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Kinetic Theory

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States that the tiny particles in all forms of matter are in ... Wilbraham, Antony, Dennis Staley, Michael Matta, and Edward Waterman.Chemistry. Student. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Kinetic Theory


1
Kinetic Theory Gas Pressure
  • By Beth Gillespie, Brendan Dougherty, Katie
    Erikson,
  • Brittney Monaghan, Erin Shea

2
Overview
  • Kinetic Theory
  • Kinetic Energy
  • Basic Assumptions
  • Gas Pressure
  • Atmospheric Pressure
  • Pascal
  • Standard Atmosphere
  • Mercury and Aneroid Barometers

3
Kinetic Theory
  • States that the tiny particles in all forms of
    matter are in constant motion
  • Kinetic energy
  • Energy an object has because of its motion

4
Basic Assumptions
  • A gas is composed of particles.
  • Particles in a gas move rapidly, in a constant,
    random motion.
  • During collisions, kinetic energy is transferred
    without loss from one particle to another

5
Gas Pressure
  • Gas particles collide with other molecules and
    cause pressure
  • If there are no particles, there can not be
    collisions, and therefore there is no pressure
  • Vacuum

6
Gas Pressure
  • Gas pressure is the force that gas exerts on the
    walls of its container
  • Pressure applied to an object from the inside

http//www.indiana.edu/geog109/topics/10_ForcesW
inds/GasPressWeb/PressGasLaws.html
7
Atmospheric Pressure
  • Pressure applied to an object from the outside
  • Results from collisions of air molecules with
    objects
  • Decreases as elevation increases

http//www.indiana.edu/geog109/topics/10_ForcesW
inds/GasPressWeb/PressGasLaws.html
8
Units of Measurement
  • SI Unit of Pressure is the pascal (Pa)
  • Atmospheric Pressure at sea level is 101.3 kPa
  • 1atm 760 mm Hg 101.3kPa
  • Barometers
  • Devices used to measure atmospheric pressure

9
Mercury Barometer
  • 1 atm 29.92 inches on the barometer
  • Pressure on mercury causes mercury in tube to
    rise
  • The more pressure applied to the pool of mercury
    at bottom, the more the mercury rises in the tube

http//www.atmos.washington.edu/2005Q3/101/LINKS-h
tml/MercuryBarometer.jpg
10
Aneroid Barometers
  • Do not contain mercury
  • Atmospheric pressure on the barometer controls
    movement of pointer
  • Indicates pressure

http//www.yourdictionary.com/images/ahd/jpg/A4ane
roi.jpg
11
References
  • Wilbraham, Antony, Dennis Staley, Michael Matta,
    and Edward Waterman.Chemistry. Student. Upper
    Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall, 1997. (267-269)
  • http//www.indiana.edu/geog109/topics/10_ForcesW
    inds/GasPressWeb/PressGasLaws.html
  • http//www.atmos.washington.edu/2005Q3/101/LINKS-h
    tml/MercuryBarometer.jpg
  • http//www.yourdictionary.com/images/ahd/jpg/A4ane
    roi.jpg
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