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ENHANCING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SEMIARID REGIONS OF INDIA

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Title: ENHANCING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SEMIARID REGIONS OF INDIA


1
ENHANCING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN
SEMI-ARID REGIONS OF INDIA
  • An International Workshop on
  • Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change
  • From Practice to Policy

May 11-12, 2006 New Delhi, India
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy
2
VA PROGRAMME
  • Project
  • VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND ENHANSING ADAPTIVE
    CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SEMI-ARID AREAS OF
    INDIA

Supported by Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation (SDC), Global Environment Facility
(GEF) Duration 4 years (2005 to 2009) Andhra
Pradesh and Rajasthan States
Institutional set-up
National consortium ?lead Lead partner is
MSSRF Co-partners are AFPRO and
MANAGE International consortium ?support
services INFRAS and INTERCOOPERATION Switzerland
3
Semi-arid regions ?
  • These climates are characterized by the fact that
    precipitation is less than potential
    evapotranspiration.
  • Characterized by relatively low annual rainfall
    of 25 to 60 centimeters and having scrubby
    vegetation with short, coarse grasses not
    completely arid.

4
Why semi-arid area was chosen ?
  • Climate extremes are an expected characteristic
    of semi-arid lands.
  • The people living in the semi-arid areas are
    particularly vulnerable to droughts, which
    trigger frequent subsistence crises --sharply
    increasing crop failures, dislocation, famine,
    poverty, increases stratification and the social
    inequities.

5
Peoples Voices
Increase in migration in our village is due to
lack of rains, the agricultural labor are
migrating to urban areas. - Mr. Balaram
Reddy, Karimnagar People are shifting out of
agriculture and taking up other means of
livelihood activities due to lack of water. In
this context food security has become another
important issue - Mr. Sheshagiri Rao,
Bharat Krishak Samaj Mahabubnagar
6
Enhancing Adaptive capacity
  • 1. The general ability of institutions, systems,
    and individuals to adjust to potential damage, to
    take advantage of opportunities, or to cope with
    the consequences.
  • 2. Most populations know from local history the
    frequency and likely consequences of extreme
    climatic events. And most populations in highly
    variable or extreme climatic zones shape their
    livelihood systems to buffer against potential
    catastrophes.

7
Internal measures
Mitigation (Kyoto Protocol)
Joint Implementation
Flexible mechanisms
International Emissions Trading
UNFCCC
Clean Development Mechanism
Step I Assessment of impacts and vulnerability
Adaptation
Step II Capacity building
Step III Adaptation measures
8
The process of adaptation
At the appropriated level
Preparation (incl. training/training needs
evaluation)
Vulnerability assessment
Implementation of adaptation measures
9
Objectives of Policy and Advocacy
  • To foster dialogue and improve communication
    between all kind of interfaces in order to better
    address climate changes.
  • Agree with partners on a common conceptual
    framework regarding the way forward.
  • To ensure bottom-up linkages through policy
    dialogue at national and international level .

10
  • Nationally support process that would influence
    the systems within the government, through
    dialogue on a meaningful platform
  • Internationally support process which would lead
    to simplification of protocols and mechanisms in
    favor of the poor
  • Support to partners for documenting best
    practices /cases to influence policies

11
(No Transcript)
12
Policy and Advocacy - Process
  • Other national and international partners for
    selected activities
  • SDC - Steering and trust management
  • National Level
  • Steering Committee
  • GOI (Agriculture and MoEF), NGOs, Research
    Institutions, SDC, other donors, etc.
  • State Level
  • Advisory Committees (for Andhra Pradesh and
    Rajasthan States)
  • GoAP, NGOs, Research Institutions, District
    Collector, etc.
  • National Forum on Advocacy
  • Vulnerability Atlas by MSSRF
  • A Website for sharing the learnings

13
V A Programme - Goal
  • To secure the livelihoods of rural poor
    vulnerable communities by promoting adoption
    measures that builds enhance their capacity to
    better cope with adverse impacts of climate
    change by promoting their disaster preparedness

14
Project Objectives
  • To build community level capacities with regards
    to best practices and technologies in the
    agriculture, water energy sector
  • To optimize the service delivery system
    services at selected sites of AP Raj
  • To promote policy dialogue, advocacy at
    different levels

15
Salient features of the V A Programme
  • Process oriented, allowing a multi-level,
    learning-action-reflection cycle
  • Holistic approach (funds, functionaries and
    functions) systemic livelihoods
  • Interlinking levels community level with state,
    national, regional, and international level
  • Focus on optimising delivery systems' at local
    community level, i.e. the role of extension
    services in enhancing the coping capacity of
    local liveli-hood systems against the adverse
    impacts of climate change.

