Nouns and Adjectives; Nominative and Accusative Case

1
Nouns and Adjectives Nominative and Accusative
Case

• I have already taught you about the case system
  in general, as well as the nominative and
  accusative cases specifically.
• This week the new information for you is to
  introduce the accusative plural endings and the
  3rd declension nouns with their endings.
• So lets look again at the chart that you should
  already have memorized.

2
1st and 2nd declensions(This should look
familiar!)

• 1st declension

• 2nd declension

s
pl
s
pl
nom.
nom.
-a
-ae
-us /-r
-i
gen.
gen.
dat.
dat.
acc.
acc.
-am
-um
abl.
abl.
voc.
voc.
Memorize, Memorize, Memorize!!!
3
Lets add 3rd declension

• 1st declension

• 2nd declension

• 3rd declension

pl
s
pl
s
pl
s
nom.
-a
-ae
nom.
-us /-r
-i
nom.
----
-es
gen.
gen.
gen.
dat.
dat.
dat.
acc.
-am
acc.
-um
acc.
-em
abl.
abl.
abl.
voc.
voc.
voc.
Notice that there is no standard ending for nom.
singular in 3rd declension. Each noun in 3rd
declension is unique in this case. No one single
ending exists. Just memorize each word as it
comes along.
4
Now with the accusative plural endings for all of
them.

• 1st declension

• 2nd declension

• 3rd declension

pl
s
pl
s
pl
s
nom.
-a
-ae
nom.
-us /-r
-i
nom.
----
-es
gen.
gen.
gen.
dat.
dat.
dat.
acc.
-am
acc.
-um
acc.
-em
-as
-os
-es
abl.
abl.
abl.
voc.
voc.
voc.
Memorize, Memorize, Memorize!!!
5
How about with adjectives?

• Recall, please, that adjectives must agree with
  the nouns they modify in case, number, and
  gender.
• The rule does not say that the declensions must
  match, only the case, number, and gender.
• This means that a 1st and 2nd declension
  adjective can agree with a 3rd declension noun
  with no problem.
• There are 3rd declension adjectives, but we will
  learn those later.

6
Lets see some

• happy girl puella laeta
• happy boy puer laetus
• happy voice vox laeta
• happy senator senator laetus
• angry letter epistula irata
• angry slave servus iratus
• angry mother mater irata
• angry father pater iratus

All agree in case, number and gender, so all
agree.