The New York Breeding Bird Atlas: Classroom Lessons in Evolution and Geography Jeremy J' Kirchman, C - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The New York Breeding Bird Atlas: Classroom Lessons in Evolution and Geography Jeremy J' Kirchman, C

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Title: The New York Breeding Bird Atlas: Classroom Lessons in Evolution and Geography Jeremy J' Kirchman, C


1
The New York Breeding Bird Atlas Classroom
Lessons in Evolution and GeographyJeremy J.
Kirchman, Curator of Birds, NYSM
2
What is the Breeding Bird Atlas?
  • A multi-year citizen science project to survey
    of all the birds species that breed in NY.
  • A re-survey, providing a snapshot of 20 years of
    change in bird distributions
  • A book, a website, an exhibit
  • An important tool for education, research, and
    conservation.

3
An interesting tidbit to get you thinking about
range maps and evolution The Red-bellied
Woodpecker
USGS Breeding Bird Survey Map for 2003
4
An interesting tidbit to get you thinking about
range maps and evolution The Red-bellied
Woodpecker
  • NY BBA Map 1980-85 NY BBA Map 2000-05

5
And how does this affect a closely related
species, the Red-headed Woodpecker?
  • NY BBA Map 1980-85 NY BBA Map 2000-05

6
Outline for todays talk
  • Introduction to the Breeding Bird Atlas
  • Using the BBA in your classroom
  • Evolutionary concepts illustrated by the Atlas
  • Investigating distribution changes over last 20
    years
  • A fun exercise to think about the causes of
    change
  • Tour of Mapping the Birds of New York

7
The Atlas of Breeding Birds in New York State.
1988. R. F. Anderle J. R. Carrol, eds.
Surveys conducted 1980-1985
8
Methodology
  • Ten regions, regional coordinators
  • 5332 blocks, 5km x 5km

9
Atlas Region 7 690 blocks
10
Data Collection
  • Surveyors visited all habitats in their block
  • Spend gt8 hours, at least one nocturnal survey
  • Record evidence of breeding in all species
  • Possible bird seen in likely habitat
  • Probable territory, courtship, nest building
  • Confirmed nest with eggs, incubation, feeding
    young, fledglings

11
New York States Second Breeding Bird Atlas
  • Field work 2000-05 using same methods as 1980-85
  • 1,200 volunteers surveyed 5,333 5x5 km blocks
  • 519,562 observations of 253 species ( 3 hybrids)
  • Compiled by regional coordinators and sent to
    project coordinator Kimberly Corwin at NYSDEC
  • Sponsored by The New York State Ornithological
    Association, NYSDEC (Give a Gift to Wildlife) and
    Cornell University Department of Natural
    Resources and Lab of Ornithology

12
The Second Atlas of Breeding Birds in New York
State. 2008. K. J. McGowan K. Corwin, Eds.
Surveys conducted 2000-2005
13
What changed in New York since 1980?
  • Human population grew 7.5, but also shifted
    (18/62 counties lost population)
  • Freshwater wetlands increased and tidal wetlands
    decreased
  • Agriculture and associated grasslands continued
    to decline
  • Forest cover stayed the same (62), but matured

14
Changes in bird distributions
253 breeding species
70 (28) increased
125 (49) no change
58 (23) decreased
15
Top 20 increases in distribution
16
Top 20 increases in distribution
17
Top 20 increases in distribution
18
Bald Eagle 1164 increase
19
Tufted Titmouse 99 increase
20
Carolina Wren 308 increase
21
Coopers Hawk 145 increase
22
Wild Turkey 132 increase
23
  • Palm Warbler
  • New NY breeder in 1st atlas
  • Now in 43 blocks (4300)


24
6 New Species Trumpeter Swan, Common Eider ,
Black Vulture, Merlin, Sandhill Crane, Wilsons
Phalarope
Black Vulture found in 102 blocks!
25
6 New Species Trumpeter Swan, Common Eider ,
Black Vulture, Merlin, Sandhill Crane, Wilsons
Phalarope
Found in 129 blocks!
26
Top 20 Declines in distribution
27
Top 20 Declines in distribution
28
Henslows Sparrow 80 decrease
29
Red-headed Woodpecker 76 decrease
30
2 species were lost Confirmed in first
Atlas, but not in second Canvasback and
Loggerhead Shrike
31
2 species were lost Confirmed in first
Atlas, but not in second Canvasback and
Loggerhead Shrike
32
Breeding Bird Atlas in the Classroom
  • Use the BBA website (www.dec.ny.gov/cfmx/extapps/b
    ba), and other sites with facts about birds
    (www.dec.ny.gov/animals/271, www.birds.cornell.edu
    )
  • Compare maps for species with habitat or
    elevation requirements
  • Compare maps from 1985 and 2005
  • Generate lists of species for individual blocks
    to investigate changes in your own backyard

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37
Multiple choice habitat questions Which of these
species nests on cliffs and tall buildings? Which
of these species requires large bodies of
water? Which of these species nests only where
humans live?
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Block 5872B
  • 8 species lost since 1980-85
  • Ring-necked Pheasant
  • Roughed Grouse
  • Great Horned Owl
  • Killdeer
  • Whip-poor-will
  • Common Nighthawk
  • Chimney Swift
  • Eastern Meadowlark
  • 24 gained since 1980-85
  • Wild Turkey, American Woodcock, Broad-winged
    Hawk, Red-shouldered Hawk, Red-bellied
    Woodpecker, Black-billed Cuckoo, Yellow-billed
    Cuckoo, Great-crested Flycatcher, Eastern Wood
    Peewee, Alder Flycatcher, Willow Flycatcher,
    Red-breasted Nuthatch, Brown Creeper, Carolina
    Wren, Purple Martin, Blue-headed Vireo,
    Yellow-throated Vireo, Blue-winged Warbler,
    Nashville Warbler, American Redstart, Pine
    Warbler, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Ovenbird,
    White-throated Sparrow, Dark-eyed Junco

48
What can your students learn from studying the
atlas?
  • Vocabulary biogeography, topography, population,
    niche, breeding-range, distribution, data, trend,
    habitat specialist/generalist, extirpation,
    colonization, competition, land-use
  • How to read and compare maps
  • Species evolve in a response to environmental
    changes
  • Evolution happens all the time, and can be seen
    on timescales as short as 20 years

49
One last example of the evolutionary importance
of distributionsThe case of the hybridizing
warblers
Blue-winged Warbler
Golden-winged Warbler
50
53 Decline in 20 years Uses early successional
habitats
51
Long history of expansion into GWW range Uses
early and late successional habitats Is more
aggressive than GWW
52
Outline for todays talk
  • Introduction to the Breeding Bird Atlas
  • Using the BBA in your classroom
  • Evolutionary concepts illustrated by the Atlas
  • Investigating distribution changes over last 20
    years
  • A fun exercise to think about the causes of
    change
  • Tour of Mapping the Birds of New York

53
Thanks for your attention. Any questions?
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