Bronchopneumonia

1

• Bronchopneumonia

2

• A type of pneumonia
• inflammation of the walls of the smaller
  bronchial tubes, with irregular areas of
  consolidation due to spread of the inflammation
  into the peribronchiolar alveoli and the alveolar
  ducts of the lungs
• terminal bronchioles become clogged with
  mucopurulent exudate to form consolidated patches

3

• usually a result of the spread of infection from
  the upper to the lower respiratory tract, most
  common caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma
  pneumoniae, Staphylococcus pyogenes, or
  Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• The most common cause in infancy is the
  respiratory syncytial virus.
• Bronchopneumonia ?pleural effusion, empyema, lung
  abscess, peripheral thrombophlebitis, respiratory
  failure, congestive heart failure, and jaundice.

4

• Presenting signs and symptoms
• High fever
• Cough (initially unproductive to productive with
  sputum yellow ? greenish)
• Tacypnea
• Breath sounds crackles, decrease breath sounds,
  rales
• Chest pain
• Retraction
• Nasal flaring
• Pallor to cyanosis
• Irritability, restlessness, malaise, lethargy
• Poor feeding
• Gastrointestinal signs Vomiting, Diarrhea,
  Abdominal pain
• can be the "non specific" symptoms such as
  irritability and decreased appetite or feeding
  without any specific respiratory or chest
  symptoms.

5
Nursing Management

• Bacterial pneumonia
• Supportive and symptomatic
• Antipyretic
• Oxygenation (humidified via nasal or face mask)
• Comfortable position
• Antibiotic
• Close observation for the respiratory status and
  other vital signs
• Strict I/O charting (usually IVI)
• Encourage fluid intake
• Suction as to maintain patent airway (may use
  non-invasive suction device to suction his nares)
  
• Nebulizer bronchodilator treatment may be
  prescribe depending on the childs condition
• Information giving to family and child
  accordingly
• Enough rest and discourage vigorous activity
  (offer quite play)

• Viral pneumonia
• Symptomatically treated
• Promote oxygenation (positioning, comfort, oxygen
  administration as order by paediatrician,
  postural drainage,
• Antipyretic for fever
• Strict I/O charting
• Family support (FCC)