Title: ENERGY TRANSITION HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELLS RESEARCH ACTIVITY IN ROMANIA
1ENERGY TRANSITIONHYDROGEN AND FUEL CELLS
RESEARCH ACTIVITY IN ROMANIA
- Vasile Stanciu ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, ROMANIA
- Elena Enescu - INCDIE ICPE-CA, ROMANIA
- Roxana Elena Lazar ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, ROMANIA
March 16, 2005
2Outline of presentation
- Energy trends in Romania
- Energy administration and institutions
- Research administration and institutions
- Important projects in the field of H2-FC
- Events
3Energy Sources from ROMANIA
- Production of Electricity according to energy
sources in Romania, as compared to other
countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the
European Union.
4The structure of gross primary resources
consumption
Year 2001
5Primary energy sources in Romania
Projection - Year 2015
- Renewable sources of energy will have a major
role to the energy balance in upcoming years.
Romania has also an important energy potential
in solar, wind energy and biomass and offers
utilization availabilities at the local and
national level.
- The Strategy of capitalizing renewable energy
sources, drawn up by the Ministry of Economy and
Commerce in 2003, proposes as a 2015 target that
the share of renewable sources reach about 10 of
the overall demand.
6Renewable energy in Romania
- Today, the renewable energy in the amount of
primary energy sources is 5 - Although, Romania has a grate potential for
hydroelectric power, the current generation
capacity represent a small part of gross primary
resources consumption -
- The overall hydroelectric potential is about 40
TWh/year, 12 TWh being already developed - The Romanian wind resources are good, especially
to the mountain and Black Sea coast area. The
available potential realistic assessed was
estimate to 2000MW.
7Potential for wind energy
8Challenges
- Romania ratified the framework Convention on
Climate Changes. By signing the Kyoto protocol,
Romania committed itself to mitigate greenhouse
gas emissions with 8 versus 1989. Consequently,
environmental impact mitigation was a
particularly important objective of energy
policies, considering the perspective of
Romanias integration to European Union. - Renewable sources of energy play a particularly
important role Energy production on renewable is
expected to grow in the nearby future.
9Energy policy
- National Strategy for Energy Development on
Medium term - The National Energy Strategy on Medium Term
aims at the creation of efficient energy markets,
whose development could be ensured in a durable
way, in high quality and security conditions of
the energy supply, observing the EU energy
efficiency and environment protection standards. - The Strategy establishes three main
directions of activity - financial unblocking of the energy sector
- starting the privatization process in the
distribution and then in the electricity
production sector - ensuring a functional and sustainable
development on medium term by stimulating new
investments for the energy sector. - An essential objective of the National Strategy
for Energy Development is the increase of energy
efficiency on the whole chain of natural
resources, production, transport, distribution,
consumption, by an optimum use of market economy
mechanisms. - The main directions of the national policy in the
field of energy efficiency are - increasing the energy efficiency in all sectors
of the economy, - promoting the new financing mechanisms in order
to stimulate investments in the field of energy
conservation, - promoting private initiative and development of
energy services, promoting new technologies with
high-energy efficiency and international
co-operation in the field of energy efficiency.
10Energy Administration and Institutions, Funds and
Programs
- Public administration
- Ministry of Economy and Commerce (MEC) is
responsible for drawing up the national energy
strategy regarding to the energy sector
evolution, such as power and thermal energy,
hydroelectric and nuclear power, oil, natural
gas, mineral resources, mine-geology fields. - Romanian Agency for Energy Conservation (ARCE) is
in charge of promoting energy efficiency at the
national level. - The National Electricity and Heat Regulatory
create and implement fair and independent
regulations to ensure an efficient, transparent
and stable functioning of the electricity and
heat sector and market while protecting the
interests of consumers and investors. - National Regulatory Authority in Natural Gas
Sector (ANRGN) - Romanians National Agency for Mineral Resources
- Ministry of Agriculture, Forests, Water and
Environment (MAPAM)
11Energy related organizations
- Romanian Energy Policy Association
- The Romanian Association for Energy Efficiency
- ALGEPEM Iasi (Local Agency for Efficient
Management of Energy Environment Problems) - ENERO Centre for Promotion of Clean and
Efficient Energy in Romania - The Romanian Energy Cities Network
- Institute for Studies and Power Engineering
(ISPE) - ASA Holding SA
- ISCE Institute of Electric Power Studies
Consulting - INCDIE ICPE-CA National RD Institute for
Electrical Engineering - ICPE Research Institute for Electrical
Engineering New Energy Sources Laboratory - ICSI Ramnicu Valcea - National RD Institute for
Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - IPA SA RD Institute for Automation
- Intertermo Concept Ltd.
