THE L98A2 CADET GENERAL PURPOSE RIFLE

1
THE L98A2 CADET GENERAL PURPOSE RIFLE
2
LESSON 1 - GENERAL DESCRIPTION, SAFETY SIGHTS
3
WEAPON HANDLING

• ALWAYS SAFETY FIRST!

4
RULES FOR THE SAFE HANDLING OF WEAPONSTHE
FOLLOWING RULES APPLY, AT ALL TIMES, TO THE
HANDLING OF WEAPONS

• A. A WEAPON MUST NEVER BE POINTED AT ANYONE IN
  ANY CIRCUMSTANCES.
• B. A WEAPON MUST ALWAYS BE HANDLED IN SUCH A WAY
  THAT THERE IS NO DANGER OF A ROUND BEING
  ACCIDENTALLY FIRED.
• C. THE MUZZLE OF A WEAPON MUST NEVER BE RESTED
  AGAINST ANY PART OF THE BODY.
• D. WHENEVER A WEAPON IS PICKED UP WHICH HAS NOT
  BEEN UNDER AN INDIVIDUALS DIRECT SUPERVISION, IT
  MUST BE EXAMINED TO MAKE SURE THAT IT IS NOT
  LOADED.

5
RULES FOR THE SAFE HANDLING OF WEAPONSTHE
FOLLOWING RULES APPLY, AT ALL TIMES, TO THE
HANDLING OF WEAPONS

• E. WHENEVER A WEAPON IS HANDED OVER, THE
  RECIPIENT MUST FIRST BE SHOWN THAT IT IS
  UNLOADED.
• F. A WEAPON MUST BE IN THE UNLOADED STATE PRIOR
  TO TRAVELLING IN A VEHICLE OR DURING NON-TACTICAL
  MOVES ON FOOT.
• CADETS MUST NEVER BE ALLOWED TO FIRE A WEAPON
  UNLESS THEY HAVE BEEN INSTRUCTED AND PRACTISED IN
  ITS USE AND HAS PASSED A 6 MONTHLY WEAPON
  HANDLING TEST. A PERIOD OF REVISION SHOULD BE
  CONDUCTED ON THE APPROPRIATE WEAPON PRIOR TO LIVE
  FIRING. SAFETY STAFF WILL SUPERVISE WEAPON
  HANDLING DURING FIRING.

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THE L98A2 CADET GENERAL PURPOSE RIFLE

• It is the standard weapon of used by cadets and
  you must become skilled in its use to enable you
  to pass you Weapon Handling Test, Shooting Tests
  and whilst at the same time handle it safely
  amongst your fellow cadets.

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CHARACTERISTICS

• Magazine fed weapon which is capable of firing
  single rounds producing
• Quick and accurate fire at short range
  opportunity targets.
• A high rate of accurate, rapid fire at ranges up
  to 300m and accurate deliberate fire at longer
  ranges.
• A number of individual parts including the
  magazine, which holds 30 rounds, are also common
  to the Light Support Weapon (LSW)
• With its self loading capability and a 30 round
  magazine, a high standard of fire control is
  necessary to prevent wastage of ammunition.
• IT IS ONLY TO BE FIRED FROM THE RIGHT SHOULDER

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PARTS OF THE L98A2
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PARTS OF THE L98A2
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS (NSP)
• Must be carried out
• At the beginning and end of every lesson,
  practice or range period
• Immediately on returning from a patrol or other
  exercise or duty, and when handing a rifle over
  to another cadet.

