History of European Diplomacy

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History of European Diplomacy

• The Dawn of the Modern Age
• Transformations and Expansion

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Schedule

• 1848 and its effects on the European state system
• The European big powers and the unification of
  Italy and Germany
• The Bismark-System of treaties in Europe
• The question of the Balkans
• The European treaty system before 1914
• 1914 Europe at the height of its power?

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European Ideologies
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Foundation Kingdom of Italy

• Who takes the lead? Piedmont, Church, Citizens
• 1848 Revolts
• 1855 Piemont joins England and France in the
  Crimean War
• 1859 War against Austria (Battle of Solverino)
• 1860 Garibaldi conquers Kingdom of Sicily
• 1861 Foundation of the Kingdom of Italy under the
  House of Piedmont-Sardinia
• 1866 Italy gets Venetia from Austria
• 1870 Italian troupes take Rome

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Foundation German Reich

• Question Big versus Small German Solution
• 1833 Zollverein
• 1848 Revolution Parliament in Frankfurt offers
  Crown to Prussia
• 1864 War with Denmark
• 1866 Austro-Prussian War
• 1870-1 German-French War
• 1871 Foundation of the German Empire

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Reasons for Imperialism

• New markets
• Raw materials
• Spare capital in Europe
• Economic recession in Europe 1873-95
• National glory
• Concurrence
• Civilisatoric mission

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Colonialism

• A racially based (or racist) system of political,
  economic, and cultural domination forcibly
  imposed by a technologically superior foreign
  minority on an indigenous majority.
• It relied on "scientific" assumptions about White
  superiority.
• It assumed that the nation state and an
  industrial capital economy were the most advanced
  forms of human organization.
• It assumed an innate moral inferiority on the
  part of Africans.
• It depended on economic exploitation and
  political oppression.

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