So you think youre not destroying the tropical rainforests

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So you think youre not destroying the tropical
rainforests?
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Summary

• Properties of Palm Oil
• History of Palm Oil
• Process of Palm Oil
• Separation of Palm Oil
• Food uses of Palm Oil
• Non edible uses of Palm Oil
• Damage to the Environment
• Household names Big Brands and Palm Oil

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Properties of Palm Oil

• Palm oil is an edible plant oil derived from
  fruit and kernels (seeds) of the oil palm Elaeis
  guineenis
• It is naturally reddish because it contains a
  high amount of beta-carotene
• High in saturated fats
• It is widely used in cooking oil and is present
  in many processed foods.

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History of Palm Oil

• Palm oil is derived from the African oil palm and
  was long recognised in West African countries in
  the late 19th century.
• It has been commonly used in cooking oil
• European merchants trading with West Africa
  occasionally purchased palm oil for use in
  Europe.
• Palm oil is bulky and cheap

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Palm Oil-fruits
International Palm Oil
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Process of Palm Oil

• The main stages involved in the processing of
  Palm Oil are
• Separation of individual fruits from the bunch
• Softening of the fruit flesh
• Pressing out of the oily liquid
• Purification of the oil

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Separation of Palm Oil

• Fractionation is a physical method using the
  crystallisation properties of triglycerides to
  separate a mixture into a low melting liquid
  fraction and a high melting liquid fraction.
• There are three different types of fractionation
  dry fractionation, detergent fractionation, and
  solvent fractionation.
• The two components resulting from the
  fractionation of palm oil is palm olein (liquid
  oil) and palm stearin (solid form).

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Uses of Palm Oil

• Food Uses
• Main use is in frying/cooking oils and fats
• Margarine and spreads
• Confectionary fats
• Coffee creamers and imitation dairy products
• Miscellaneous uses

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Non edible Uses

• Soaps and detergents
• Candles
• Cosmetics
• Lubricating greases for machinery used in the
  production of edible foods
• Grease for bread molds and bread making
  equipment
• Grease used to protect tanks, pipelines and
  similar instruments which remain uncovered
  and in the open air
• Drilling mud for the petroleum industry
• Glue
• Printing inks
• Biodiesel
• Metallic soaps for the manufacture of
  lubricating grease and metallic dryers
• Steel cold rolling processes
• Acids to lubricate fibres in the textile industry

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Non Food application of Palm Oil and Palm
Kernel Oil
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How Palm Oil is damaging the Environment?
Palm Oil tree
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Damage to the Environment

• The rise in the use of Biofuels has encouraged
  the growth of Palm Oil production.
• But Palm Oil plantations have negative
  environmental impact on tropical rainforests.

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Forest which has been cleared for Palm Oil
plantations
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Damage to the Environment

• The wildlife rich forests of Indonesia and
  Malaysia are being chain sawed to make way for
  Palm Oil plantations.
• Thirty square miles are felled daily in a burst
  of habitat destruction that is taking place on a
  scale and speed almost unimaginable in the West.
• When the rainforests disappear almost all of the
  wildlife including the orang-utans, tigers, sun
  bears, bearded pigs and other endangered species
  and indigenous people go. The species are
  indirectly killed by planting Palm Oil or
  directly killed if they destroy or eat the Palm
  Oil seeds.
• In there place come palm-oil plantations
  stretching for mile after mile, producing cheap
  oil.

Palm Oil - workers killing Orang-utans
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A fisherman surveys the scene as he steers his
boat alongside a recently cleared area of forest
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Household names Big brands and palm oil

• Kellogg's (US) Uses palm oil in 50 products,
  mostly cereal bars but also cereals such as
  Special K and Crunchy Nut, where it binds
  together clusters. Does not buy sustainable palm
  oil.

Mars (US/UK) Uses palm oil in Mars Bars, Galaxy
and Maltesers, where it is labelled "vegetable
fat". Does not buy sustainable palm oil. Says it
wants to.

• Unilever (UK) World's biggest user of palm oil,
  which is found in Flora margarine, Pot Noodle,
  Comfort and Persil. Buys 1.6m tonnes a year 4.2
  per cent of global production. Acknowledging the
  damage to its reputation and the environment,
  Unilever set up the Roundtable on Sustainable
  Palm Oil.

• Cadbury (UK) Pours palm oil into chocolate bars,
  including Cadbury Dairy Milk, where it is listed
  as vegetable oil. Uses 40,000 tonnes a year, none
  certified as sustainable.