12Research administration and institutions
- Ministry of Education and Research
- Entities involved in research area
- Universities
- Institutes - Romania Academia
- - Ministry of Education and Research
- - Ministry of Commerce and Industry
- - Ministry of Environment
- Commercial societies
13Programs after year 2000
- National Research Development Innovation
Plan, coordinated by Ministry of Education and
Research has 12 programs - Projects with topics referring hydrogen
storage and fuel cells are developed in the
following programs
- MENER Program National RDI Program in the
field of Environment, Energy and Resources by the
raising of the economical competitiveness and of
sustainable economical development - Subprogram C Renewable, New and Conventional
Energies - MATNANTECH Program National RDI Program in
the field of New Materials, Micro and
Nanotechnologies - Subprogram 5 Materials for process engineering,
chemical and environment applications, with
thematic target Materials for storage,
conversion and generation of energy - CERES Program National RDI Program in the
field of fundamental research of social,
economical and cultural interest
- Grants are funding projects for young researchers
or researchers from Universities field. The aim
of grants is the training.
- Sectorial Plan of Research Development which
has as aims the economical raising at national
level and the preparing of integrating in the
European research space and the adhesion of our
country at EU -
14The evaluation procedure of the projects
- the projects are obtained by competition at
national level and are monitoring from technical
and economical point of view, by the monitors
specialized on the specific of the projects - evaluation of the projects
- contracting of the projects
- The stages of monitoring, evaluating are make
according to the instructions of Romanian
Ministry of Education and Research in concordance
with EU projects (FP5, FP6, EUREKA) and NATO
projects. - The projects are working in consortium among the
research entities, universities and end-users. - The types of the projects are
- EDP experimental-demonstrative project
- AP project with transfer at economical agents
- VP project with economical exploitation at
economical agents - For AP and VP the co financing varies between 10
up to 50 from the budget of the project (from
end-users).
15Funding of research activity in Romania
- Special attention was given to the RD and
innovation activity - Research Co-ordination
- Ministry of Education and Research
- - National Research - Development and Innovation
Plan (2001-2005) - - Nucleus Program (2003-2005)
- - RD Sectorial Plan (2004-2005)
-
16Organizations involved in research of hydrogen
and fuel cells from Romania
- ICSI Ramnicu Valcea H2-FC (PEMFC) RDD
- INCDIE ICPE-CA Bucharest - H2-FC (SOFC and PEM
FC) RDD - IFTM Bucharest H2 RD
- ITIM Cluj Napoca - H2 RD
- Petru Poni RD Institute of Iasi - FC RD
- ICEMENERG Bucharest FC (SOFC) RD
- Ilie Murgulescu Chemistry-Physics Institute of
Bucharest FC R - Universities
- University of Bucharest FC R
- POLITEHNICA University of Bucharest FC R
- OVIDIUS University of Constanta FC R
- University of Craiova FC R
17National MATNANTECH Program
THE IMPORTANT PROJECTS IN H2-FC FIELD
- Ceramic electrodes used in SOFC for medium
temperature / 2001 2004 27,000 EURO - Main Objective obtaining of ceramic
materials for anode (cermets from Ni and ZrO2
stabilized with Y2O3 (Ni-YSZ)) and for cathode
(La1-x(Sr, Ca)MnO3) where x 0,2 0,6. - Partners INCDIE ICPE-CA, ICEMENERG, University
of Bucharest
- Selective Ceramic Membranes For Oxygen Used In
Chemical Processes at High Temperatures/2004
33,000 Euro - Main objective processing and characterization
of ceramic membranes for syn-gas obtaining - Partners INCDIE ICPE-CA, ICEMENERG, University
of Bucharest - Ceramic Composite Materials for SOFC-IT/2000
47,000 Euro - Main objective processing and characterization
