IPM for Biological Intruders in Libraries, Archives and Museums

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IPM for Biological Intruders in Libraries,
Archives and Museums

• Robert Setter, M.P.M.
• Entomologist, Facilities Services Group

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IPM?

• Methodology
• A program that aims to minimize pest damage
• Survey and monitor is basis
• Effective outreach and enlistment
• Multiple control tactics based upon survey data
• Insecticides can be an important tool but are not
  the only tool
• Ideology
• A program that aims to minimize pesticide use

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IPM FRAMEWORK

• Survey and detection
• Prioritize actions (allocate limited resources)
• Direct control of pests
• Habitat modification
• Exclusion
• Direct protection of high value resources
• Outreach
• Re-assess and act on latest information

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IPM Implementation

• Transition from Reactive to Proactive efforts
• Re-assess and act on latest information
• Dynamic and adaptive program

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Survey and Detection

• Survey for pests
• Survey materials to protect
• Survey your facilities
• understand contributing factors
• inside and out

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Survey for Pests

• Establish a list of possible pests
• Learn their life histories
• Look inside and outside
• Look for good habitat

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Potential Insect Pests

• Clothes moths (webbing, case making)
• Carpet beetles (varied, black)
• Beetles (warehouse, hide, cigarette, powderpost)
• Silverfish and firebrats
• Psocids (booklouse)
• Cockroaches
• Termites and ants
• Rodents

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Pest ID / Information

• Insects Limited, Inc.
• http//www.insectslimited
• Pest Management in Museums, Archives and Historic
  Houses. Archetype Publications.
• David Pinniger

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• Museum Monitoring KitKit Contains10 Stealth
  Traps, 10 Trapper Monitors, 2 lures for Varied
  Carpet Beetle, 2 lures for Black Carpet Beetle, 2
  lures for Webbing Clothes Moth, 2 lures for
  Cigarette Beetle, 2 lures for Warehouse Beetle
  and 10 food baits for cockroaches and silverfish.
  ID chart and Instructions are enclosed. This
  Museum Monitoring System contains No Pesticides
  Price 75.00

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Some Potential Fungal Pests

• Rhizopus spp.
• Sependnium spp.
• Trichoderma spp
• Verticillium spp.
• Stachybotris spp.
• Trichthecium spp.
• Aureobasidium spp.
• Cephalosporium spp.
• Stemphylium spp.

• Apergillus spp.
• Penecillium spp.
• Cladosporium spp.
• Alternaria spp.
• Botrytis spp
• Fusarium spp
• Geotrichum spp.
• Mucor spp.
• Papularia spp.

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Pertinent Details

• Citation from
• Fungal Facts, Solving fungal problems In heritage
  collections. Archetype Publications.
• Mary-Lou E. Florian

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Pertinent Details

• Airborne spores
• Indoor and outdoor sources
• Germination and growth with moisture events
• Some fungi ubiquitous
• Aspergillus, Penecillium

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Disease Triangle
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Overlap Problems
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Pest Life History
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Survey and Detection

• Survey for pests and / or pest damage
• Regular monitoring, pheromone traps
• Survey materials to protect
• understand your inventory
• rank items for importance
• Survey your facilities
• understand contributing factors (IAQ
  variability?)
• inside and out

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Compile and Display Data

• Spread sheet or data base
• Add observations
• Use color-coded maps or floorplans
• Note pest or habitat issues to be addressed
• Request maps and detailed reports from pest
  management companies

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Susceptibility

• Your materials that provide food source and or
  shelter for pests
• Value of materials (tolerance of damage)
• Storage technique (access, environment)
• Physical location building (access, environment)

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Prioritize !

• Allocate limited resources judiciously
• Move costs to maintenance budget
• Update building issues within renovation projects

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Pesticides

• Use very carefully
• Seek professional guidance
• Get certified
• Beware of collateral damage
• Use baits whenever possible

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Avoid the Silver Bullet Mindset

• Insect and mold populations are hard to control
• Given the right conditions growth is exponential
• Control at this point is difficult and costly
• Waiting until there is a problem results in
  damage
• Prevent conditions that create good habitat
• Monitor for pests
• Apply direct controls at population low levels
• Spot treat, use baits, traps etc

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Control Tactics

• Freezing (insects and mold)
• Freeze drying (insects and mold)
• Pesticides (insects, rodents, mold)
• Mass trapping (insects and rodents)
• Chlorine dioxide (mold)
• hanging packets
• wet wipes
• fogging

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Practice Resource Management

• Manage your resources to limit pest habitat
• Keep building in good repair
• Indoor Air Quality !!!!
• Change the things you can have an impact upon
• indoor climate (temp, humidity)
• storage details
• incoming materials (quarantine/pre-treat?)
• sanitation and hygiene

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Outreach

• Assess and provide updates
• Opportunities to reduce susceptibility/risk
• Enlist participation of all stakeholders

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Case StudyIPM for Termites at The UI
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Do we have termites on campus?

