Leadership%20in%20Islam

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Leadership in Islam

• Definition
• Lead to achieve an objective and
• Compete to be ahead of others to seek the
  pleasure of Allah and success in hereafter.
• Why?
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• Thus, have We made of you an Ummat justly
  balanced, that ye might be witnesses over
• the nations, and the Messenger a witness over
  yourselves and We appointed the Qibla to
• which thou wast used, only to test those who
  followed the Messenger from those who
• would turn on their heels (From the Faith).
  Indeed it was (A change) momentous, except to
• those guided by Allah. And never would Allah Make
  your faith of no effect. For Allah is to
• all people Most surely full of kindness, Most
  Merciful.
• 002.143 (Al-Baqara)

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Part I- Characteristics of a Leader

• Definition
• Pre-requisites
• Qualities/Characteristics
• Personal
• Interpersonal

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Definition of a Leader
A Leader is one who

• Organizes
• Physical assets
• Intellectual assets

• Provides guidance

• Influences
• Actions
• Behaviors

• Achieves set goals

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Quran on leadership

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• (They are) those who, if We establish them in the
  land, establish regular prayer and give regular
  charity, enjoin the right and forbid wrong with
  Allah rests the end (and decision) of (all)
  affairs.
• Al-Qur'an, 022.041 (Al-Hajj The Pilgrimage)

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Quran ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????
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??????? It is He Who hath made you (His) agents,
inheritors of the earth He hath raised you in
ranks, some above others that He may try you in
the gifts He hath given you for thy Lord is
quick in punishment yet He is indeed
Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.Al-Qur'an, 6.165
(Al-Anaam)
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Leadership in Quran

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• Is it they who would portion out the Mercy of
  thy Lord? It is We Who portion out between them
  their livelihood in the life of this world and
  We raise some of them above others in ranks, so
  that some may command work from others. But the
  Mercy of thy Lord is better than the (wealth)
  which they amass. Al-Qur'an, 043.032 (Az-Zukhruf)

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Leadership in Hadith

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• Behold! Everyone of you is a leader and you
  shall be asked about those you lead. Imam is a
  leader over the people and shall be asked about
  them a man is a leader of the house and shall be
  asked about his household a woman is a leader
  over her children and she shall be asked about
  them.
• (Reported Abdullah Ibn Omar in Bukhari and
  Muslim ).

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Hadith Significance of Jamaah

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• Musnad Ahmad

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Hadith- Best and worst amongst the leaders

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• Muslim 3447

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Hadith- Obedience of Ameer

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Leadership in Hadith

• Prophet (SAW) said the following regarding
  leadership in an Islamic Jamaah
• Whosoever obeyed the leader, he obeyed me and
  whosoever disobeyed the leader, he disobeyed me.
  (Muslim)
• I order you of five things to be with Al
  Jamaah, to listen (to the leaders), to obey (the
  leaders orders), Hijrah (migration) and Jihad .
  (Ahmad , Tirmizi)
• If one dies and there is no ring of Bayah
  (pledge of allegiance) in his neck, he died in
  jahiliyyah ( that is out of Islam.). (Muslim).
• Whenever three of you are traveling, you should
  elect one as your leader. (Abu Dawood)
• Listening to and obeying ( the commands of the
  leader) is obligatory upon a Muslim whether he
  likes it or not as long as it is not in the
  disobedience of Allah (SWT).When a command is
  given in the disobedience of Allah (SWT), then
  there is no listening and no obedience.
• (Bukhari and Muslim).

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Leadership- Quotes

• Leadership The art of getting someone else to
  do something you want done by making him believe
  he wants to do it.
• -Dwight D Eisenhower
•  
• If you wish to know what a man is, place him in
  authority.
• Proverb
•  
• The authority of a group is no stronger than the
  Leader who leads it.
• Unknown
• Real Leadership does not demand allegiance..it
  earns it
• To be a leader one must be trustworthyto be
  trustworthy, one must be truthful

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Pre-requisites

• Taaluq Billah
• Taqwah
• No desire

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Qualities of effective leadership

• Influence
• - Creates a vision of the future
• - Rational strategy to move to the vision
• -Enlists the support of workers
• Ability to motivate core group of people

• Authority
• Clear authority must be given by the people
• and/or by the by-laws

• Respect Popularity (due to character
• and conduct)

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The effectiveness of leadership depends on the
following

• Personality and character of the leader.
• Quality of the workers.
• Quality and atmosphere of the Jamaah.

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The importance of the personality and
characteristics of a leader

• Leader is the symbol of the organization and
  represents its nature and quality.
• Leader is the center of authority.
• Leader is the driving force for the Jamaah.

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Detailed Characteristics

• 1. Taqwah with excellent conduct and character.
• This is to be done through a constant struggle
  to develop
• A. close relation with Allah (SWT)
• B. love of the Prophet (SAW), Sahaba and
  Ulama
• C. concern and fear of the accountability in
  the Akhirah.

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• 2. Knowledge and practice of Islam,
  administrative experience, and wisdom (hikmah) of
  leadership.
• Wisdom (hikmah) includes the following
• A. Understanding the specific thinking and
  situation of individuals and deal with them
  at their level.
• B. Knowing how to perform best with the best
  abilities and talents and deal with the
  difficulties in the way
• C. Know the circumstances and makes an
  appropriate strategy
• D. In depth understanding of the deen and its
  application in the changing environment.

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• 3. Establishing Al Islam is the true objective
  of his life. He must have true love and
  priority for his mission and the Jamaah. And must
  be an example of utmost sacrifice for this
  mission.

