The%20Olympic%20Games

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The Olympic Games

• Chapter 11 Section 1

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• The Olympic Games
• A. First games held in 776 BCE at Olympia,
  Greece
• 1. Games always held in Olympia
• B. Held every 4 years- a 4 year period of time
  is called an Olympiad

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• C. Contestants came from all over the worldfrom
  the Greek city-states, Spain, and Libya
• 1. However, men competed as individuals, not as
  national teams

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• D. The Olympics started as a 5 day summer
  festival to honor the God Zeus
• 1. The games were played throughout the festival
  activities
• 2. Athletes prayed to the gods for victories and
  thanked them for successes

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• E. All wars, battles, etc. stopped during the
  Olympics
• 1. If you refused to stop fighting, you paid a
  fine (Sparta)

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• F. Only men competed- women were not even allowed
  to watch!
• 1. Punishment for watching thrown over a
  cliff
• 2. There was a separate Olympics for women
• called the Heraea

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• G. Each athlete swore to Zeus to honor the rules
  of the game
• 1. Punishment for breaking the rules fined
• 2. Money was used to build statues of Zeus

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• 3. Statues would have descriptions of
• the cheaters, and then put on
• display at the Olympics so people
• could mock them

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• H. Events that happened during the five days at
  the Olympics
• 1. Day One- sacrifices to Zeus (bulls-up to 100
  a day!)

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• Day Two
• a. Chariot races- horse drawn cart
• 1.) held at Hippodrome- oval track
• 2.) 9 mile race (12 laps)

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• b. Pentathlon
• 1.) Best overall athlete
• in 5 events
• 2.) Events were running, jumping, discus
  throw (9 pounds), wrestling, and javelin throw

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• Day Three- more sacrifices (oxen, bulls)
• Day Four
• a. Foot races
• 1.) ran barefoot
• 2.) Had 4 different race lengths
• 3.) One race was in full body armor
• (50-60 extra pounds!)

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• b. Wrestling
• 1.) To win, you needed to throw your opponent
  down 3 times
• 2.) No biting, but could break fingers

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• c. Boxing
• 1.) Hands covered in leather straps with metal
  studs
• 2.) No rounds- fought until opponent was knocked
  out or admitted defeat

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• d. Pancratium
• 1.) Free-for-all fight
• 2.) NO biting or eye-gouging!

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• Day Five
• a. Champions receive Olive Wreaths and have a
  big banquet

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• Some winners were honored for life- others given
  free meals for a year

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• c. Olympic winners did NOT receive any money
• 1.) This was a competition for glory and victory
• 2.) The Olympic Spirit

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• I. The ancient Olympics stopped being held in 394
  AD
• a. This was because Rome had taken over
• b. Roman emperor felt the games were pagan and
  not Christian

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• J. In 1896 AD the Olympic Games were restarted
• a. 311 men competed
• b. Came from 13 countries
• c. Held in Athens, Greece

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• In 1900, women were allowed
• to compete
• L. In 1924, first Winter Olympics were held

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• M. In 1992, it was the last year both the
  winter and summer Olympics were in the same
  year they are now every two years

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• 1994- winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway
• 1996- summer Olympics in Atlanta, GA
• 1998- winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan
• 2000- summer Olympics in Sydney,
• Australia
• 2002- winter Olympics in Salt Lake City,
• Utah
• 2004- summer Olympics in Athens, Greece-
• 10,500 athletes from 201 countries!

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• 2006- winter Olympics in Torino, Italy
• 2008- summer Olympics in Beijing, China
• 2010- winter Olympics in Vancouver,
• Canada
• 2012- summer Olympics in London,
• England
• 2014- winter Olympics in Sochi City,
• Russia
• 2016- summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro,
• Brazil

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• N. Olympic motto- Citius, Altius, Fortius
  meaning Faster, higher, stronger

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• O. Olympic flag- white background, five
  interlaced rings- blue, red, black, green, and
  yellow

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• P. Olympic flame- lit at Olympia, Greece,
  then carried to present site of Olympics

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• Q. Olympic Creed- The most important thing is
  to take part, NOT WIN! The most important thing
  in life is not the triumph but the struggle.
• "The most important thing in the Olympic Games
  is not to win but to take part, just as the most
  important thing in life is not the triumph but
  the struggle. The essential thing is not to have
  conquered but to have fought well."

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• R. Some modern day events
• Summer Winter
• Aquatics
• Rowing Bobsleigh
• Badminton Curling
• Golf Ice hockey
• Basketball Luge
• Canoe/kayak Biathlon
• Rugby Skating
• Table Tennis Skiing
• Gymnastics
• Archery
• Tennis
• Triathlon
• Sailing