• Yes
• How many?
• A lot

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Survey Efforts

• Sentricon expanded to 70 buildings
• Monthly monitoring of stations
• Includes ground surveys
• Ground surveys of 14 more buildings
• Interior building inspections

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Survey Results

• Buildings with
• Current termite activity outside 19
• Current termite activity inside 1 (3? OMB, NH)
• Old damage 33

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Damage Reports Cellulose

• UIHC bookshelf and books

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Damage Reports Cellulose

• Door Frames
• Currier 9
• MEB 6
• Shambaugh 1

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Damage Reports Cellulose

• Chemistry Building Lab Bench

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Damage Reports Cellulose

• Stored Materials
• UIHC
• Burge Hal
• International Center

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Damage Reports Cellulose

• Joists etc.
• Brady Building
• Seashore Hall
• Shambaugh House

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Damage Reports Synthetics

• Seamans Center polystyrene insulation

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Damage Reports Synthetics

• Caulking
• Seamans Center
• MEBRF

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Tunneling Directly in Plaster
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Up the Pipe Chase
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Common Termite Entry Points

• expansion joints
• gaps between walls and concrete slab
• gaps between columns and concrete slab
• cracks in concrete slab or foundation wall
• pores in concrete slab or wall
• step cracks in block or stone walls
• degraded chinking (brick, block, stone)

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Common Termite Travel Routes

• Gaps/cracks in masonry
• Enclosed spaces
• Inside wood
• Straight-up walls
• usually in corners
• rarely out away from walls

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Susceptibility and Risk Factors

• Value of materials (tolerance of damage)
• Storage technique (access, environment)
• Physical location building (access, environment)
• Proximity of termite activity
• within 100m
• within 10m
• in building

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Susceptibility and Risk
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Prioritization
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Outreach

• Enlist assistance
• Inform of issues (reports, floorplans, maps)
• Create responsibility for materials
• Take responsibility for termite control
• Take responsibility for preventative solutions
• Web based data management, mapping reporting

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Outreach

• DCS and OM at USB
• Building maintenance and custodial staff
• UIHC management, maintenance and custodial
• Libraries same presentations training
• State Historical Society (as per Libraries)
• Individual building occupants
• Contractors (construction crews)
• Consultants (architects)
• Entomological society meetings
• Pest management society meetings
• General public

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Opportunities

• Stop using polystyrene below grade exterior!!
• Ensure grade is below sill plate!!
• Modify storage
• Seal termite entry points
• Install physical barriers during renovation
• Install physical barriers during construction
• Education regarding available products
• Manage data and make it available

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Storage Modifications

• Metal shelves
• Off ground 6 inches
• Away from wall 3 inches
• Back stops

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Storage Modifications - Benefits

• Removes materials from path of foraging termites
• Allows easy monitoring
• Increases air movement
• Reduces insect/rodent refuge
• Facilitates sanitation
• Facilitates pest control tactics
• traps
• baits

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Key Placement Details
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Tufpal Beneath Doorframes
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Expansion Joint Cut Into Wall
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Install Form Below Grade
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Filled with Aggregate
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Termite Control

• Chemical pre-treat new construction
• Moving to physical barriers for pre-treat
• Sentricon Colony Elimination System
• Enhancement trials Dow AgroSciences LLB
• Monitor inside and out regularly
• Physical controls inside buildings
• Redesign Storage
• Freeze infested material
• No trench and drench since 1994

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IPM Links

• http//school.ipm.iastate.edu/
• www.mda.state.mn.us/ipm/ipminschools.html
• http//schoolipm.ifas.ufl.edu/
• http//www.epa.gov/region09/toxic/pest/school/
• http//www.insectslimited.com/
• http//www.pctonline.com/
• http//npspests.cas.psu.edu/museum.htm

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Contact Information

• Bob Setter, M.P.M.
• Entomologist, Facilities Services Group
• 260 USB, The University of Iowa
• Iowa City, IA, 52245
• 319-335-5520
• Robert-setter_at_uiowa.edu