The Tudors 1485 1603

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The Tudors1485 - 1603

• Fabio Pesaresi
• fpesaresi_at_aliceposta.it

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The House of Tudor
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HENRY VII1485 - 1509

• Home policy
• Confiscated lands of the nobles defeated or dead
  in the War
• Avoided war because too expensive
• Popular among middle classes

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HENRY VII

• Foreign policy
• Trade agreements with Flanders and Spain
• Strategic marriages
• Arthur Catherine of Aragon
• Margaret James IV of Scotland
• Stregthens the fleet

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Arthur

• dies in 1502
• his brother Henry marries his wifeCatherine of
  Aragonobtaining a special dispensation from
  the Pope

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HENRY VIII1509 - 1547

• Renaissance king with a magnificant court
• poet and athlete
• ruthless with enemies

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The Reformation

• Origins
• anticlericalism (Lollardy in 12th century)
• doctrines of Martin Luther
• clash with the Pope

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The path to the breach with Rome

• 1521 nominated Defensor Fidei
• 1526 Request of dispensation to divorce
  Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn
• Pope Clemente VII denies the dispensation it is
  the second one, and he needs Spain against the
  Reformed princes in Germany

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The breach

• 1534
• Act of Supremacy
• Henry declares himself
• Supreme Head of the Church
• in England

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Consequences of the Reformation

• 1535 Sir Thomas More is beheaded
• more importance given to Parliament
• secretary Thomas Cromwell (known as Malleus
  Monachorum) advises the
• suppression of the monastic orders
• acquisition of their wealth

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The six wives

• Catherine of Aragon (divorced) Mary
• Anne Boleyn (executed) Elizabeth
• Jane Seymour Edward VI
• Anne de Cleves (divorced)
• Catherine Howard (executed)
• Catherine Parr

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Protestantism

• Confiscation of the lands of the Church donated
  or sold to middle classes
• Translation of the Bible to strengthen the
  English Church

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The last years of reign

• Progressive cruelty
• Widespread poverty
• inflation

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EDWARD VI1547 - 1553

• proceeds towards Protestantism
• Common Book of Prayers
• simpler worship and churches

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Edward VI, his father and the Pope
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