Lake restoration cooperation between inhabitants, city and state examples from Northern Finland

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Lake restoration -co-operation between
inhabitants, city and state -examples from
Northern Finland
Timo Yrjänä LAKEPROMO 25.-26.11.2006 Kuopio

• Järvien kunnostaminen kansalaisten, kunnan ja
  valtion yhteistyönä -esimerkkejä
  Pohjois-Pohjanmaalta.

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NOREC and lake restorationNORECNorthern
Ostrobothnia Regional Environment Centre

• Priorisation of initiatives made by stake-holders
  use and nature values (I-III)
• National/international planned and organised
• by NOREC, inhabitants and city are partners
• provincial stakeholders, city/and state operate
• local stakeholders do, NOREC gives advices

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Some priorisations in 2004

• Pyöriäsuon turvetuotantoalueen muuttaminen
  lintualueeksi, Yli-Ii, 20.2.2004 III
• Mustaputaan vedenvirtauksen edistäminen,
  Ylikiiminki, 20.2.2004 III
• Iso-Orastinjärven kunnostus, Ii, 20.2.2004 III
• Tikkakosken korjaaminen, Alavieska, 30.31004
  Hylkäys
• Tulijärven tilan parantaminen, Muhos,
  30.3.2004 II
• Lamujoen Alikosken kalataloudelliset
  kunnostukset, Piippola, 30.3.2004 III
• Vuohtajärven Vattulahden kunnostus, Reisjärvi,
  30.3.2004 III
• Iso-Olvasjärven parantaminen, Utajärvi,
  27.4.2004 II
• Naisjärven kunnostus ja pohjapatojen
  rakentaminen, Pudasjärvi, 27.4.2004 III
• Uuranputaan kunnostus, Pudasjärvi,
  27.4.2004 III
• Oijärven kunnostaminen, Kuivaniemi, 15.6.2004
  I

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Planning and financing

• Lake Torankijärvi
• Consultant office (aeration), City and NOREC
  officers, project workers
• City of KuusamoEVONOREC
• EVOEnergy and water co-operative
• Lake Saunajärvi project worker, consultant
  office
• ERDF, City of Pudasjärvi, local people
• Lake Pirttijärvi
• Master Thesis, consultant office
• Cottage owners (50)City of Muhos, NOREC
• Regulated lakes in Kalajoki watershed
• NOREC

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Lake Torankijärvi (A226 ha, shallow)

• Load waste waters of Kuusamo city
• directly to the lake 1940s-1950s
• Sedimentation ponds in 1960s
• 1973 biosorption pond
• Modern waste water treatment plant 1982
• Internal load, Algal blooms, no fishing (bad
  quality of fishes
• NATURA 2000 resting place for birds
• Park area for the city

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First restoration plan in 1985
-Aeration 1985 Planox EVO, compensation from
waste waters -Dredging of shallow vegetation
areas (NOREC, City) Aim to improve lake
scenery Results park like bank line without
aquatic plants increasing phosporus
content algal blooming, reduction in the bird
populations
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New restoration measures

• Bad reputation no swimming, no fishing
• Conflict heavy restoration measuresgtltNatura 2000
  (bird habitats)
• Torankijärvi council
• City, water and land owners, bird watchers, NOREC
  (waste waterbirdrestoration officers, EVO
• yksimielisyys, sitoutuminen
• New restoration measures fot the period before
  final solution where to lead the waste waters

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Measures in 2000s

• To reduce internal load
• Aeration
• Biomanipulation
• To improve recreational value of the lake
• Cutting of trees and bushes from coastal area
• Building of bird watching tower

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Aeration 2002-

• One old Planox O2-content in late winter 2,5-4
  mg/l, nutrient lead from sediment, fish kills
• leasing of 2 new Mixox (MC750), all around the
  year 1 AireO2 in winter (5,5 kW)
• Minimum O2-content in late winter 1,7 mg/l from
  year 2002, amount of nutrients in lake water in
  summer variable, declining direction?,

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Biomanipulation

• 3 project workers 1 fyke net90 metal wire
  traps, local professional fishermen (0,5 /kg)
  seine net
• 2001 36 kg/ha, 2002 39 kg/ha, 2003 42 kg/ha,
  2004 ?
• 2003 professionals 5100project workers 4400 kg
• Both are needed

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Relation of total phosphorus and chlorophyll
contents in summer in Lake Torankijärvi
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Lake Saunajärvi (A80ha, shallow)

• Forest lake (80 from catcment area), some summer
  cottages and a camping resort, originally clear
  water, rarely stratified, O2 depletions, algal
  blooms, decreased recreational use
• External load 19 kg/ total P in year forestry
  operations most important source, internal load
  - estimated to be remarkable

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Phosphorus load to the Lake Saunajärvi
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Restoration measures

• Fish removal during 15 years
• first local fishery organisation
• 2001 ERDF-project, local fishermer participate
• Financial support for waste water treatment
  systems of summer cottages

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Fish removal
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Effects of restoration measures to phosphorus
content inlake Saunajärvi
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Lake Pirttijärvi (A36 ha)

• Shallow lake, mean depth 1,55 m, 2 m soft
  sediment on the bottom (max. 5 m)
• Eutrophicated (a-chlorophyll 56-89ug/l,tot-N
  815ug)l, tot-P 45 ug/l)
• Algal blooms, earlier forestry operations,
  summer cottges
• Cottage owners pay half of the cost, which are 54
  000

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Pirttijärvi-temporary drying

• 800 m of natural outlet has been dredged during
  this autumn
• Sedimentation pond
• Regulation dam have been constructed
• Water will be led out during next winter
• People can reconsrtact they own strand areas
• Lake will be filled again using spring flood in
  2006

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Effects of temporary drying

• Sediment becomes more tight/solid
• It will get hard surface layer
• Increase in water volume
• Wind will not mixe the bottom sediment (as much
  as before)
• Total fish removal, regulation dam is a migration
  barrier gt possible to control fish population in
  future

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Pipe-aeration apparatus
Principle Propeller circulate oxygen rich
surface water to the depth of 5 meter Amount
of circulated water 400l/s
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Pipe aeration apparatus mix water layers and
equalize oxygen content, Regulated lake
Vuohtojärvi, winter 1995-1996
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NOREC has aerasted regulated laks in Kalajoki
watershed during ten yers
Lakes which most often have needed
aeration Hautaperä Reservoir, Lake Vuohtojärvi,
Lake Kiljanjärvi and Lake Kuonanjärvi
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Brush aeration apparatus in Lake Kuonanjärvi 2001
Beacaue of aeration oxygen content was moderate
in late winter despite of remarkable reduce in
water level.