Security Issues of Wireless Sensor and Adhoc Networks

1
Security Issues of Wireless Sensor and Ad-hoc
Networks

• Sherif Khattab

2
Outline

• Overview
• Security Problems/Countermeasures

3
Architecture
Internet
4
Sensor vs. Ad-hoc

• Traffic pattern
• Ad-hoc any pair
• Sensor
• many-to-one
• one-to-many
• Local
• Less resources in sensors
• More trust is needed in sensors

5
Challenges

• Limited resources
• Power
• Insecure wireless communication
• In-network aggregation
• Harder e2e security

6
Security Attacks (1)

• Physical Layer
• Jamming
• Tampering

7
Images from 1
8
Security Attacks (2)

• Link Layer
• Collision
• Easier jamming
• Exhaustion
• Repeated retransmission
• Interrogation
• Unfairness
• Countermeasure Rate limiting

9
Security Attacks (3)

• Network Layer
• Selective forwarding
• Sinkholes
• Wormholes
• Sybil attack
• Homing
• Misdirection
• Smurf
• Spoofing

10
Ex. 1 TinyOS Beaconing
Images from 2
11
Sinkhole using Wormhole
Images from 2
12
Sinkhole using Spoofing
13
Sinkhole using HELLO flooding
14
Ex. 2 Geographic Rotuing
15
Sinkhole using Sybil Attack
16
Loops using spoofing
17
Countermeasures

• Packet leashes (wormhole)
• Link layer encryption (spoofing)
• Identity verification (sybil)
• Authenticated broadcast µTesla (spoofing)
• Bidirectional link verification (hello flooding)
• Design for security

18
References

• 1 Anthony Wood, John A. Stankovic, "Denial of
  Service in Sensor Networks," IEEE Computer,
  35(10)54-62, October 2002
• 2 Secure Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
  Attacks and Countermeasures
• Chris Karlof and David Wagner. Elsevier's AdHoc
  Networks Journal, Special Issue on Sensor Network
  Applications and Protocols, Volume 1, Issues 2-3,
  pages 293-315, September 2003