Medieval and Renaissance Art and Architecture

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Medieval and Renaissance Art and Architecture

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This first section of art also known as

• The Middle Ages

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Medieval Architecture
Romanesque Cathedral in Trier, Germany
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Romanesque Architecture

• Roman-like in that it
• 1.) concrete is used to build thick,
• heavy walls
• 2.) arches

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Speyer Cathedral, Germany
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Romanesque Cathedral Layout

• www.owlnet.rice.edu/hart205/ Cathedrals/Plan/plan
  .html
• www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/ ajmcq/
• www.croatia.net/html/ romanesque.html
• www.sitesatlas.com/Places/ spaPicosDeEuropa.htm

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Interior of St. Sernin in Toulouse, France,
11th-12th century

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Gothic Cathedrals

Chartres Cathedral, France, 12th century
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Gothic Architecture

• Pointed arches
• Stained Glass windows
• Taller thinner walls supported by flying
  buttresses
• Ribbed vaults

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Chartres Cathedral
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Layout of Chartres

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• Interior of
• Chartres
• Cathedral

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Ceiling of Chartres ribbed vaults

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Portal (doorway) of Chartres

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Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris

Flying buttresses support the walls
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Gargoyle (water spouts) from Notre Dame
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• Notes
• What are characteristics of
• art from the Middle Ages?

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• Front façade
• of the
• Notre Dame

Building of churches is a characteristic of the
Middle Ages
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Stained Glass Windows, Notre Dame religious
events in pictures

Another characteristic of this art
period Stained-glass windows
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Medieval Paintings holy figures have a halo

Another characteristic of this Art
period Religious themes
The Crusades
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Illuminated (illustrated) manuscripts decorated
picture books created to help illiterate
people

A characteristic Of this art period Illuminated
manuscripts
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Problem Size of people is not consistent
important people are always the biggest, usually
in the center
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Illuminated Manuscripts

Crucifixion from the Book of Hours, France,
1475-1480
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Characteristics of Medieval Painting

• Figures are flat (cartoon-like)
• Size of person shows importance
• Religious in subject (never naked!!)
• No use of perspective
• Golds and reds used frequently

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Medieval Sculpture Madonna and Child

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Human anatomy - not exactly spot on!

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How did art reflect Medieval society and its
beliefs?

• Shows the importance of religion and the Catholic
  Church

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This next section of art style is known as

• The Renaissance

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Renaissance Architecture

St. Peters Basilica, Rome Designed by
Michelangelo
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Dome Cathedral by Brunelleschi
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Characteristics of Renaissance Art

• Use of perspective
• Nature in background
• Some nudity
• Humans are more life-like
• Movement

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Renaissance Paintings
Botticellis Birth of Venus, 1485
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Leonardo da Vinci

• Scientist
• Mathematician
• Engineer
• Inventor (helicopter, tank)
• Anatomist
• Painter
• Sculptor
• Architect
• Musician
• Writer

A true Renaissance Man
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Leonardo da Vincis Last Supper, 1498
Paint not holding up (flaking off) painted
directly on the wall
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• Leonardo
• da Vincis
• Mona Lisa,
• 1503-1506

Whats the big deal???? Her smile first painting
done on canvas to be framed
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Michelangelo Buanarotti

• Poet
• Sculptor
• Artist
• Architect

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Interior of the Sistene Chapel

Book of Genesis on Ceiling
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The Ceiling of the Sistene Chapel, 1508-1512
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Creation of Adam, from the Sistene Chapel
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Raphaels School of Athens, 1503-1513

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School of Athens

• Tribute to Renaissance artists
• Socrates is Da Vinci
• Plato is Michelangelo

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Portraits rich folks could afford to be
patrons supported the arts
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Renaissance Sculpture

• Donatellos
• David, 1440s
• Subject no longer has to
• be biblical resumes Greek
• and Roman design
• freestanding nude
• attention to anatomy

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Michelangelos The Pieta, 1500

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• Michelangelos
• David, 1504
• Sculpted from
• marble

Statue is 8 feet tall
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How did Renaissance art reflect society and its
beliefs?

• Religion less important in society
• more attention to math, science, and reason
• realism was more important than the subject
• Humanism, the focus on human values and concerns,
  spreads throughout Europe
• Italy wanted to regain the glory that it had
  during the Roman Empire
• (Greco-Roman ideas were revived)

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More characteristics of Renaissance art

• Wealthy patrons supported the arts (example- the
  Medici family)
• Humanism spread all through Europe