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ECE 842 Lecture Number 1' Energy System Historical Prespectives

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Title: ECE 842 Lecture Number 1' Energy System Historical Prespectives


1
ECE 842 Lecture Number 1.Energy System
Historical Prespectives
Ali Keyhani, Professor, The Ohio State
University Keyhani.1_at_osu.edu
2
  • Outline of the Talk
  • Historical Perspective Problem Statement
  • Smart Grid Systems of the Future
  • Research

3
Selected Energy Statistics by Country (1998) Sourc
e International Energy Agency
4
  • World average energy production per capita (ê)
    grew significantly from 1920 to its all-time peak
    in 1979.
  • Then from its peak in 1979 to 1999, then it
    declined at an average rate of 0.33 /year.

5
Energy Sustainability Discussion
Primary Energy All We Use Comes from the Sun.
Energy sustainability requires use of resources
at the same rate at which they are naturally
replenished on earth without externalities.
Source BMW Group, 2000
6
Energy Sustainability Discussion
Earth at night - 2007
7
Energy Sustainability Discussion
Earth at night 2030
8
Production of CO2 Since 1700
9
Energy Sustainability Discussion
  • Proven Energy Resources around the world

Reserves-to-production (R/P) R/P ratios
represent the length of time that those remaining
reserves would last if production were to
continue at the previous year's rate. It is
calculated by dividing remaining reserves at the
end of the year by the production in that
year. BP website www.bp.com
10
Global Climate
  • Departures in temperatures ( degree celsius )
    from 1961-1990 average

IPCC, 2006 http//www.ipcc.ch/
11
The Future?As for me, all I know is that I know
nothing. SocratesLet Us Speculate
12
Speculate for Possible Solution
  • We need to change the rate of growth of Co2
  • We need to control the exponential growth Co2 ,
    level it and then reduce it . We need to develop
    a sustainable modern industrial society. How?
  • Efficiency. Every Energy user---an energy
    producer
  • Everyone must have a skin in the game.
  • Smart Grid Real Time Pricing
  • Distributed Generation Systems (DG)

13
This map represents smart meter deployments,
planned deployments, and proposals by
investor-owned utilities and some public power
utilities. http//www.edisonfoundation.net/IEE.
As of this writing, approximately over sixty
million customers have been equipped with a
smart meter.
14
Cyber-Controlled Smart Metering Systems
15
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16
The Weekly Load Variation Sampled Hourly
17
The Twenty Four Hour Load Variation Sampled
Every Five Minutes
18
Smart Grid Load Management Techniques
  • Peak Clipping Peak clipping method seeks to
    reduce
  • the peak load demand
    and match it
  • with the power
    companies available
  • power generation

74
19
Smart Grid Load Management Techniques
  • Valley Filling This method is based on
    scheduling
  • certain load during the
    time of the day
  • when the load demand is
    low due
  • to consumer life style

75
20
Figure 4. The Energy Management Time Scale of
Power System Control
21
Interrelated tasks for planned scheduling
operation.
22
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24
Control of Steam Generators
25
Thank you. Hum Dingers
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