Public Health and Bioterrorism - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 36
About This Presentation
Title:

Public Health and Bioterrorism

Description:

Two awards were designated by the Federal government to improve ... A bifurcated (two-pronged) needle containing a droplet of the vaccine is used to ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:70
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 37
Provided by: healthSh
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Public Health and Bioterrorism


1
Public Health and Bioterrorism
  • By Courtney Parsons
  • Emergency Preparedness Coordinator

2
Outline
  • Bioterrorism
  • Funding
  • Goals
  • Emergency Preparedness Regions
  • Infrastructure State and Regional Levels
  • Challenges of Bioterrorism
  • My Role as the Emergency Preparedness Coordinator
  • Local Emergency Response Updates
  • Conclusions
  • Smallpox
  • The Vaccine
  • Side Effects
  • Contraindications
  • Updates Federal, State, Region, and Local
  • Conclusions

3
Bioterrorism Funding
  • Two awards were designated by the Federal
    government to improve bioterrorism preparedness.
  • CDC Award
  • HRSA Award

4
The CDC Award
  • Purpose to upgrade state and local health
    departments preparedness for, and in response to
    bioterrorism, other outbreaks of infectious
    disease, and other public health threats and
    emergencies.
  • Source of my position as Emergency Preparedness
    Coordinator
  • The grant is defined by seven focus areas.
  • Award time period is mid-May, 2002 through August
    2003.

5
Focus Areas of the CDC Grant for Public Health
  • Focus area A Preparedness Planning
    Readiness Assessment
  • Focus Area B Surveillance Epidemiology
    Capacity
  • Focus Area C Laboratory Capacity -Biological
  • Focus Area D Laboratory Capacity Chemical
    (increased funding is expected next year)
  • Focus Area E HAN/ Communication and
    Information Technology
  • Focus Area F Communicating Health Risks
    Health Information Dissemination
  • Focus Area G Education Training

6
The HRSA Award
  • Purpose To upgrade the preparedness of the
    nations hospitals and collaborating entities to
    respond to bioterrorism.
  • Grant has two phases
  • Phase I Needs assessment, planning, and initial
    implementation.
  • Phase II Full implementation

7
The Goals of theFederal Funding
  • A statewide coordinated system of hospitals,
    physicians, laboratories, public health, law
    enforcement, and emergency responders
  • Education for all health officials regarding
    biological and chemical agents and improve
    ability to diagnose
  • Improve the capacity and responsiveness of public
    health.

8
Goals (cont.)
  • A statewide communications system for all
    agencies involved in a public health emergency.
  • Facilitate a rapid response
  • A communication system for the public which would
    allow for immediate and accurate updates at the
    time of an emergency.
  • Health Alert Network

9
Current Results of the Funding
  • The State has been divided into 8 Emergency
    Preparedness Regions.
  • Shiawassee County is located in Region 1
  • Infrastructure has been developed at the State
    and Regional levels to facilitate a coordinated
    response to major emergencies.
  • Emergency Preparedness Coordinators are required
    at every health department in the State.

10
Results of the Funding (cont.)
  • Technology improvements for the state and local
    health departments.
  • Broadcast fax machine
  • Cell phone
  • New computers both desktop and notebook
  • Training sessions for public health employees to
    improve knowledge of potential bioterrorism
    events.
  • Bioterrorism Response and Planning Conference
  • Public Information Officer class
  • Incident Management Training

11
Emergency PreparednessRegions
  • We fit into Region 1.
  • There are 9 Counties and 8 health departments in
    our Region.
  • Other Counties in our Region are
  • Clinton County
  • Eaton County
  • Gratiot County
  • Hillsdale County
  • Ingham County
  • Jackson County
  • Lenawee County
  • Livingston County

12
Regional Infrastructure
  • State employees
  • Regional Epidemiologist
  • This position is currently vacant for Region 1
  • Regional National Pharmaceutical Stockpile
    Planner
  • Sandra Gray is our NPS Planner
  • Employed by Region 1
  • Regional Medical Director
  • Don Edwards, D.O.
  • Regional Bioterrorism Coordinator
  • Byron Callies

