealand
• October 2005

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Overview

• Scope of the New Zealand phytosanitary risk
  analysis system
• The international regulatory framework in
  phytosanitary trade issues as it applies to New
  Zealand
• The New Zealand phytosanitary risk analysis
  system
• A risk management decision making framework, and
  input from risk analysis.

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Scope of NZ Phytosanitary RAs

• All pests of plants (phytosanitary)
• All commodities on which pests of plants may pose
  a risk (e.g. plant material, animal material,
  inanimate objects)
• Consequences for pests of plants includes impacts
  on all values (e.g.
• Environment (urban, natural, flora, fauna, marine
  (amenity values))
• Health (human (societal) physical and emotional
  health (cultural, aesthetic conditions etc))
• Economic (primary production, environmental,
  direct and indirect))

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International regulatory framework

• New Zealand is a signatory to three international
  agreements relevant to the management of
  phytosanitary-related trade issues.
• The agreement of sanitary and phytosanitary
  measures (SPS agreement)
• International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
• The Convention for Biological Diversity (CBD)

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SPS Agreement

• SPS Agreement enables sanitary and phytosanitary
  measures to be taken, in the context of trade, to
  protect human, animal or plant life or health,
  provided that those measures either conform to
  international standards OR are scientifically
  justified on the basis of assessment of risks

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International regulatory framework
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Outcomes

• New Zealands phytosanitary RA framework must be
  
• consistent with the IPPC standards where measures
  are to be applied to protect plant health
• meet the requirements of the SPS when developing
  measures to protect all other values potentially
  impacted by plant pests e.g. animal or human
  health, or the environment

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System Design Parameters

• The New Zealand risk analysis framework must
  meet
• 1. International Requirements
• combine both the OIE and IPPC frameworks
• meet IPPC and SPS requirements
• 2. Domestic Expectations
• be Effective, Efficient, Transparent, and
  Consistent
• mitigate risks to all values.

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NZ phytosanitary risk analysis system
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NZ phytosanitary risk analysis system

• Project Planning
• Project Plan (e.g. time lines, deliverables etc)
• Communication Strategy (e.g. peer review,
  consultation etc)
• Risk Criteria
• (e.g. Hazard Potential hazard or Not a
  potential hazard
• Consequence Negligible or Non-Negligible
• Likelihoods Negligible or Non-Negligible)
• Hazard Identification
• Hazard Scoping (e.g. grouping like hazards)

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NZ phytosanitary risk analysis system

• Risk Analysis
• Risk Assessment (Risk Consequence x Likelihood
  (of each identified hazard))
• Overall Risk Estimation (for each hazard)
• Assessment of Uncertainty (for assumptions and
  risk estimates)
• Evaluation of Mitigation Options (against the
  acceptable level of risk)
• Assessment of Residual Risk (what risk is left?)
• Peer Review (by external experts)

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NZ phytosanitary risk analysis system

• Close Out
• Consultation
• Close out report (report on things that went
  wrong, and things that went right)
• Records Management (ensure supporting information
  is maintained for future review)

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Risk management decision making framework
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Uncertainty and Residual Risk

• Identifying Uncertainty
• Aids in identifying weaknesses in analysis
• Aids in developing research priorities in support
  of risk analysis
• Measuring Residual Risk
• Aids in monitoring effectiveness of measures
  (know what failure is)
• Informs risk management decision maker

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CONCLUSION

• It is possible to adapt existing risk assessment
  frameworks (IPPC and OIE) to address all
  (phytosanitary and other) biological risks from
  pests of plants
• Project management disciplines aid significantly
  in delivering consistency and efficiency to the
  risk analysis program.
• The risk analysis program can independently
  inform the risk management decision making process

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Protecting New Zealands natural advantage
New Zealanders, our unique natural resources, our
plants and animals are protected from damaging
pests and diseases.
Dr Mike Ormsby Biosecurity New Zealand