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Child Sex Tourism as an American Legal Priority

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Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children by Persons Who travel From Their Own ... Feel Unaccountable for Actions While in a Foreign Country ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Child Sex Tourism as an American Legal Priority


1
Child Sex Tourism as an American Legal Priority
  • Kelsey Jae Nunez
  • March 21, 2007
  • Pepperdine University School of Public Policy
  • MPP 604.03

2
What is Child Sex Tourism?
  • Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children by
    Persons Who travel From Their Own Country to
    Another Usually Less Developed Country to Engage
    in Sexual Acts with Children
  • Ease of International Travel Globalization
  • Growing Use of Internet for Tourism Advice

3
Child Sex Tourism as an American Legal Priority
  • Why CST is an American Legal Priority that
    Demands a Response
  • Problem Criteria for Determining Best Solution
  • Options for Moving Forward
  • Recommendations
  • Conclusions

4
Child Sex Tourism Statistics
  • Especially Prominent in the Impoverished Nations
    of Southeast Asia, Africa, and South America
  • Approximately 2 Million Children Per Year are
    Forced to Sell Access to Their Fragile Bodies
  • Americans Account for 25-40 of the Tourists

5
CST Exists for Structural and Mental Reasons
  • Mental Framework That Supports CST
  • Feel Unaccountable for Actions While in a Foreign
    Country
  • Falsely Believe People in Destination Country are
    Less Inhibited Sexually and Morally
  • Consider Themselves to be Helping the Children
  • Unenforced Laws in Main Destination Countries
  • Sometimes Direct Support

6
CST Demands a Response
  • There is a Moral Imperative to Take Decisive
    Action to Reduce the Scourge of Sexual Predation
    on the Most Innocent and Fragile Members of our
    Societies

7
CST is an American Legal Priority
  • The United States Bears a Significant Portion of
    the Responsibility for Stopping United States
    Citizens from Perpetuating the Human Rights
    Atrocities of CST
  • As a global leader, the United States is
    committed to using its power to reform and
    eradicate the child sex tourism industry
  • US. Dept. of Justice Child Exploitation and
    Obscenity Division

8
U.S. Legislation is In Effect
  • Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000
  • First Modern Anti-Slavery Legislation Focuses
    on Prevention, Protection, and Prosecution
  • Required Intent to Have Sex with Children
  • PROTECT Act of 2003
  • Closed Intent Loophole
  • Includes Attempt or Facilitates
  • Increased Penalties from 10-30 yrs to 20-50 yrs
  • Declared Constitutional in 9th Circuit Appellate
    Case

9
Child Sex Tourism as an American Legal Priority
  • Why CST is an American Legal Priority that
    Demands a Response
  • Problem Criteria for Determining Best Solution
  • Options for Moving Forward
  • Recommendations
  • Conclusions

10
Problem Lies in Enforcing PROTECT Act
  • Need Cooperation From Other Countries To
    Extradite and Aid in Investigations
  • Need Private Sector to Participate in Preventing
    and Apprehending Violators

11
Criteria for Determining Best Solution
  • American Govt Has Duty to Enforce Our Laws
  • Must Not Allow Inaction of Other Govts to Affect
    Our Fight
  • Constitutional Protections on Individual
    Liberties When Traveling Abroad
  • Foreign Commerce Necessary and Proper Clauses
  • Role of Private Sector in Relation to Government

12
Child Sex Tourism as an American Legal Priority
  • Why CST is an American Legal Priority that
    Demands a Response
  • Problem Criteria for Determining Best Solution
  • Options for Moving Forward
  • Recommendations
  • Conclusions

13
Option 1Maintain Status Quo
  • Difficult to Prosecute Cases Only 20 in First 2
    Years
  • Lack of Evidence
  • Lack of Extradition
  • Easy to Evade Authority
  • Will Never Solve Problem of Americans
    Perpetuating CST at this Rate

14
Option 2Put Pressure on Host Countries
  • International Sovereignty Issues
  • Forcing Implementation of Treaties is Not Likely
  • Underlying Causes of Poverty and Acceptance of
    Sexual Abuse are Entrenched in Society

15
Option 3Engage Legitimate Tourism Industry
  • In-Flight Videos En Route to Major Destination
    Countries
  • Travel Awareness Campaign Materials
  • Luggage tags, ticket pouches, brochures
  • Training / Code of Conduct for Tour Operators and
    Guides

16
Option 4Use Private Investigators
  • International Investigations are Lacking
  • Competes with Terrorism and Drug Trafficking
  • Private Investigators Have Ability to Go
    Undercover to Gather Evidence for Domestic
    Prosecutions
  • Can Be Funded with Private Dollars
  • Tiny Stars Example www.TinyStars.org

17
Child Sex Tourism as an American Legal Priority
  • Why CST is an American Legal Priority that
    Demands a Response
  • Problem Criteria for Determining Best Solution
  • Options for Moving Forward
  • Recommendations
  • Conclusions

18
Recommendations
  • Engage Airline and Tourism Industry
  • Improve Private Sector Involvement in Prevention
    Prosecution
  • Local and International Private Funding for
    Advertisements in Destinations Countries
  • Private Investigators to Assist in Evidence
    Gathering

19
Implementing Tourism Industry Engagement in
Prevention
  • FAA Regulations Concern SAFETY on Airlines
  • Cant MandateMust Be Voluntary
  • Appeal to Competitive Nature of Industry
  • Implore Flights Services Aimed at Destination
    Countries to Accept Portion of Responsibility
  • Use Pressure of Internet Public Service
    Announcements if No Response
  • Bold Campaign Tourism Leaders That Dont Help
    Are Part of the Problem

20
Implementing Private Sector Involvement in
Prevention
  • Local and International Funding for Destination
    Country Advertisements
  • Private Donations to Tiny Stars, World Vision,
    and Similar Organizations
  • Intergovernmental Exchanges of Dollars in
    Accordance with Child Protection Treaties
  • Tourism Industry Partnerships

21
Implementing Private Sector Involvement in
Prosecution
  • Private Investigators Are Effective Evidence
    Gatherers
  • US Dept. of Justice, Bush Administration, and
    Congress is Committed to Fighting CST
  • Tiny Stars Program is a Model www.tinystars.org
  • Avoid Conflicts with Local Law Enforcement
  • May Lead to Abuse if Authority is Unchecked

22
Implementing Private Sector Involvement in
Prosecution
  • Wider Acknowledgement that the Public Must Turn
    in Known CST Criminals
  • Especially Business Partners, Neighbors, and
    Fellow Travelers

23
Child Sex Tourism as an American Legal Priority
  • Why CST is an American Legal Priority that
    Demands a Response
  • Problem Criteria for Determining Best Solution
  • Options for Moving Forward
  • Recommendations
  • Conclusions

24
Conclusions
  • Child Sex Tourism is One of the Most Pressing
    Human Rights Issues of Our Time
  • The American Government AND Public Must Take the
    Lead Role in Stopping American Involvement
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