11
FOR INSPECTION - PORT ARMS

• FROM LOW PORT POSITION ADVANCE THE LEFT FOOT AND
  BRING THE RIFLE TO HORIZONTAL POSITION
• CHECK SAFETY IS ON SAFE
• TILT WEAPON SLIGHTLY TO THE RIGHT AND COCK THE
  WEAPON
• HOLD THE WORKING PARTS OPEN
• TO INSPECT THE WEAPON, OR WHEN IT IS INSPECTED BY
  OTHERS PUSH IT FORWARD AND TILT IT LEFT

12
FOR INSPECTION - PORT ARMS

• ENSURE THE BODY, CHAMBER AND FACE OF THE BOLT ARE
  CLEAR OF AMMUNITION OR OBSTRUCTIONS.
• ON COMMAND EASE SPRINGS
• ALLOW WORKING PARTS FORWARD
• SIGHTS UP,
• 7. SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
• 8. FIRE AIMED SHOT IN A SAFE DIRECTION
• 9. APPLY SAFETY CATCH
• 10.SIGHTS DOWN, DUST COVER

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HANDING OVER A WEAPON

• IF NO MAGAZINE IS ATTACHED
• CHECK SAFETY CATCH IS ON.
• PERFORM NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTION (NSP)
• SHOW THE RECIPIENT OF THE WEAPON THAT THE CHAMBER
  IS CLEAR
• ONCE THE RECEIVING PERSON IS HAPPY THE WEAPON IS
  CLEAR COMPLETE THE NSP
• HAND OVER THE WEAPON
• NEVER POINT THE WEAPON AT ANYONE IN ANY
  CIRCUMSTANCE

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FITTING THE SLING
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THE IRON SIGHTS
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FITTING THE IRON SIGHTS
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FITTING THE IRON SIGHTS
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LESSON 2 - STRIPPING ASSEMBLING
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STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN

• IT IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY TO ENSURE TH WEAPON
  YOU ARE ISSUED IS SERVICEABLE
• THE SEQUENCE FOR STRIPPING AND ASSEMBLING IS LAID
  DOWN IN ORDER TO PREVENT DAMAGE TO THE VARIOUS
  COMPONENTS.
• THE WEAPON MUST NEVER BE STRIPPED FURTHER THAN
  YOU HAVE BEEN TAUGHT.
• IF YOU NOTICE ANY DAMAGE OR DEFECTS YOU MUST
  REPORT IT TO THE SSI ON RETURNING THE WEAPON TO
  THE ARMOURY

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STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN

• CARRY OUT NSPS BUT DO NOT OPERATE TRIGGER OR
  CLOSE THE DUST COVER
• LEAVE SAFETY CATCH AT S
• ENSURE WEAPON IS UPSIDE DOWN AND HORIZONTAL
• FULLY WITHDRAW THE REAR TMH PIN, THEN PUSH IT
  BACK 5MM UNTIL YOU HEAR A CLICK
• FULLY WITHDRAW FRONT TMH PIN
• REMOVE TMH BY PULLING THE BUTT UP

21
STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN

• SEPARATE AWAY FROM RIFLE
• PLACE HAND OVER RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY
• FULLY WITHDRAW THE REAR TMH LOCKING PIN (CUP
  HAND OVER END)
• REMOVE ROD ASSEMBLY BUT DO NOT REMOVE SPRING
  FROM RODS
• SLIDE COCKING HANDLE TO THE REAR AND OFF
• REMOVE BOLT CARRIER

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STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN

• LIFT UP THE COVER TO THE GAS PARTS
• REMOVE THE GAS PISTON AND SPRING
• REMOVE THE GAS CYLINDER
• REMOVE THE GAS PLUG (The combination tool can be
  used to push the press stud down)
• MAKE SURE THE PRESS STUD REMAINS AT THE 9 OCLOCK
  POSITION.

