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Novel Weight Material Provides Various Fluid Solutions

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Increased lubricity and low viscosity should increase ROP and horizontal reach ... Downhole lubricity expressed as torque was 10 28 % improved over similar wells ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Novel Weight Material Provides Various Fluid Solutions


1
Novel Weight Material Provides Various Fluid
Solutions
AADE Fluids Management Group Meeting
  • Jim Friedheim

2
WARP Technology
  • WARP (Weighting Agent Research Project) fluids
    are drilling and completion fluids formulated
    with a high-density, extremely stable, liquid
    suspension of micron-sized barite.
  • Barite
  • Hematite
  • Ilmenite
  • Calcium Carbonate
  • Supplied as oil-based or water-based suspensions
  • Contrary to popular belief, the micron-sized WARP
    materials give low viscosity and enhanced fluid
    properties.

3
WARP what is it?
  • WARP fluids are micron sized, polymer coated
    weighting agents, prepared by grinding Barite (or
    other minerals) in water or oil to 1/50th of its
    original size, and added to water based drilling
    and completion fluids as a high density slurry.

4
WARP - Typical Particle Size Distribution
5
Just how fine is that?
1 micron WARP particle shown alongside against
human blood cells
6
Particle Settlement using Stokes Law
7
WARP Perceived Benefits
  • Sag potential of weighting material drastically
    reduced
  • Safer and more secure well control
  • The ability to design fluids with low, flat
    viscosity profiles
  • Reduced Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD)
  • Reduced surge/swab pressures / increased tripping
    speeds
  • Lower pump pressure, increased pump rate, better
    hole cleaning
  • Improved lubricity
  • Up to 50 reduction in Cf. in lab tests and 28
    in the field
  • Increased Solids Control Efficiency
  • Reduced waste and improved recycling
  • Overall less mud-related downtime

8
Oil-Based WARP Applications
  • ERD wells
  • Reduced pump pressures and ECD will alllow longer
    reach to be attained
  • Slim hole
  • Increased lubricity and low viscosity should
    increase ROP and horizontal reach in CTD and TTRD
    applications
  • HTHP Drilling
  • Reduced sag and ECD will help with pressure
    control and reduce downtime
  • Specialist applications (oil- and water-based)
  • Remediation of wells with casing pressure build
    up
  • Low-sag packer fluids
  • Reduced failure with pressure-activated
    completion tools

9
Oil-based WARP - FIRST FIELD TRIAL
  • Background Information
  • 8 ½ reservoir section from 2766 to 4053m MD
    (9075 13297)
  • Hole angle approx. 60 degrees
  • Density 1.58 sg (13.17 ppg)
  • 160 Bar (2321 psi) overbalance in lower part of
    the reservoir
  • Pre-determined Success Criteria
  • Drill well to TD
  • Controllable rheological properties while
    drilling, running liner and cementing.
  • No losses to the formation
  • Acceptable working conditions / no reported HSE
    incidents.
  • Similar or improved cement job

10
Fluid Properties
  • Section Properties
  • Density (sg / ppg) 1.58 / 13.17
  • O/W ratio 72/28 84/16
  • HTHP F. Loss 1.2 6.4
  • 100 rpm 15 19
  • 3 rpm 3 4
  • 10 Second Gel 4 6
  • Activity 0.89 0.82
  • LGS ( by vol) 0.7 6.8
  • ES (v) 675 706
  • XS Lime (kg/m³) 8.5 11.5

Typical Rheology _at_ 500 C
11
Observations I
  • Logistics
  • Pumped 1.99 sg OB WARP concentrate without
    problems to a total height of 38 39 meters at
    1000 L/min with 17.2 bar
  • ROP
  • No noticeable difference, 392 m/day average
  • Pump Rate and Pump Pressure
  • Generally higher pump rate possible with OB WARP
  • Average SPP of 258 bar at 1986 L/min
  • Torque
  • Noticeable improvement
  • Liner torque was 24-25 kNM vs. simulated 27 kNM

12
Observations II reduced ECD
13
Observations III
  • Hole cleaning
  • No pack-offs or uneven pump pressures
  • Product Consumption
  • Similar to previous wells
  • Mud consumption
  • 2.44 m3 mud / m3 open hole vs. 4.1 m3 mud / m3
    (ave. over 19 sections)
  • Screen configuration
  • 4 shakers fitted with 3250 mesh and 1200 mesh
    screens _at_ 2100 lpm
  • Running and rotating liner at TD
  • No problems RIH Full rotation of liner during
    cementing
  • Cementing
  • No losses to formation. Casing cemented per plan
  • HSE
  • No reported incidents but needs more attention
    (liquid weight material vs. dry powder)

14
Oil-based WARP - SECOND FIELD TRIAL
  • Background
  • 5? TTRD section from 3301 to 4270m MD (10830
    14009).
  • Hole angle KO at 60, drop to 35 then build
    back up to 75.
  • MW 1.56 sg (13.0 ppg).
  • 130 Bar (1885 psi) overbalance in lower part of
    reservoir
  • Evaluation Criteria
  • Stress test the WARP system
  • Fluid parameters
  • Sag stability
  • Product consumption
  • Verify drillability with the system
  • ROP and ECD
  • Torque
  • Pumprate /Pump pressure

15
Fluid Properties
  • Section Properties
  • Density (sg) 1.54 1.56
  • Density (ppg) 12.8 13.0
  • O/W ratio 79/21 84/16
  • HTHP F. Loss 1.6 2.8
  • 100 rpm 13 15
  • 3 rpm 2 3
  • 10 Second Gel, 3 4
  • Activity 0.93 0.85
  • LGS ( by vol) 1.4 7.0
  • ES (v) 660 725

Typical Rheology _at_ 500 C
16
Observations I
  • The fluid parameters remained stable over time
    with low rheological profile and no sag.
  • No increase in product additions necessary
  • Decreased overall consumption (6.8 vs 8.6)
  • ECD as expected from simulations
  • Increased pump rate / reduced pressure cf. OBM
  • ROP similar or improved over comparable well
  • Hole cleaning Good no sign of cuttings bed
  • No ECD variations or increased pump pressure
  • No pack-offs, constant low torque

17
Observations II
  • Torque
  • Noticable improvement over conventional OBM
  • Confirms values from Field Trial 1
  • Measured Friction Factors
  • 0.155 in casing vs. typically 0.17
  • 0.14 in open hole vs. typically 0.19

18
Conclusions
  • Oil-based WARP technology allows us to construct
    fluids with low rheological profiles. This in
    turn makes it possible to reduce the ECD
  • Oil-based WARP fluids are much more stable
    towards sag than conventional OBM.
  • The combination of low viscosity combined with
    small particle sizes give room for efficient
    solids separation at surface with reduced fluid
    dilution and fluid consumption as a result.
  • Downhole lubricity expressed as torque was 10
    28 improved over similar wells drilled with
    conventional OBM.

19
Conclusions
  • WARP technology also provides novel solution to
    fluid problems suchs as
  • ERD Drilling which has ECD lubricity
    constraints
  • Sustained casing pressure remediation
  • Brine applications limited by environmentral or
    cost considerations
  • Non-Sagging High Density/Low Viscosity drilling
    fluids options
  • CT
  • TTRD
  • HTHP Applications for mittigating sag tendencies
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