Comparative risk assessment for GBD2000: Inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption

1
Comparative risk assessment for GBD2000
Inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption
2
Risk factors reported

• Childhood and maternal undernutrition
• Underweight
• Iron deficiency
• Vitamin A deficiency
• Zinc deficiency
• Other nutrition-related
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• High BMI
• Low fruit and vegetable intake
• Physical inactivity

3
Risk factors reported (2)

• Sexual and reproductive health
• Unsafe sex
• Lack of contraception
• Addictive substances
• Tobacco
• Alcohol
• Illicit drugs
• Environmental risks
• Unsafe water, sanitation, hygiene
• Urban outdoor air pollution
• Indoor smoke from solid fuels
• Lead
• Global climate change

4
Risk factors reported (3)

• Occupational risks
• Risk factors for injuries
• Carcinogens
• Airborne particulates
• Ergonomic stressors
• Noise
• Other selected risks
• Unsafe health-care injections
• Childhood sexual abuse

5
Key data inputs and outputs
6
(No Transcript)
7
Changes in determinants as percent of theoretical
maximum
8
The low fruit and vegetable intake component of
the GBD2000 Comparative risk assessment
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
(No Transcript)
13
(No Transcript)
14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
A. High mortality developing countries
17
B. Lower mortality developing countries
18
C. Developed countries
19
Risk factors treated unevenly (Powles and Day,
Commentary)

• Counterfactuals not specified in comparable ways
  (eg tobacco vs physical inactivity)
• Hazard estimates depend on quality of supporting
  literature eg bp vs inactivity and diet
• Underlying burden estimates may be defective (eg
  alcohol in China)
• Cross-sectional design understates dynamic
  influences eg rise of obesity

20
(No Transcript)