13
Roles within each Region
  • Regional Epidemiologist
  • Provide epidemiology support to local public
    health department and the Michigan Disease
    Surveillance System
  • Regional analysis of public health data
  • Provide expertise to Regional Medical Advisory
    Committees
  • Regional National Pharmaceutical Stockpile
    Planner
  • Develop regional plan to receive and distribute
    pharmaceutical supplies
  • Assess and identify pharmaceutical resources
    within the region
  • Assist local health departments in development of
    mass prophylaxis plans

14
National Pharmaceutical Stockpile
  • The federal government can deliver 50 tons of
    medical supplies to any city in the United States
    within 12 hours.
  • Communities must be ready to take control of
    these supplies from the airport. They must have
    transportation and security for the supplies and
    a place to distribute them. They need people who
    can repackage huge cartons of antibiotics into
    individual doses. (Newsweek October 2002)

15
Infrastructure at the State Level
  • Office of Public Health Preparedness
  • Director
  • Policy, Legislative Specialist
  • CDC/HRSA Liaison
  • Assessment Coordinator
  • Bioterrorism Coordinator
  • Health Alert Network Coordinator
  • Emergency Management Coordinator
  • Risk Communication Coordinator
  • Bioterrorism Hospital Coordinator
  • Public Health Training Coordinator
  • National Stockpile Planner Coordinator
  • Laboratory Training Coordinator
  • Hazmat Response Coordinator
  • Program Administrator

16
Challenges Facing Public Health regarding
Bioterrorism
  • UNPREDICTIBILITY!!!
  • Bioterrorism is public health in reverse
  • Biological weapons are used to cause disease and
    public health is dedicated to preventing disease
  • A bioterrorism attack may be a covert act which
    complicates our ability to respond.
  • A delay in diagnosis is probable due to the
    incubation period of each biological weapon.

17
Responding to the Challenges of Bioterrorism
  • Communication
  • Among agencies and within our own agency
  • With the public
  • Education
  • For the staff
  • For the public
  • Develop and Implement Improved Bioterrorism Plans
    and Procedures
  • Test Policies and Procedures
  • Participate in Mock Disasters

18
My Role as the Emergency Preparedness Coordinator
  • Facilitate a coordinated response to all
    emergencies and develop relationships with the
    emergency responders.
  • Serve as a point of contact for all agencies
    involved with emergency response.
  • Represent the health department at State and
    Regional meetings.
  • Coordinate the development of improved emergency
    response specifically to a bioterrorism event.
  • Ensure participation in all response exercises
    and training activities.

19
The Importance of an EmergencyPreparedness
Coordinator
  • As the new protocols are developed at the state
    and regional levels it is crucial that the voice
    of the health department is heard.
  • Due to the number of agencies involved in
    emergency response it is necessary to have a
    liaison in place to coordinate the efforts of
    each agency.
  • Disseminate information to the public and the
    other agencies involved in the emergency
    response.
  • Relationships and communication must be
    established and kept current prior to an
    emergency in order to efficiently and
    productively respond to the emergency.

20
What is Happening Locally?
  • We are working closely with the Sheriffs
    Department to improve emergency response plans
  • Coordinating our response plans
  • Updating information Contacts, Emergency
    Operations Center, Emergency Action Guidelines
  • Local Emergency Planning Commission (LEPC)
  • We are an active participant in all State and
    Regional planning activities regarding emergency
    response and bioterrorism

21
Conclusions
  • Bioterrorism is UNPREDICTABLE!!!
  • Improve relationships among the agencies involved
    with emergency response
  • This aspect of Public Health is EXCITING,
    EVOLVING, and very COMPLEX!
  • Complex process
  • Many agencies involved
  • Numerous avenues of information (technology)
  • Explosion of knowledge
  • Urgency of Information

22
Conclusions (cont.)
  • A successful response to Bioterrorism must
    include
  • A COORDINATED response effort
  • Awareness and Education Efforts for our Staff and
    Residents of Shiawassee County
  • Practice/Training Exercises for all agencies to
    test procedures put in place.
  • The Shiawassee County Health Department is ready,
    willing, able, and committed to meeting the
    challenges of Bioterrorism!

23
Smallpox VaccinationPlanning
24
Smallpox
  • This biological weapon is causing concern for the
    entire nation.
  • Smallpox has a death rate of about 30
  • Smallpox is generally spread by direct and fairly
    prolonged face-to-face contact with an infected
    individual
  • It can also be spread from direct contact with
    infected bodily fluids or contaminated objects

25
Smallpox Continued
  • Steps are being taken at the Federal, State,
    Regional and the Local Levels to respond to a
    smallpox outbreak
  • We at the health department are preparing for the
    potential vaccination of the population
  • Smallpox vaccinations would be given on a
    VOLUNTARY basis if directed by the federal
    government

26
Smallpox Vaccine
  • Live-virus vaccine made from the vaccinia virus
  • Does NOT contain the actual smallpox virus
  • Developed from calves, sheep, and water buffalo
    and can protect against other viruses such as
    monkey pox and cowpox
  • Currently there is enough vaccine to vaccinate
    the entire US population

27
Receiving the Vaccine
  • It is not a shot
  • A bifurcated (two-pronged) needle containing a
    droplet of the vaccine is used to poke the skin
    about 15 times
  • If successful the vaccination site will produce
    1-2 drops of blood
  • Keep the site CLEAN and COVERED after vaccination
  • Because the virus is live you can spread the
    Vaccinia virus to other people and/or other parts
    of your body

28
Side Effects/Reactions to theSmallpox Vaccination
  • Common side effects from the smallpox vaccine
    include fever, weakness and lymph gland swelling
    or tenderness occurring about a week after
    immunization.
  • Some reactions can be very severe and even
    life-threatening
  • Previously vaccinated individuals are less likely
    to have a severe reaction
  • Severe complications
  • Range from 15-1,200 per million vaccinated
  • Life-threatening complications
  • Range from 1-40 per million vaccinated

29
Contraindications of SmallpoxVaccine
  • Who is at adverse risk?
  • Pregnant women
  • Those with compromised immune systems such as
    those with Lupus, HIV, organ transplant
    recipients or on oral steroids
  • Those with current (or history of) Eczema or
    atopic dermatitis
  • Anyone allergic to the vaccine or its components
  • Anyone under the age of 18

30
Smallpox Federal Level
  • President Bush is expected to announce 500,000
    health workers be vaccinated against smallpox
  • 15,000 - 20,000 people in Michigan
  • Approximately 2000 people in Region 1
  • Primary focus is on Hospitals Emergency Room
    Employees, Infectious Disease Specialists,
    Intensive Care Workers, Public Health Nurses
  • Currently the CDC does not recommend smallpox
    vaccinations be given to the general public

31
Phases of Vaccination
  • Phase I
  • 500,000 health workers in the United States
  • 15,000-20,000 health workers in Michigan
  • Phase II
  • 7-10 million more health workers, firefighters,
    police, and 1st responders in the United States
  • Phase III
  • The general public
  • Currently the CDC does NOT recommend the smallpox
    vaccine be distributed to the public unless there
    is an outbreak of smallpox

32
Smallpox State Level
  • The Office of Public Health Preparedness is the
    liaison for the Federal officials and Local
    representatives
  • Updates from the CDC come to the health
    department from the State
  • The State of Michigan just submitted a plan to
    the CDC regarding mass vaccination strategy

33
Smallpox Regional Level
  • Each Region has established Regional Smallpox
    Planning Team (RSPT)
  • Responsibilities
  • Regional Smallpox Vaccination Planning
  • Administering the Vaccine in the public health
    and Medical Network within each Region
  • Plans are currently underway detailing how and
    where Phase I vaccinations will be done if deemed
    necessary by the Federal government

34
Regional Smallpox Planning Teams (RSPT)
  • Representatives (Team Members)
  • Local Public Health Department Medical Director
  • Medical Control Authority
  • Health Officer from Local Health Department
  • Emergency Preparedness Coordinator
  • Regional Bioterrorism Coordinator
  • Local Hospitals
  • Regional Epidemiologist
  • Regional NPS Planner

35
Smallpox Local Level
  • SCHD is communicating regularly with Federal,
    State, and Regional representatives regarding
    Smallpox
  • We are an active participant in the planning
    process
  • We are in the process of developing an
    educational presentation for the public regarding
    smallpox and the vaccine to be put on our website
  • The information is changing daily and we are
    involved and preparing for each potential
    scenario

36
Conclusion
  • Although Smallpox is a major challenge facing
    public health we at the health department are
    prepared to meet this challenge head on
  • SCHD is prepared to protect the publics health
    by providing the necessary information and
    services to the public
  • Smallpox is a very dangerous weapon however the
    necessary plans are in motion so that we all will
    be prepared if and when the time comes
  • Questions?
  • Handouts
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com