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STRIPPING THE RIFLE FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEAN
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ASSEMBLY

• FIT THE GAS PLUG
• FIT THE GAS CYLINDER (this will be lose so hold
  on to it)
• FIT THE GAS PISTON AND SPRING
• SLOT INTO THE GAS CYLINDER
• CLOSE THE COVER TO THE GAS PARTS

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ASSEMBLY

• INSERT BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND ATTACH COCKING
  HANDLE
• WITH REAR TMH PIN FULLY WITHDRAWN , INSERT
  RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY
• ENSURE BOLT CARRIER ASSEMBLY IS CENTRAL AND
  PRESS DOWN ON SPRING ASSEMBLY AND ALLOW REAR TMH
• PIN TO BE INSERTED 5MM (ONE CLICK)
• CHECK FRONT TMH PIN FULLY WITHDRAWN

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ASSEMBLY

• FIT TMH
• FULLY ENGAGE BOTH LOCKING PINS
• PERFORM A FUNCTIONS TEST

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FUNCTIONS TEST

• PRONE POSITION
• CHECK SAFETY CATCH IS ON SAFE
• SIGHTS UP
• COCK THE WEAPON
• PULL THE TRIGGER WITH SAFETY CATCH ON
• SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
• FIRE OFF THE ACTION

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FUNCTIONS TEST

• HOLD TRIGGER DOWN
• COCK THE WEAPON
• RELEASE THE TRIGGER (Hear hammer engaging main
  sear)
• FIRE OF THE ACTION
• SAFETY ON
• DUST COVER UP

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STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE

• MAGAZINE SHOULD BE STRIPPED AND CLEANED IF THEY
  HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO CONDITIONS LIKELY TO PRODUCE
  A BUILD UP OF MUD, SAND OR RUST

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STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE

• HOLD THE MAGAZINE WITH THE BOTTOM PLATE UPPER
  MOST
• USE THE COMBINATION TOOL TO DEPRESS THE BASE OF
  THE SPRING LOCATED IN THE MIDDLE OF THE BOTTOM
  PLATE.
• SLIDE TO THE REAR UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE FRONT
  OF THE PLATE DISENGAGES FROM THE SLOT IN THE
  MAGAZINE BODY.

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STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE

• RELEASE THE PRESSURE ON THE SPRING UNTIL THE
  TONGUE AT THE REAR OF THE PLATE IS FREE FROM ITS
  SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY.
• REMOVE THE BOTTOM PLATE
• THE SPRING AND PLATFORM MAY NOW BE CAREFULLY FED
  OUT OF THE BOTTOM OF THE MAGAZINE

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STRIPPING THE MAGAZINE

• THE PLATFORM MUST NEVER BE REMOVED FROM THE
  SPRING.
• IF THE SPRING COMES LOOSE FROM THE PLATFORM IT
  MUST BE REPLACED CORRECTLY OR STOPPAGES WILL
  OCCUR
• THE BOTTOM LOOP ON THE SPRING MUST BE LOCATED
  UNDER THE TWO LUGS ON THE INSIDE OF THE PLATFORM
  AND NOT TO ONE SIDE

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ASSEMBLING THE MAGAZINE

• ENSURE THE PLATFORM IS POINTED IN THE RIGHT
  DIRECTION.
• INSERT THE SPRING INTO THE MAGAZINE BODY
• PRESS THE SPRING IN UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE REAR
  OF THE BOTTOM PLATE CAN ENGAGE IN ITS SLOT IN THE
  BODY
• USING THE COMBINATION TOOL DEPRESS THE BASE OF
  THE SPRING TO ENABLE THE BOTTOM PLATE TO SLIDE
  FORWARD UNTIL THE TONGUE AT THE FRONT OF THE
  PLATE ENGAES THE SLOT IN THE MAGAZINE BODY.

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ASSEMBLING THE MAGAZINE

• IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE BOTTOM OF THE PLATE IS
  CORRECTLY ENGAGED. FAILURE TO DO THIS WILL RESULT
  IN STOPPAGES
• MAGAZINES SHOULD ONLY BE STRIPPED AND CLEANED IF
  THEY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO CONDITIONS LIKELY TO
  PRODUCE A BUILD UP OF SAND, MUD AND RUST

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LESSON 3 - MAGAZINE FILLING, SIGHT SETTING, LOAD,
UNLOAD, MAKE SAFE SAFE HANDLING
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FITTING A DEPRESSOR
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AMMUNITION