of oxide materials for medium temperature SOFC
(7000C 8000C) - Partners INCDIE ICPE-CA, ICEMENERG, University
of Bucharest
18National Nucleus Program - Ematadur project
- Materials and techniques for H2
storage/2004-2005 43,000 Euro - Main objective designing of some alloys systems
on the base of transition metal (Ti, Zr) and/or
alkaline metal (specially Mg with additives from
the Fe group) the perfection of method of
obtaining powdery materials micro and
nano-crystalline kinetics studies of H2
absorption. - Partners INCDIE ICPE-CA Bucharest
National CERES Program
- Studies on the H2 storage methods in soft
metallic alloys/2004-2006 43,000 Euro - Main objective the establishment of the
laboratory method for obtaining the alloys on the
base of Mg and of hydrides. - Partners INCDTCI-ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, INCDIE
ICPE-CA Bucharest, Pitesti University - Hydrogen isotopes storage in metals and metallic
compounds/2001 69,444 Euro - Main objective Study and characterization of
the metals and metallic alloys used in hydrogen
isotopes storage. - Partners INCDTCI-ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, INCDIE
ICPE-CA Bucharest
19National MENER Program
- Design and characterization study of MEA for PEM
fuel cells/2004 30,000 Euro - Main objective Synthesis and experimental
characterization of membrane electrode ensemble
for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. - Partners INCDTCI-ICSI Ramnicu Valcea
- Geometrical and Thermodynamically optimization
of a PEM fuel cells stack/2004 91,667 Euro - Main objective Design, modeling and
experimental study of a H2/Air PEM fuel cell
stack. - Partners INCDTCI-ICSI Ramnicu Valcea,
INCDIE ICPE-CA Bucharest - Integrated system for power production using
hydrogen and proton exchange membrane fuel
cells/2001 155,556 Euro - Main objective The achievement of an integrated
conversion energy system based on proton exchange
membrane fuel cells. - Partners INCDTCI-ICSI Ramnicu Valcea,
INCDIE ICPE-CA, University of Pitesti,
POLITEHNICA University of Cluj - Energy conversion and storage technology using
fuel cells for telecommunications/ 2002 88,889
Euro - Main objective Development of a coupled
system, hydrogen storage unit-fuel cells used in
stationary applications. - PartnersINCDTCI-ICSI Rm.Valcea, ITIM Cluj,
INCDIE ICPE-CA Bucharest
20RD Sectorial Plan
- The RD Sectorial Plan was launched on 1st
November 2004 by the Romanian Ministry of
Education and Research - The total budget is 5,8 mil. Euro
- Project Developing a Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Integrated RD Platform in Romania 2004 -2005 - The project financial support, of 325,000 , is
provided by the Ministry of Education and
Research 250,000 , and by the partners
themselves 75,000 . - Objectives
- to ascertain the scientific and technological
capabilities of the partners involved in the
H2FC field - to determine the directions of the future
development in this field, in connection with the
European strategy - to increase the national H2FC platform
scientific and technological capabilities in
hydrogen and fuel cells technology
21Romanian Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Platform
- The project is networking nine RD organizations
acting in the area of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in
Romania, in order to develop the Romanian
capabilities in this domain. - Partners
- Leader of the Consortium
- National RD Institute for Cryogenics and
Isotopic Technologies ICIT Rm. Valcea - Members
- National RD Institutes
- National R-D Institute for Electrical
Engineering-Advanced Research, ICPE-CA, Bucharest - National R-D Institute for Materials Physics,
Bucharest-Magurele - National R-D Institute for Isotopic and Molecular
Technologies - ITIM, Cluj-Napoca - National R-D Institute of Technical Physics -
IFT, Iasi - Universities
- Petroleum and Gas University, Ploiesti
