Wheat CAP: Mapping of Wheat Quality

1
Wheat CAP Mapping of Wheat Quality
E. Souza - USDA-ARS, Wooster C. Sneller, M.
Guttieri, N. Smith Ohio State University
Acknowledgments Jorge Dubcovsky, UC Davis,
Project Coordinator Jamie Sherman, Montana State
Univ. Outreach Coordinator Carl Griffey,
Virginia Tech Eastern US Coordinator Duc Hua,
Ohio State Technical flour analysis Anne
Sturbaum, USDA-ARS, Wooster Association
Mapping Gina Brown-Guediera, USDA-ARS Raleigh
Genotyping support Mapping Project LeadersJ.
Johnson GA, C. Griffey VA, H. Ohm, - IN, M.
Sorrells NY, C. Sneller - OH
2
(No Transcript)
3
Wheat Coordinated Agricultural Project

• Comprehensive mapping effort for wheat
  characteristics of economic value
• Manipulation of previously mapped or marked genes
  for the development of new varieties

4
Quality Traits for Marker Assisted Selection

• Gluten Strength
• HMW Glutenins Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1
• LMW Glutenins Glu-A3
• Gliadins Gli-D1
• Rye Translocations 1B/1R, 1A/1R
• Protein Concentration
• Gpc-1
• Grain Hardness
• Softer Hard Wheat PinA gt PinB on 5D
• Multiple loci for softness Pina-Am1 on 5A

5
Quality Traits for Marker Assisted Selection

• Pre-harvest sprouting
• Phs-1
• Vp1
• Semolina color
• Lr19 rust resistance linked to yellow pigment
• Starch structure
• Amylose reducing (Waxy) Wx-1A, Wx-1B, and Wx-1D

6
Effect of Glutenin and Rye Translocations in an
Association Mapping Population with Genetic State
Determined by Markers 187 Soft winter wheat
cultivars grown in 7 environments,
2007-2008.Background genetic effects adjusted
by genetic similarity using DArT markers
Glu-1Da (212) Glu-1Dd (510)
Lacticacid 111.8 118.3
No. ofCultivars 125 51
1BL1RS RyeTransloc. 1BL1BS NoTransloc.
Lacticacid 103.3 114.6
No . of Cultivars 12 174
Difference sig. _at_ plt0.0015
Difference sig. _at_ plt0.0004
7
Populations Current Phenotyping Genotyping
PI Pedigree Size Markers of Envs
Sorrells Foster/Kanqueen 90 254 SSR and AFLP (DArTs added) 3 (NY, OH)
Ohio State Foster/PIO 25R26 175 163 SSR 4 (OH, NY)
Johnson SS 550/PIO 26R46 150 153 SSRs 4 OH 2 GA to do
Griffey Jaypee/USG 3209 125 220 SSR, 363 DArT 5 (VA,NC)
Ohm 92201/91193 190 383 DArT and SSR 4 (IN, NY, OH)
Sorrells Cayuga/Caledonia 155 256 SSR and AFLP (DArTs added) 4 for Starch, 2 for others
Ohio State, USDA SWQL Association Mapping Historical set 187 600 DArTs, SSRs, others
8
Key Components of Soft Wheat Quality Measured By
OSU

• Water absorption
• Starch damage
• Pentosans
• Flour Yield
• Gluten strength
• Softness Equivalent (SE)(break flour yield)
• Flour Protein (PRO)
• Test Weight (TW)

ACT LIKE ONE TRAIT
9
42 Trait/Population combinationsSummary of R2
(x100) for 218 QTL
58 QTL lt 10 28 QTL 10-20 14 QTL gt 20
10
R2 (x100), Location, Population of Three Largest
Effect QTL
1st 2nd 3rd
Protein 26, 1BL, 9/9 25, 2BS, F/K 24, 2BS, F/25
Glu Strgth 38, IBCL, F/K 32, 1BCL, F/25 31, 1BCL, S/26
Water Abs 27, 6BC, S/26 25, 1BL, 9/9 25, 1BL, F/K
Starch Dam 57, 2BS, F/K 28, 1BCL, J/U 28, 1BL, 9/9
Pentosans 25, 1BCL, J/U 24, 2BS, F/25 22, 6BC, S/26
Fl. Yield 30, 1BCL, F/25 27, 2BS, F/K 16, 2BS, F/25
Soft Eq. 23, 2BS, F/K 20, 5AS, F/K 16, 3BS, S/26
10/21 QTL from 1B 7/21 from 2BS
11
R2 (x100) of QTL on 2B Short Arm
Fo/K Fo/25 S/26 Ja/U 9/9 Ca/C
Protein 25 24 19
Glu Strgth 9 5
Water Abs 18 2 11 9
Starch Dam 57 7 11 10 12
Pentosans 17 24 8 7 8
Fl. Yield 27 16 8
Soft Eq. 23 13 5
not significant
90 lines
12
Association Mapping Populationof 187 Soft Winter
Wheat Cultivars, 2007 2008Grown in IN, KY OH,
NY, and VA
13
Effect of Milling QTL Chromosome 2B in an
Association Mapping Population XBarc10 marker
187 Soft winter wheat cultivars grown in 7
environments, 2007-2008.Background genetic
effects adjusted by genetic similarity using DArT
markers
Barc10303 bp Barc10 297 bp or 300 bp
BreakFlour(Softnessequiv.) 56.5 58.8
No . of Cultivars 87 91
Barc10303 bp Barc10 297 bp or 300 bp
BreakFlour(Allis Mill) 30.7 33.5
No . of Cultivars 87 91
Difference sig. _at_ plt0.0007
Difference sig. _at_ plt0.0001
14
Effect of Dwarfing and Photoperiodism in an
Association Mapping Population with Genetic State
Determined by Markers187 Soft winter wheat
cultivars grown in 7 environments,
2007-2008.Background genetic effects adjusted
by genetic similarity using DArT markers
Tall Semi-dwarfRht1 or 2
BreakFlour(Softnessequiv.) 56.1 58.8
No . of Cultivars 70 112
P-period Insensitive P-period Sensitive
BreakFlour(Softnessequiv.) 57.7 57.7
No . of Cultivars 46 129
Non-significant difference
Difference sig. _at_ plt0.0001
15
Discussion Points

• In soft wheat many of the quality traits are
  positively associated in terms of desirability
• e.g. greater flour yield and lower water
  absorption
• Quality traits in all mapping populations are
  highly heritable
• Most of the quality traits are complex multiple
  places in the genome