• RIMLESS
• 5.56mm CALIBRE
• MANUFACTURING INFO STAMPED ON THE BASE OF EACH
  ROUND
• ISSUED IN 10rnd CLIPS or BOXES OF 30rnds or
  50rnds
• MAGAZINE CHARGERS ARE HELPFUL WHEN ISSUED CLIPPED
  AMMUNITION

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TYPES OF AMMUNITION

• BALL AMMUNITION
• SMOOTH BRASS CARTRIDGE CASE
• JACKETED BULLET
• PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE

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TYPES OF AMMUNITION

• BALL AMMUNITION

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TYPES OF AMMUNITION

• BLANK AMMUNITION
• BRASS CASE
• NO BULLET
• THE END IS CRIMPED
• PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE

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TYPES OF AMMUNITION

• BLANK AMMUNITION

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TYPES OF AMMUNITION

• DRILL AMMUNITION
• SILVER CASE WITH GROOVES
• COPPER JACKETED BULLET
• NO PERCUSSION CAP IN BASE

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TYPES OF AMMUNITION

• DRILL AMMUNITION

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CARE OF AMMUNITION MAGAZINES

• EXPOSING TO DIRECT SUN RAYS MAY REDUCE ACCURACY
• NEVER USE A ROUND AS A TOOL
• DO NOT TAMPER WITH AMMUNITION IT IS DANGEROUS AND
  ILLEGAL
• DAMAGED ROUNDS MUST NOT BE FIRED. PUT TO ONE SIDE
  AND HAND IN TO DIRECTING STAFF
• INSPECT MAGAZINE. DAMAGED MAGAZINES WILL CAUSE
  STOPPAGES
• CARRY MAGAZINES WITH PLATFORMS UPPERMOST IN
  POUCHES. THIS STOPS THE LIPS BEING DAMAGED WHEN
  WEBBING IS DROPPED.

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FILLING MAGAZINES

• MAGAZINE HOLDS 30 ROUNDS
• IN TRAINING ONLY FILL THE MAGAZINE WITH THE
  NUMBER AND TYPE YOU ARE ORDERED TO
• TWO METHODS FOR FILLING A MAGAZINE
• WITH CHARGER
• WITHOUT CHARGER

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FILLING MAGAZINES

• FILLING A MAGAZINE USING A CHARGER

47
FILLING MAGAZINES

• FILLING A MAGAZINE WITHOUT USING A CHARGER

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EMPTYING MAGAZINES

• TWO METHODS
• USING A CLIP, PUSH DOWN ON EVERY SECOND ROUND
• USING A CLIP, PUSH THE REAR OF EACH TOP ROUND
  AWAY FROM THE MAGAZINE LIPS

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SIGHT SETTING

• TWO APPERTURES ON THE REAR SIGHT
• CHANGED BY PUSHING LEAF SIGHT BACKWARDS AND
  FORWARDS
• THE SMALL APERTURE IS STAMPED 200 METRES
• THIS IS USED TO ENGAGE ALL TARGETS BETWEEN 0 -
  300 METRES
• AT NIGHT SWITCH TO THE LARGER APERTURE

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LOAD, READY UNLOAD

• A WEAPON IS LOADED WHEN A MAGAZINE IS FITTED
• A WEAPON IS READY WHEN IT IS COCKED AND A ROUND
  IS IN THE CHAMBER
• A WEAPON IS UNLOADED WHEN THERE IS NO MAGAZINE
  FITTED AND THE WEAPON HAS BEEN CLEARED OF ALL
  AMMUNITION (NSP)

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LOAD

• PRONE POSITION
• ENSURE SAFETY CATCH IS ON.
• TAKE HOLD OF LOADED MAGAZINE AND ENSURE TOP
  ROUNDS ARE POSITIONED CORRECTLY.
• PUSH MAGAZINE FIRMLY INTO THE MAGAZINE HOUSING.
  (Until you hear an audible click)
• CHECK MAGAZINE IS SECURE.