- University Politehnica Bucharest
- Private Companies
- ZECASIN SA Bucharest,
- ICEMENERG SA Bucharest
22Romanian Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Platform
- The project is evolving a period of one year,
from December 2004 to December 2005, and its
scope is to support the RD lines in the HFC
field, which were already started by the
partners - Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- Hydrogen production via reforming
- Hydrogen storage on metal hydrides
- Hydrogen purification
- Bio-fuels
23Relevant projects on PECO - 93
- "The Feasibility of Electricity Production from
Biomass by Pressurized Gasification
Systems/1995-1997 85,000 ECU - Coordinator
ENEL - CTR, Pisa, Italy - Main objective Evaluate the potential of
biomass feedstock in Romanian conditions
Techno-economic assessment and evaluation the
feasibility of gasification based electricity
production Evaluation of selected process
concepts in Romanian conditions - "Decentralized Production of Electricity from
Biomass/1994-1997 55,000 ECU - coordinator NRI,
Chatham, United Kingdom - Main objective Evaluation of biomass fuel
potential from forestry waste, wood industry
waste and agricultural waste Technical and
economical evaluation for the generation of
electricity and heat from biomass - "Development of a Clean and High Efficiency
Prototype Plant for Biomass Cogeneration by
Combustion in an Atmospheric Fluidized Bed
Combustor and Heat Conversion into Electricity by
a Stirling Engine V-160"/1995-1997 125,000 ECU -
coordinator CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain - Main objective evaluate technical feasibility
of using fluidized bed combustion to burn biomass
refuses. Experiments at one pilot plant with
capacity of 1 MWth
24Alliance on Hydrogen andFuel Cells (H2FC-RO)
- Non-governmental organization
- Objectives
- Strengthening of Romanian researchers relations
with the European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell
Technology Platform - Strengthening of the non-governmental and
non-profit organizations role in adoption and
information of Romanian scientific and
technological Community in the field of hydrogen
and fuel cell economy - Supporting the research and production of fuel
cells and hydrogen in Romania, of technical
creation in the field of materials necessary for
the obtaining the fuel cells and hydrogen
storage, by financing and sponsoring,
publication, dissemination and application in
production - Logistic supporting of all actions for research,
production and using of hydrogen and fuel cells,
technology transfer in this field - Promoting of efficient technologies and
standardizing in the field of hydrogen and fuel
cells - Information of decision factors on targets at
European level for implementation of hydrogen and
fuel cells using in economical and houses
activities.
25Events
- July 15th 24th , 2005, Neptun-Olimp, Romania
- 1st International Summer School Conference on
FUEL CELLS FC 2005 - ELECTROCHEMISTRY, POROUS
MEDIA MULTI SCALE THERMOFLUID DESIGN - - This event will provide a comprehensive
assessment of current analytical, numerical and
experimental methods for the study of
electrochemical transport processes, multiphase
reacting flows, heat and mass transfer and fluid
flow through porous structures. - October 12th 14th, 2005, Calimesti-Caciulata,
Romania - The 11th International Conference on Cryogenics
and Isotopes Separation - This traditional event is a challenge for young
and senior researchers involved in hydrogen and
fuel cells, isotopes separation, isotopes
analysis, cryogenics technologies and
environmental protection to disseminate their
research results and to exchange ideas in order
to a better cooperation between Romanian and
foreigner researchers. - contact person Ph.D. Vasile Stanciu, e-mail
vstanciu_at_icsi.ro - http//www.icsi.ro/conference.html
26End of PresentationTHANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION!