Unit 5: The Roman World

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Unit 5 The Roman World

• Chapter 10 The Roman Republic
• Page 294-313
• Chapter 11 Rome and Christianity
• Page 319-343

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Bell Work (15 minutes)2/4-2/5

• Define Ch. 10-1 Terms and People
• Create a replica of the map on page 295 (be sure
  to label everything you see on the map)

• Aeneas
• Romulus and Remus
• Republic
• Dictators
• Cincinnatus
• Plebeians
• Patricians

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Chapter 10 Main Ideas

1. Romes location and government helped it become a
   major power in the ancient world.
2. Romes tripartite government and written laws
   helped create a stable society.
3. The later period of the Roman Republic was marked
   by wars of expansion and political crises.

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Chapter 10 The Roman WorldVocabulary

• Aeneas
• Romulus and Remus
• Republic
• Dictators
• Cincinnatus
• Plebeians
• Patricians

• Legions
• Punic Wars
• Hannibal
• Gaius Marius
• Lucius Cornelius Sulla
• Spartacus

• Magistrates
• Consuls
• Roman Senate
• Veto
• Latin
• Checks and Balances
• Forum

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10-1 Geography and the Rise of Rome

1. The geography of Italy made land travel
   difficult, but helped the Romans prosper.
2. Ancient historians were very interested in Romes
   legendary history.
3. Once a monarchy, the Romans created a republic.

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• Create a replica of the map of Italy on page 295.
• Label all waters, cities, countries, and
  mountains shown on the map

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Why do they call the Italian Peninsula The Boot?
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Main Idea 1 The geography of Italy made land
travel difficult but helped the Romans prosper.

• Most of Italy is covered with hills. Italians
  built their cities on the hills for defense.
• Two major mountain ranges, the Alps and the
  Apennines, created rugged land that was hard to
  cross.
• Some of Italys mountains were volcanic. Their
  eruptions could devastate Roman towns.
• They also built cities near rivers for a source
  of fresh water. Rome lies on the Tiber River.
• Rome had a mild climate that led to a plentiful
  food supply and the citys early growth.

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Main Idea 2 Ancient historians were very
interested in Romes legendary history.

• Little is known about Romes early history
  because no written records exist.
• Imagining the glorious past, people told legends,
  or stories.

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Aeneas
The Romans believed they could trace their
history to a great Trojan leader named Aeneas.
The Aeneid, an epic poem written by Virgil, tells
about Aeneass trip to Italy. After the Greeks
destroyed Troy, he fled to Italy and formed an
alliance with the Latins.
He became a ruler in Italy after marrying the
daughter of the Latin king.
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Romulus and Remus

• According to legend, the founders of Rome were
  orphaned twin brothers raised by wolves.
• Romulus killed Remus because he mocked one of
  Romuluss ideas for a city they were planning.
• Romulus then built the city and named it Rome
  after himself.

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Romes Early Kings

• Roman records list seven kings who ruled the
  city, some of whom were Etruscans.
• The Etruscans made contributions such as huge
  temples and Romes first sewer.
• Some think that Rome learned the alphabet and
  numbers from the Etruscans.
• The last Roman king was said to have been a cruel
  man, who had many people killed. A group of
  nobles rose up against him and overthrew him.
• The nobles no longer wanted a king, so they
  created a new government.

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Main Idea 3Once a monarchy, the Romans created
a republic.

• The Romans created a republic in 509 BC in which
  elected officials ran the city.
• They protected against anyone staying in power
  for too long by limiting terms to one year.

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Challenges from the Outside

• During difficult wars, the Romans chose
  dictators, rulers with almost absolute power, to
  lead the city.
• They could stay in power only six months, to
  avoid abusing their power.

• One of Romes famous dictators was Cininnatus.
• He quickly defeated his enemies, and returned to
  farming long before his six-month term
  was up.

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Challenges within Rome

• Plebeians
• The plebeians, or common people, were made up of
  peasants, craftspeople, traders, and other
  workers.
• They called for change in the government to give
  them more say in how things were run.
• They also formed a council and elected their own
  officials.

• Patricians
• The patricians held almost all political power.
• Only patricians could be elected to office.
• Fearing that Rome would be split in two, they
  decided it was time to change the government.

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Guided Questions 10-120 minutes

• Building one of the greatest civilizations, Rome
  conquered many territories, including ___, ____,
  and _____.
• Like Greece, Italy is a ______ in Southern
  Europe. It also has two major mountain ranges
  ______ and _______ which made it hard for people
  to cross through the peninsula.
• Italy was also very hilly in fact, Rome was
  built on ___ hills along the ____ River.
• Romes climate is similar to what U.S. state?
• What was one key factor in Romes early growth?
• Completely explain The Aeneid by Virgil and how
  Aeneas family became the prominent rulers in
  Italy.
• What is the Roman legend of the foundation of
  Rome?
• Who was the 1st king of Rome? How many kings do
  Roman records list?
• Who were the Etruscans?
• Describe the action s of the last Roman king.
  This led to the creation of a new government.
• What new government did the Roman nobles create
  in 509 BC?
• Was the early republic more like a democracy or
  an oligarchy? Explain your answer.
• What happened shortly after the Romans created
  the republic?
• During war, the Romans chose ______ to lead the
  city, which could only stay in power for 6
  months.
• Who was Romes famous dictator who gained power
  in 458 BC? What did he do during his reign?
• In addition to their enemies, what challenges
  were Romans facing within their city?
• How were patricians and plebeians different?

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Chapter 10-1 ReviewCorrectly identify the
following pictures with the appropriate label

• 1.

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• 2.

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• 3.

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• 4.

What does this represent?
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• 5.

dog
dog
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• 6.

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• 7.

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• 8.

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Turn-in today

• Bell Work
• Chapter 10-1 Terms
• Replica of Italy (295)
• Chapter 10-1 Guided Questions
• Explaining through pictures activity

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I should be able to answer the essential
questions now.

• How did the geography of Italy help the Romans
  prosper?
• What is Romes legendary story?
• What type of government did the Romans have at
  its creation?

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Academic Vocabulary3rd Nine Weeks

1. DefinitionSocial Studies related sentence

1. Influence
2. Political System (political)
3. Laissez-faire
4. Civil
5. Secular
6. Economic
7. Complex
8. Clergy
9. Aspect
10. Legacy