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READY

• ENSURE SAFETY CATCH ON.
• SET SIGHTS, RANGE AS REQUIRED.
• COCK THE WEAPON.
• FORWARD ASSIST

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UNLOAD

• APPLY SAFETY CATCH.
• REMOVE THE MAGAZINE.
• HOLD WORKING PARTS TO THE REAR
• SEVEN POINT CHECK
• OPERATE BOLT RELEASE CATCH.
• FORWARD ASSIST
• SIGHTS UP
• SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE.
• FIRE AN AIMED SHOT - (IN A SAFE DIRECTION).
• SAFETY CATCH TO SAFE
• SIGHTS DOWN.
• DUST COVER UP

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MAKE SAFE (UNLOAD FOLLOWED BY PUTTING A NEW
MAGAZINE ON)

1. APPLY SAFETY CATCH.
2. REMOVE THE MAGAZINE.
3. HOLD WORKING PARTS TO THE REAR
4. SEVEN POINT CHECK
5. OPERATE BOLT RELEASE CATCH.
6. FORWARD ASSIST

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MAKE SAFE (UNLOAD FOLLOWED BY PUTTING A NEW
MAGAZINE ON)

• 7. SIGHTS UP
• 8. SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE.
• 9. FIRE AN AIMED SHOT - (IN A SAFE DIRECTION).
• 10. SAFETY CATCH TO SAFE
• 11. SIGHTS DOWN.
• 12. DUST COVER UP
• 13. APPLY A NEW MAGAZINE

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SAFE HANDLING WITH A MAGAZINE FITTED

1. SAFETY CATCH ON UNLESS YOU ARE TOLD OTHERWISE
2. FINGER OF THE TRIGGER UNLESS ACTUALLY FIRING
3. RIFLE IS UNLOADED ON COMMAND OR WHEN YOU ARE
   UNABLE TO ENSURE ITS SAFETY e.g. WHEN LEAVING THE
   WEAPON IN SOMEONE ELSES CARE
4. WHEN HANDING OVER A WEAPON ALWAYS PERFORM A FULL
   UNLOAD
5. ALWAYS CARRY OUT DRILLS IN THE PRONE POSITION
6. NEVER POINT A WEAPON AT ANYONE IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCE

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LESSON 4 - CLEANING MAINTENANCE
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CLEANING MAINTENANCE

• IT IS YOUR JOB TO MAINTAIN THE WEAPON THAT IS
  ISSUED TO YOU.
• LACK OF LUBRICATION IS THE GREATEST CAUSE OF
  STOPPAGES
• ENSURE OIL BOTTLES ARE KEPT FULL

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THE CLEANING KIT
60
THE COMBINATION TOOL
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LEVEL OF CLEANING

• UNIT CLEANING
• USED TO BRING THE WEAPON UP TO THE HIGHEST
  POSSIBLE STANDARD OF CLEANLINESS
• ACHIEVED BY CLEANING AND INSPECTION AT INTERVALS
  SET OUT BY THE COMMANDING OFFICER
• AVAILIABLITY OF SPARE PARTS MEANS FIXING WEAPONS
  IS NOT A PROBLEM

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LEVEL OF CLEANING

• HARBOUR OR PATROL BASE
• CLEANING MUST STILL BE CARRIED (USING THE BUDDY
  BUDDY SYSTEM)
• SWIFT PRACTISED DRILLS ARE REQUIRED TO ENSURE
  ALL PARTS ARE CLEANED PROPERLY
• ANY BROKEN PARTS, MISSING CLEANING KIT ITEMS OR
  EMPTY OIL BOTTLES MUST BE REPORTED IMMEDIATELY IN
  ORDER TO GET A RESUPPLY AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE

63
LEVEL OF CLEANING

• RANGE AND DRY TRAINING
• BEFORE FIRING - INSPECT THE RIFLE AND DETERMINE
  IF IT REQUIRES ADDITIONAL LUBRICTATION
• DURING FIRING - WHEN AN OPPORTUNITY EXISTS,
  LUBRICATE AS TAUGHT
• AFTER FIRING - CLEAN UP TO UNIT CLEANING STANDARD

