Title: THE INTERNATIONAL NETWORK FOR BAMBOO AND RATTAN LIVELIHOOD DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Developing Liveliho
1THE INTERNATIONAL NETWORK FOR BAMBOO AND
RATTANLIVELIHOOD DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMMEDeveloping Livelihoods with Bamboo
and Rattan
2THE INTERNATIONAL NETWORK FOR BAMBOO AND
RATTANINBARs Mission
- To improve the well being of bamboo and
rattan producers and users throughout the world,
and to promote their cultivation and use
3LIVELIHOODS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME at INBAR
- The reduction of poverty using bamboo and rattan
in pilot rural development programmes. - The collation and dissemination of information on
bamboo and rattan. - The development of the bamboo and rattan sectors
through innovation and the establishment of
supportive frameworks (the enabling
environment).
4GlobalNationalRegionalLocalCommunity
Innovation Information Development
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5GlobalNationalRegionalLocalCommunity
But how do we identify what is appropriate?
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6- National level study of the bamboo / rattan
sector - First, gather all information we can on bamboo or
rattan resources, use, markets, etc in that
country, from already known information sources. - Also include more general data, such as poverty
and gender issues in the country, other
development projects, then look at...
7The production- to- consumption system
- The chain of activities involved in the
transformation of bamboo and rattan from raw
material to sold commodity, and all the
transformations involved in-between. - The system includes all aspects of the direct
physical transformations as well as the social,
political and economic environment in which these
changes take place.
8- Studying the production to consumption system
allows the identification of constraints and
opportunitiesin the system. - These are then used to develop recommendations
for improving the efficiency of the
production-to-consumption system. - These recommendations can then form the basis of
development project activities.
9 - INBAR has done many PCS studies in the past
(always using in-country partners to do the
work), and we use them to identify development
opportunities. - IFAD funding allows us to do so in four locations
- The aim is to test and trial bamboo and rattan
for development, and to produce models for their
successful use. - Governments and NGOs could then take these up and
replicate them, to increase the effect to
regional or national level.
10Relative importance of different elements in
three of our Action Research Projects
- From Left to right on each graph
- Resources
- Harvest
- Small Industries
- Large Industries
- Housing
- Market
- Stimulation (promotion of bamboo and rattan)
- Policy and the enabling environment
11 INBAR has pilot projects inEcuadorGhanaIndi
aTanzania
12ECUADOR
- Bamboo resources
- Ecuador has many species of bamboo, but by far
the most important is Guadua angustifolia. - 1997 figures
- 25, 000 ha of Guadua stands, 93 of which are in
stand sizes less than 0.5ha. Sounds like a lot,
but...
132000 estimateUp to 50 of total Guadua area has
been lost due to
- 1) Overharvesting. In the coastal zone of
Ecuador, Guadua is exploited for construction,
banana poles and for export to Peru as raw poles
(called Cana de Guayaquil). - 2) Replacement by more lucrative crops. In some
areas there is little use for bamboo and stands
are often replaced by pasture or banana
plantations.
14ECUADOR
- People and poverty
- 13 million, of which 50 live below the poverty
line (one US Dollar per day). - Approximately 1/3 of people earn their livings
from agriculture (also 1/3 Industry, 1/3
Services). - Strong cultural associations with bamboo - these
stretch back to 3500BC, and include housing from
2000 years ago, ritual wailing posts, and a
wide range of modern uses. See Jorge Morans book
for more information.
15ECUADOR
- Bamboo Opportunities
- Severe floods of 1998 highlighted the role of
bamboo in watershed and riverbank protection, and
the role of bamboo in providing cheap housing,
bridges and electricity poles. -
- Cultivation and management of new Guadua stands
is being adopted by the private sector, although
long-term planning and supervision is lacking. Of
course, this benefits only the entrepreneurs who
own the farms.
16ECUADOR
- Hogar de Cristo
- The Christian charity Vivendas Hogar de Cristo
has provided cheap bamboo/wood houses to the poor
of Guayaquil and the coastal region for 30 years.
- Hogar de Cristo recognises that as one of the
major users of bamboo in the region, it has a
responsibility to practice sustainable harvesting
and use.
17ECUADOR
- The project
- So, INBARs project will aim to develop and test
models of sustainable development of Guadua
management and use by poor farmers by - Establishment and sustainable management of
Guadua stands on their land. - Harvesting, preservation and first processing of
bamboo by the farmers to add value. - Development of bamboo products - housing,
furniture and handicrafts.
18ECUADOR
- Part one
- Establishment of project base site at the Hogar
de Cristo plantation for - Conducting studies into suitable cultivation and
management methods and systems for Guadua. - Training the trainers in cultivation and
processing techniques. - Demonstration site for buildings construction.
- Improving bamboo machinery and developing a
demonstration bamboo preservation unit .
19ECUADOR
- Part two
- Management and planting of bamboos on farmers
land in the Santa Domingo region of Colombia,
primary processing activities, and product
development. - This is being done in conjunction with the NGO
CEDERENA and is being co-funded by the
Canada-Ecuador Fund for Development to the tune
of an extra US 350, 000.