• 4. Honesty , integrity and trustworthiness, with
  history
• of selfless service.

• 5. Competence. He should have the critical
  skills of
• leadership, i.e., observation, analysis,
  coaching,
• recognizing the potentials, delegation, feed
  back.

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• 6. Decision making ability after appropriate
  consultation and then ability to implement the
  decision.

7. Ability to motivate and discipline when
necessary.
8. He should be flexible in his attitude with
Hikmah depending upon the situation but he
should be firm in his decisions and zeal
to move to the objectives.
9. Humility and recognition of his limitations.
10. Ability to speak, write and use modern
techniques of communication.
11. Good physical health.
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Characteristics that should not exist

• Pride and arrogance.
• Seek recognition and notoriety.
• Desire to seek leadership or other benefits.
• Considering him perfect or better than others.
• This can lead to
• a- discouragement of muhasiba
• b-jealousy
• c- suspicion about others
• d- backbiting
• e- false accusation and reporting
• f- evil najwah
• g- grouping.

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• Imbalance in thoughts and actions. It leads to
• a- looking at one side of the issue
• b- extremism and unnecessary insistence upon
  ones opinion and condemning others viewpoint
• c-unpleasant argumentation
• d- grouping.
• Weak determination. This leads to
• a- lack of interest in the work of the Jamaah.
  b- lack of activity
• c- giving priority to other personal matters
• d- when asked , gives excuses
• e- blames weaknesses of the individuals and
  the Jamaah as the reason for his inactivity
  

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• Narrow-mindedness. (Shuh Nafs) .This can express
  itself as
• a-ignoring ones mistakes but not forgiving
  others
• b-considers his difficulties important but
  others difficulties are just excuses
• c-enforcing ones liking upon others but not
  give any value to others liking
• d- unnecessary criticism of others stands
• e- intolerance to others opinion
• f- bitterness in the relations and mutual
  arguments and insights.

• In any organization, 20 workers accomplish 80
  work
• and 80 of workers accomplish 20 work.

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Atmosphere

• In every Jamat an atmosphere must be developed
  and/or maintained by its leadership

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5 different elements which determine the
atmosphere in a Jamaah.

• Directions and expectations of the higher bodies
  ( Shura and the General Assembly).
• Type of work.
• Leadership has to allocate their attention
  depending upon the type of work, i.e., regular,
  emergency, or temporary work.
• Culture of the organization.
• Pressure of time.
• Traditions established by other leaders in the
• Jamaah or organizations of similar nature.

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3 Basic operational principles of Islamic
leadership

• Shura
• Justice and fairness in dealing with individuals
  and dispute solving.
• Freedom of thought and Muhasibah

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Responsibilities of Leadership

• Participation
• This includes
• Planning- leader should chalk out a plan
  answering the what, when, where, how and who
  questions.
• Implementation of plans- This will include
  assignments and allocation of resources in order
  to carry out the plan which is meant to
  accomplish set goals.
• Follow up

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• Communication
• Leader must communicate at three levels
• With higher bodies
• With workers
• With experts of different fields
• With different ages/ethnicities/genders

• Problem Solving
• Leader must address problems
• By proper place/time/setting/forum
• With proper mutual understanding/consultation
• With authority when necessary

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• Develop resources and fulfill needs with those
  resources

• Maintain discipline
• This includes
• Ways to strengthen Jamat by strengthening
  membership ties
• Preventative measures
• Implement disciplinary action against violators
  appropriately-efficiently and effectively

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• Understanding of Workers
• leader must understand
• Level of understanding
• Level of attachment
• Level of commitment
• Areas of interest
• Productive focuses
• Sensitivities

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Points to remember of workers

• Some workers need clear guidelines for their
  assignment.
• Workers who have the knowledge and experience
  like to work with some broad guidelines.
• Those who are less active may need motivation.
• Those who violate the principles may need
• disciplinary action when appropriate.

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Styles of Leadership

• 4 Styles
• 1. Autocrat- issues orders to be fulfilled with
  no questions.
• 2. Benevolent Autocrat- listens to others, gives
  impression of being democratic and makes his own
  decisions.
• 3- Democrat- Shares decision making, explains
  reasons for personal decisions, objectively
  communicates criticism and praise.
• 4- Laissez-faire- has little confidence in
  himself, sets no goals for the group, minimizes
  communication and group interaction.

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7 Substyles

• Styles that are a combination of the above 4
  types

1- Leader makes his decision, announces it and
then implements it. 2- Leader makes his
decision and then tries to convince the
workers. 3- Leader tells his ideas to the
workers and then through discussion
implements his decision. 4- Leader presents
possible decision before the workers and
with their consultation, he is willing to make
some changes.
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• 5- Leader tells the objective to the workers,
  gets
• their opinion and then makes his decision.
• 6-Leader tells the objective, consults the
  workers and then makes a collective decision.
• 7- Leader tells the objective and then leaves up
  to the workers to discuss and make a decision.

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Positive leadership habits

• Know where your time goes.
• Focus on concrete results
• Build on strengths and not weaknesses
• Concentrate on few major areas or priorities
  where consistent hard work will produce results
• Put complete trust in Allah and be afraid of
  nothing.

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Who is not a leader?

• One who comes to assembly unprepared, has done no
  home work and says tell me what to do.
• One who has no alternative plans or strategy to
  discuss.
• One who is not willing to take any risks, is
  timid and is intimidated.
• One who wants to please everyone.
• Some leaders just follow the followers or a
  group of followers.