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CLEANING

• STRIP WEAPON DOWN FOR NORMAL DAILY CLEANING
• USE GP SOFT BRUSH TO REMOVE LOOSE DIRT
• WITH LIGHTLY OILED FLANNELETTE, CLEAN OUTSIDE OF
  WEAPON AND THEN WIPE DRY
• FIT CHAMBER /BARREL EXTENSION BRUSH TO ROD AND
  USE CLOCKWISE UNTIL CLEAN. TILT THE WEAPON SO THE
  MUZZLE IS POINTING UP, THIS WILL ALLOW DIRT TO
  FALL OUT WHEN THE CHAMBER/ BARREL EXTENSION BRUSH
  IS TAKEN OUT
• USE GP SOFT BRUSH AND FLANELETTE TO CLEAN THE
  INSIDE OF THE BODY
• WIPE THE GAS PISTON, GAS CYLINDER AND GAS PLUG
  CLEAN
• REMOVE CARBON WITH THE WIRE BRUSH, GAS BLOCK
  CLEANING BRUSH AND SCRAPERS ON THE COMBINATION
  TOOL.

65
CLEANING

• PULL THE BARREL THROUGH WITH A LUBRICATED BORE
  BRUSH
• PULL BARREL THROUGH WITH ALTERNATING DRY AND OILY
  FLANELETTE, FINISH WITH A DRY FLANELETTER
• ENSURE YOU ONLY PULL THE BARREL WITH ONE SQUARE
  OF FLANELETTE (45MM X 45MM)
• EXAMINE THE BARREL FOR CLEANLINESS.
• DRY CLEAN THE WEAPON AND EXAMINE IT FOR DAMAGE
• LIGHTLY OIL THE WEAPON AND MAGAZINE
• ASSEMBLE THE WEAPON AND PERFORM THE FUNCTIONS
  TEST
• MAGAZINES SHOULD BE STRIPPED AND DRY CLEANED. NO
  ABRASIVE MATERIALS SHOULD BE USED

66
INSPECTION FOR DAMAGE

• BOLT - CRACKS, ESPECIALLY IN THE CAM STUD RECESS
  AREA
• FIRING PIN - BENT, CRAKED, BLUNTED
• CAM STUD - CRACKED OR CHIPPED
• FIRING PIN RETAINING PIN - BENT OR BADLY WORN
• EXTRACTOR/ EXTRACTOR SPRING - CHIPPED OR BROKEN
  EDGES
• RECOIL ROD ASSEMBLY - ROD SPRINGS ARE NOT BENT
  OR DAMAGED
• COCKING HANDLE - CRACKS OR FRACTURES AND THAT THE
  LOCATING PIN IS NOT BENT OR DAMAGED
• TMH - DAMAGE OR WEAR. ESPECIALLY THE BOLT RELEASE
  CATCH, HOLDING OPEN CATCH AND SAFETY CATCH
• BODY - DAMAGE AND WEAR
• GAS PISTON AND SPRING - CRACKS, BENT OR DAMAGED
• GAS PLUG - CRACKS, OPERATES FREELY AND NOT BENT
• GAS CYLINDER - CRACKS
• MAGAZINE - BENT LIPS, DENTED, SPRING STRETCHED OR
  DISTORTED
• AMMUNITION - CLEAN, DRY OR DAMAGED

67
CLEANING IN THE FIELD

• NEVER TAKE THE WEAPON APART FULLY
• UNLOAD THE WEAPON
• APPLY THE HOLDING OPEN CATCH
• USE THE BARREL EXTENSION CLEANER TO OIL, CLEAN
  AND LIBERALLY LUBRICATE THE BARREL EXTENSION,
  FACE OF THE BOLT, LOCKING SPLINES AND CHAMBER
• PULL THROUGH THE BARREL WITH LUBRICATED AND DRY
  FLANELETTE
• REMOVE THE TMH AND USE THE GP SOFT BRUSH AND
  FLANELETTE TO LUBRICATE THE SAFETY CATCH, HOLDING
  OPEN CATCH, BOLT RELEASE CATCH AND TRIGGER
  MECHANISM.
• LUBRICATE THE RECOIL RODS, SPRING AND BOLT
  CARRIER WHILST STILL LOCKED IN PLACE
• REPLACE THE TMH AND RELOAD
• OPEN THE GAS ASSEMBLY TOP COVER AND REMOVE THE
  GAS PARTS
• REMOVE ANY LARGE CARBON DEPOSITS, RELUBRICATE AND
  ASSEMBLE

68
CLEANING IN ADVERSE CONDITIONS

• HEAVY RAIN AND DAMP CONDITIONS
• INSPECT FREQUENTLY FOR RUST
• CLEAN AS NORMAL
• DRY, SANDY OR DUSTY CONDITIONS
• KEEP RIFLE DRY
• SWEAT IN THE SUN AND WIPE CLEANAND DRY
• REMOVE ABY OIL THAT IS USED IN THE CLEANING
  PROCESS
• REMOVE GRIT FROM THE TMH AND MAGAZINE

69
LESSON 5 -HOLDING AIMING IN THE PRONE POSITION
70
THE 4 MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES

• THE POSITION AND HOLD MUST BE FIRM ENOUGH TO
  SUPPORT THE WEAPON
• THE WEAPON MUST POINT NATURALLY AT THE TARGET
  WITHOUT UNDUE PHYSICAL EFFORT
• SIGHT ALIGNMENT AND SIGHT PICTURE MUST BE CORRECT
• THE SHOT MUST BE RELEASED AND FOLLOWED THROUGH
  WITHOUT UNDUE DISTURBANCE TO THE POSITION

71
THE 4 MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES

• IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT CADETS ARE CAPABLE OF FIRING
  THEIR RIFLE ACCURATELY AND INSTICTIVELY UNDER ALL
  CONDITIONS.
• APPLYING THE MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES CAN BEST
  HELP ACHIEVE THIS
• APPLYING THE MARKSMANSHIP PRINCIPLES DEMANDS
  CONCENTRATION AND ALSO A DETERMINATION TO SHOOT
  WELL
• THE FIRST 3 PRINCIPLES WILL BE COVERED IN THIS
  LESSON

72
THE PRONE UNSUPPORTED POSITION

• GIVES THE FIRER GOOD SUPPORT
• PRESENTS A SMALL TARGET TO THE ENEMY
• IS THE LEAST TIRING
• TWO VARIATIONS TO THE POSITION

73
THE PRONE UNSUPPORTED POSITION

• POSITION 1
• ALIGNMENT ON THE TARGET
• OPEN LEGS UNTIL FEET ARE SHOULDER WIDTH APART
• TOES POINTING OUTWARDS
• HEELS ON THE GROUND
• ENSURE THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE BODY AND LEG IS
  IN LINE WITH THE RIFLE. THIS WILL GIVE MAXIMUM
  SUPPORT AND REDUCE THE RECOIL EFFECT.
• POSITION 2
• ADJUST BODY SO THAT IT IS ANGLED SLIGHTLY TO THE
  LEFT OF THE LINE OF FIRE
• OPEN LEGS AND ENSURE LEFT LEG IS IN LINE WITH THE
  BODY

74
LESSON 6 - FIRING IN THE PRONE POSITION
75
LESSON 7 - FIRING DRILLS
76
LESSON 8 - MECHANISM OF THE WEAPON, IMMEDIATE
ACTION STOPPAGES
77
BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE

• WHEN THE SAFETY CATCH IS ON S THE TRIGGER CAN NOT
  BE FULLY OPERATED
• WHEN THE SAFETY CATCH IS MOVED TO F AND THE
  TRIGGER IS PRESSED, THE HAMMER IS RELEASED AND
  HITS THE REAR OF THE FIRING PIN.
• THE FIRING PIN IS DRIVEN FORWARD ONTO THE
  PERCUSSION CAP IN THE CASE OF THE ROUND.
• THE ROUND IS FIRED AND THE GASES PRODUCED DRIVE
  THE BULLET UP THE BARREL
• SOME OF THE GAS ENTERS THE GAS BLOCK AND IS
  DIVERTED BY THE GAS PLUG INTO THE GAS CYLINDER.

