Celebrating Ozone Layer Protection: The Prelude to a Sustainable Climate

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Celebrating Ozone Layer Protection The Prelude
to a Sustainable Climate

• Stephen O. Andersen
• K. Madhava Sarma
• Kristen N. Taddonio

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International Ozone Day!

• Celebrating the Montreal Protocol
• Considered the Most Successful Environmental
  Treaty
• Protecting the Earth Against Harmful UVB
  Radiation
• Preventing Skin Cancer, Cataracts, Suppression of
  the Human Immune System and Damage to
  Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems
• Demonstrating that Global Action is Possible
• Giving Hope for a Sustainable Prosperity
• A World Safe for Future Generations

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Congratulations Nepal!

• Montreal Protocol Leadership
• Unwavering Support for Fast Strong Actions
• Celebrated Enforcement of ODS Import Control
• Proving Every Country Can Do Its Part!

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Montreal Protocol Results

• Excellent compliance and every indication that
  the ozone layer will recover if we stay the
  course
• More than 240 sectors with products once
  dependent on ODSs halted most uses within ten
  years
• Many alternatives are lower cost, more reliable,
  more durable, and less hazardous to manufacture
  and dispose
• Montreal Protocol protects the climate too
• Accelerated phaseout of HCFCs to speed the
  recovery of the ozone layer, helps the climate,
  and saves money
• The phase down of high-GWP HFCs will demonstrate
  inter-treaty cooperation recognizing we have just
  one atmosphere

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Common but Differentiated Responsibility

• The Protocol recognizes common but differential
  responsibility for causing and solving
  stratospheric ozone depletion
• Keys to developing country success
• Ten year (or greater) grace periods for
  developing countries (Protocol Article 5)
• Technology transfer (Article 10A)
• Financial mechanism to meet incremental costs of
  implementation by developing countries (Article
  10)

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The Financial MechanismIs More than Funding

• Enables immediate action
• Spurs industry to develop ozone-friendly
  alternatives and make the switch
• Raises awareness
• Pushes countries to develop national goals and
  phaseout plans -- sometimes with goals more
  aggressive that the Protocol controls
• Helps countries establish regulations and
  policies to promote technology change

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Country Focal Points Networks

• Information and awareness are critical to the
  success of investment projects
• An ozone office or focal point in each developing
  country helps compliance and implementation
  efforts
• International and regional networks share
  important experiences, exchange knowledge, and
  develop skills
• Training is available for top-level government
  officials, industrial executives and technicians
  on alternative technologies, servicing, and more

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Funding Phaseout

• Funding started a decade before the first
  developing country control measuresjump-starting
  technology
• Aggressive developing country schedules phased
  out ODSs faster than mandated by the Protocol
• Production caps, products bans, taxes and fees,
  and label were powerful incentives

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Freedom, Flexibility, Equity

• Freedom to interpret incremental costs
• Freedom for approved bilateral projects
• Flexibility of assistance activities
• Flexibility to experiment with new techniques
• Equity in developing and developed country
  representation on MLF Executive Committee Voting
  not proportional to contributions
• Confident three-year replenishment process

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Conclusion

• Even the poorest countries confidently and cost
  effectively phase out ODSs
• Technology change occurred faster and cheaper
  than predicted
• Ozone success has many lessons for preventing
  climate change

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Lessons for Protecting Climate

• Use the Montreal Protocol to Protect Climate
• Start Strengthen
• Learn by Doing
• Welcome Financing of Agreed Costs
• Trust Motivated Industry to Invent Solutions in
  Developed and Developing Countries
• Collaborate on Problem Solving
• Together We Can Protect Earth for Future
  Generations!

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Contact Information

• Stephen O. Andersen
• SOliverAndersen_at_aol.com
• K. Madhava Sarma
• Sarma_Madhava_at_yahoo.com
• Kristen N. Taddonio
• Taddonio.Kristen_at_epa.gov