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Veterinary Pharmaceuticals and Microorganisms Issues with sampling, preservation and analysis

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Microbes/Pharms can absorb to solid surfaces. Dirty Samples relative to Organic analysis. High densities of non-pathogenic microorganisms relative to pathogenic. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Veterinary Pharmaceuticals and Microorganisms Issues with sampling, preservation and analysis


1
Veterinary Pharmaceuticals and MicroorganismsIssu
es with sampling, preservation and analysis
  • Robert B. Brobst, P.E.
  • Region 8 EPA
  • Denver, CO

2
Challenges for sampling and analysis of manures
  • Complex mixture of liquids and solids.
  • Microbes/Pharms can absorb to solid surfaces
  • Dirty Samples relative to Organic analysis
  • High densities of non-pathogenic microorganisms
    relative to pathogenic.
  • Potential for toxic effects.

3
Sampling
  • What do you want the data for?
  • Decide on Sampling Scheme
  • Random, Stratified Random, etc.
  • Sample Equipment
  • Develop Sampling Plan

4
Sampling/Analyzing for Microorganisms
  • Special Considerations
  • Specific Species
  • Use of indicators
  • Sample matrix
  • Water, solid (Soil, Manure)
  • Preservation/ Sample Time to Lab

5
Indicator microorganisms
  • Properties of an ideal indicator organism
  • Non-pathogenic.
  • High densities.
  • Easily detected.
  • Robust, surviving longer than known pathogenic
    strains.

6
Fecal coliforms as indicators
  • Non-pathogenic ?
  • High densities yes, relative to most pathogenic
    bacteria.
  • Easily detected yes.
  • Robust, surviving longer than known pathogenic
    strains Some.

7
Veterinary Pharmaceuticals
  • Sampling and Analysis special considerations
  • Indicators are there a select few
  • They differ with species
  • When Excreted What form
  • Degraded?
  • Preservation

8
Method development and standardization
  • Development evaluate methods for accuracy,
    precision, speed and expense.
  • Standardization develop stepwise protocol and
    requirements for implementation.
  • The Result is only as good as the sample

9
One Last thought
  • It is a capital mistake to theorize before one
    has data. Insensibly one begins to twist facts to
    suit theories, instead of theories to suit facts.
  • Arthur Conan Doyles A Scandal in
    Bohemia (1891)

10
Check out the Posters
www.epa.gov/region8/biosolids
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