Types of Government

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Types of Government
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Types of Government

• There are many different types of government that
  have evolved over the course of human history
• No government is perfect
• Governments change with the changing needs of the
  people who allow that government to exist

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Types of Governments

• MONARCHY
• An efficient form of government with clear lines
  of power transfer
• Monarchies have helped advance civilization from
  the bronze age to the industrial age

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MONARCHY continued

• From the Greek word monos arkheinone ruler
• Monarchies are the oldest form of government
• In a monarchy all or most of the power is
  controlled by one person
• This power is hereditary (stays in the family)

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Even More Monarchy

• Monarchies can only exist under certain
  conditions
• An agricultural society that has technologies
  that allow power to be concentrated (castles,
  forts and education) in central location

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Will this ever end?

• Poor communication between cities and country
  side
• Deprive most people of education
• Get most of the money to run the government by
  serfdom

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Probably not

• The original power to govern in some monarchies
  was thought to be given to that person by God
• God told him/her by actions or speech that they
  should be the ruler

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Monarchy

• Some monarchies were the result of ancient tribes
  banding together and electing a tribal leader
• Once the leader was chosen the power to rule
  stayed with that family

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Two Forms of Monarchy

• Absolute Monarchy the word of the King or Queen
  is final
• His/her word is law and must be carried out
• Failure to follow the orders of the Regent could
  lead to the imprisonment or death of the person
  and all of that persons family

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Two forms continued

• 2. Constitutional Monarchythe actions of the
  Monarch are limited by law and are subject to the
  same rule of society as normal citizens
• Most Constitutional Monarchies have only symbolic
  power
• EXAMPLE The Queen of England

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Almost there

• By the 1800s most of the worlds monarchies had
  become republics
• One of the few remaining true monarchies is the
  Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
• The only absolute monarchy remaining is in
  Swaziland, Africa

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Theocracy

• Theocratic governments have been around almost
  from the beginning of organized society
• These governments attempt to organize the state
  by interpretation of written religion

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Where does it come from?

• From two Greek words
• theos god
• kratein to rule
• Together these two words interpret into rule by
  the deity
• The government is controlled by an elite group of
  religious leaders

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More Theocracy

• The main purpose of a theocracy is to impose and
  enforce divine law
• The divine laws are found in the religious
  writings (Bible, Koran, etc.) of the controlling
  faction

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• Using these writings the leaders will try to
  determine how god would run the day to day
  operations of the government
• Theocracies are intolerant of other beliefs and
  do not recognize other religions

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How its put into effect

• Police are used to suppress questions about how
  the government makes decisions
• Politicians in theocracies do have the
  flexibility to compromise for political
  effectiveness

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Finally

• The government tries to isolate the people from
  the world so no impure ideas are allowed into the
  country
• Most theocracies do not last longer than one
  generation

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Totalitarianism

• Of all the forms of government, totalitarianism
  is the most dehumanizing
• All freedom of will is replaced with service to
  the state
• Freedom of thought is crushed and the human
  spirit is destroyed

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Totalitarianism continued

• A system of government in which a citizen is
  totally subject to state authority in all aspects
  of day to day life
• The ruling ideology requires that every part of a
  persons life be subordinate to the state,
  including occupation, income and religion

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• Constant brainwashing by propaganda to remove any
  thoughts of dissent (not following the rules) by
  anyone is necessary for a totalitarian state to
  exist
• The agents of the state, police, politicians,
  government workers and military are subject to
  the most intense propaganda

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• There is no doubt in the minds of these people
  that the state is always right, no mistakes are
  ever made by the government
• Failure to submit to the will of the state in
  thoughts or actions will result in brutal
  punishment

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Totalitarianism

• All citizens are encouraged to report suspicious
  activities of fellow citizens
• Fear of being accused of counterproductive
  thoughts keep individuals from talking openly
• Loyalty toward family and love of someone is
  illegalall love and loyalties belong to the state

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How rude

• There is no individual, all are part of the state
• To not be part of the state is to be dead
• EXAMPLE The Borg (Star Trekyes, Im a Trekkie)

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You should be happy living in the United States

• Totalitarian states almost always come into being
  as result of a revolution that replaces an
  ineffective government
• Most of the time a Great Leader develops to
  lead this revolution and run the country afterward

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Wrap UP

• Totalitarian systems were rare before the 20th
  century
• The technology was not available for the mass
  propaganda and secret monitoring of the people
• Big Brother is Watching

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Almost finished

• Mass media makes it easy for Totalitarian cults
  to develop
• Developments in electronic spying allow them to
  keep power

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• Once a totalitarian system is in place it is
  doubtful if it will ever collapse
• Adolf Hitlers Nazi Germany and Joseph Stalins
  Soviet Union are the best examples of
  totalitarianism
• It is theorized that If they did not wage war
  against each other that both would still exist
  today

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Democracy

• From two Greek words
• Demo meaning people
• Cracy meaning rule/govern
• In democracies all people have input on how the
  state is to be run

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Basic Fundamentals

• Human rights
• Equality before the law
• Protection of the minority

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Democracy continued

• In democracies, majority rules but this rule is
  coupled with guarantees that the minority is
  protected by law
• The rights of the minority do not depend on the
  goodwill of the majority

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Two types of Democracy

• Direct Democracyall citizens, without a middle
  man of an appointed or elected official, make
  public decisions
• Direct democracies are pure democracies
• They can only work with small numbers of citizens
• The first democracies were direct democracies

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Second type

• 2. Representative Democracycitizens elect
  officials to make political decisions for them,
  write laws, and run programs for the good of the
  country
• In a representative democracy, the people elected
  to office are accountable to those who elected
  them

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Representative continued

• Those representatives who do not do a good job
  are removed from office by the citizens

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Types of Government

• Of all the democracies attempted, the United
  States has the longest history of a democratic
  government at 231 years
• In contrast to the Phaross (monarchy) of Egypt
  which lasted over 3000 years