16
Thematic Focus
Agriculture (Food Security)
Water (Availability Quality)
Rural Energy (Biomass)
17
Field level interventions
18
Duration/Period
  • 2005 Inception phase
  • Finalise work plan, plan activities, start first
    activities
  • 2006-2007 Implementation phase
  • Research, action learning, pilot activities at
    community level,
  • 2008 Outreach dissemination phase
  • Translate action learning and pilot activity
    results into policy dialogue.

19
Scope of Activities
  • Research
  • Capacity Building
  • Partnership Building
  • Infrastructure Building
  • Demonstration of relevant ideas/technologies

20
Research
Document- ation of Best Practices
Vulnerability Profile
Knowledge Gaps
Review of Institutional Functions, Policies
Research
Appropriate technologies
Situational Analysis
21
Capacity Building
  • Training
  • Institutional Level
  • Community Level
  • Education
  • Awareness

22
V A ProgrammeAndhra Pradesh
  • Mahabubnagar District

23
DISTRICT PROFILE
  • Geographical area 18.45 Lakhs Ha.
  • Population Male 17.81 Lakhs
  • Female 17.28 Lakhs
  • Total 35.09 Lakhs
  • 3. Literacy 38.67
  • 4. Forest area 16
  • 5. Rainfall (Normal) 604 m.m.
  • 6. Cattle population 19.10 Lakh Cow Units
  • 7. All the blocks are declared as Drought Prone
    Areas

24
Rainfall Mahaboonagar District 1952-2003
25
CAUSE OF DROUGHT SITUATION
  • Skewed distribution of rainfall 40 deficit
    from June-August which is the sowing season
  • Depletion of ground water situation
  • Untimely heavy rains during Sept Oct affects
    the crops
  • Lack of Rainfall during November-December
    adversely affects Rabi sowings

26
  • LIVELIHOODS 
  • Low productivity of lands and small land holdings
    leading to disguised unemployment, increasing the
    vulnerability.
  • The district is traditionally known for its
    migrant laborers one of the important causes are
  • Non-sustainable traditional occupations
  • Wage rates are low and also women are paid less
    than men.
  • About 1.75 lakhs small farmers and 2.94 marginal
    farmers are dependent on wage employment.
  • About 3.20 lakhs agricultural laborers who are
    below poverty line are also dependent on
    agricultural wage employment.

27
Activities at Village level
  • Situational Analysis Phase I report of Andhra
    Pradesh is prepared.
  • Situational Analysis Phase II
  • Secondary Data
  • Best Practices / Story lines
  • Participatory Situational Analysis
  • Bio-physical Studies
  • Participatory Action Plan
  • Capacity Building

28
Framework for situation analysis
29
Village level Awareness Campaigns
30
Participatory Action Planning
31
Exposure / Awareness - Farmers
  • Exposure and awareness field visits - Farmers,
    Women and youth
  • Sustainable Agricultural Practices, agricultural
    implements, farm animals, kitchen gardens, food
    processing, non-farm livelihood options,
    Agro-meteorology information, agri-buisness,
    agri-clinics, non-farm based livelihoods, etc

32
Water Management action plan with community
participation
33
Soil testing by village youth
34
Home Gardens
35
Good Stoves Community participation in design
and adaptation
36
Good Stove Design
www.bioenergylists.org
37
Low-Cost Wood Gas Stoves designed with community
participation
38
Village Knowledge Centers
Information Knowledge(Locale Specific and
Demand Driven)
VHF
39
Establishment of Automatic Weather Stations in
the Project Villages
40
  • Thank you . .
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