20Pilot project communities around Santo Domingo
Communities in Puerto Quito
Tsachila communities
Communities West of Santo Domingo
Communities in Vincente de Maldonado
21- Training Workshop on bamboo management
- (at the Hogar de Cristo site).
22GlobalNationalRegionalLocalCommunity
Ecuador activities
The Individual
23GHANA
- The situation
- A Production- to-Consumption system study of the
rattan sector was conducted in 1999 and 2000
which identified some problems in that sector. - The project developed, with the considerable
enthusiasm of people like David Coleman and
strong support from the government, into a
six-location, bamboo and rattan, multifaceted
programme, but still with the emphasis on
validating technologies. - It is presently being further developed by INBARs
in-country representative.
24GHANA
- Now we work with CARE International on a project
to develop small businesses based on bamboo
processing. - We have a pipeline project on developing earlier
rattan producing businesses under consideration. - We have a pipeline project on developing bamboo
cultivation in the Upper East for river bank
stabilising and for income generating activities.
25GlobalNationalRegionalLocalCommunity
Ghana activities
The Individual
26Northeast INDIA
- INBARs involvement so far
- Sericulture sector study
- Rama as consultant to CBTC
- Rama organising State policy workshops
- Marketing study
- Mizoram mission
- Tripura mission
- Housing workshop
- Three Action Research Projects
27Northeast INDIA
- Bamboo and Rattan resources
- Vast amount of bamboo resources with over 65 of
Indias species in that region. - Main useful species includeMelocanna baccifera
- Dendrocalamus hamiltonii, giganteus, hookeri,
sikkimensis and strictus. - Bambusa vulgaris, tulda bambos and khasiana.
- Significant rattan resources in each State except
Mizoram.
28Northeast INDIA
- People resources
- Ethnically very diverse with many, protected,
local tribes. - Significant cultural associations with bamboo and
cane - they are used in many aspects of everyday
life, including agriculture, - Poverty is rife, but there are few opportunities
for reducing it.
29Northeast INDIA
- Natural resources problems
- Much of the Melocanna baccifera (Muli) population
is expected to flower in a few years time. - Slash and burn agriculture means much land is
lost each year due to erosion, food insecurity is
rife and Muli is encroaching into areas it did
not grow before - and is regarded as a weed. - Harvesting methods of existing bamboo stands are
highly unsustainable.
30Northeast INDIA
- People problems
- Central government has done little to help the
region out of poverty until very recently. - Resistance to central government rule sometimes
boils over into violence. - Poverty breeds poverty - without initial startup
resources, infrastructure or help people have no
means of helping themselves out of poverty. - Previous government systems of handouts have
created significant inertia amongst the people.
31Northeast INDIA
- Whats being done?
- Cane and Bamboo Technological Upgradation and
Networking Centre. - Small UNDP project on bamboo handicrafts.
- Small UNDP project on ELIMINATING bamboo and
replacing it with more suitable crops (!) - Policy workshops in NE India.
32Pilot projects - INDIA
- Three Action Research sites, one each in Manipur,
Tripura and Uttaranchal. - Trialling of pilot development activities.
- Development of the enabling environment.
- Monitoring and evaluation.
33INDIA
- Manipur. Activities held in Tamenglong district,
which has considerable bamboo resources and is
heavily forrested - cofunding from state and
national Governments and UNIDO. - Tripura. Activities focus on West Tripura, where
a limited amount of bamboo processing already
occurs. The IAY housing scheme requires bamboo
housing. Cofunding as above. - Uttaranchal. Activities/options being evaluated.
Design centre operational. Cofunding expected as
above.
34Northeast INDIA
- Pilot development activities will include, in
each location - Nurseries and plantation management activities.
- Networking the district into proper regional and
national communication networks. - Developing community bamboo/rattan processing
businesses. - Promoting sustainable growth through support for
the enabling environment.
35Northeast INDIA
- Enabling environment activities will often be
relevant to the broader Northeast and include - Documentation, monitoring and evaluation of the
sector in each location. - Development of support institutions.
- Awareness raising and capacity building.
- Information gathering and dissemination,
extension and networking. - Local market and policy evaluation and
development. - Infrastructure development.
36Northeast INDIA
- Funding
- 50, 000 for each site from our IFAD budget.
- 150, 000 for each site from State governments.
- 600, 000 for each site from National government.
- 200, 000 for all sites from the Northeast
Council. - Some activities may be funded by UNIDO via the
CBTC. - So each site should have over 800, 000 and the
total value of these activities will be over
2.5m.
37GlobalNationalRegionalLocalCommunity
Northeast India
Innovation Information Development
The Individual
38 TANZANIA
39 TANZANIA
- Main situation
- PCS study done in 1999-2000, gave background and
identified possible areas of action. - Missions in Feb 2001, June/July 2001, August 2002
and December 2002 to forge the basics of the
project. - Project divided into
- Training and capacity building.
- National level policy framework.
- Pilot development activities.
40 TANZANIA
- Main focus on community development with bamboo,
infrastructural development, and design
applications. - Main partner - National Construction Council of
Tanzania - Start-up commenced 2003, activities to develop
2004
41GlobalNationalRegionalLocalCommunity
Tanzania activities
The Individual