78
BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE

• THIS DRIVES THE PISTON TO THE REAR AND
  COMPRESSING THE PISTON SPRING
• THE REAR OF THE PISTON STRIKES THE BOLT CARRIER
  ASSEMBLY, FORCING IT BACKWARDS.
• THE COMPRESSED PISTON SPRING RE-ASSERTS ITSELF
  AND DRIVES THE PISTON BACK TO ITS STARTING
  POSITION
• THE BOLT IS UNLOCKED BY THE REARWARD MOVEMENT OF
  THE CARRIER FORCING THE CAM STUD DOWN THE STUD
  SLOT
• AS THE CARRIER AND BOLT GO BACK THE HAMMER IS
  COCKED AS THEY PASS OVER IT.
• THE EMPTY CASE IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE CHAMBER AND
  EJECTED OUT OF THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE.
• THE RETURN SPRING IS COMPRESSED AND WHEN THE BOLT
  CARRIER ASSEMBLY HITS THE BUFFER THE SPRING
  RE-ASSERTS ITSELF

79
BASIC MECHANISM OF THE RIFLE

• AS THE CARRIER AND BOLT GO BACK THE HAMMER IS
  COCKED AS THEY PASS OVER IT.
• THE EMPTY CASE IS WITHDRAWN FROM THE CHAMBER AND
  EJECTED OUT OF THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE.
• THE RETURN SPRING IS COMPRESSED AND WHEN THE BOLT
  CARRIER ASSEMBLY HITS THE BUFFER THE SPRING
  RE-ASSERTS ITSELF
• AS THE BOLT IS PUSHED FORWARD IT FEEDS THE NEXT
  ROUND INTO THE CHAMBER
• THE BOLT ROTATES AND LOCKS INTO THE BARREL
  EXTENSION
• ONCE ALL PARTS ARE FULLY FORWARD AND LOCKED THE
  SAFETY SEAR IS RELEASED ALLOWING THE HAMMER TO
  MOVE TO ITS READY POSITION.
• THIS WILL ALSO ONLY HAPPEN WHEN THE TRIGGER IS
  RELEASED.

80
IMMEDIATE ACTION (IA) DRILL

• PERFORMED IF THE WEAPON FAILS TO FIRE AT ANY TIME
• APPLY THE SAFETY CATCH
• TILT THE WEAPON TO THE LEFT AND LOOK AT THE
  POSITION OF THE COCKING HANDLE
• ACTION DEPENDS ON WHAT IS SEEN

81
STOPPAGE DRILLSCocking Handle Fully Forward

• Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops
• IA DRILL
• The Cocking Handle Fully Forward
• FORWARD ASSIST
• SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
• CARRY ON FIRING

82
STOPPAGE DRILLSLoose Magazine

• Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops
• IA DRILL
• Cocking Handle Not Fully Forward - Rounds In The
  Magazine
• IF WEAPON STILL FAILS TO FIRE AFTER CARRYING OUT
  THE DRILL FOR Cocking Handle Fully Forward
• HOLD WORKING PARTS OPEN

83
STOPPAGE DRILLSLoose Magazine

• IF THERE ARE ROUNDS IN THE MAGAZINE AND THE BODY
  AND CHAMBER ARE CLEAR
• CHECK THE MAGAZINE IS FITTED CORRECTLY
• PUSH MAGAZINE UP INTO MAGAZINE HOUSING
• OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
• FORWARD ASSIST
• SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
• CARRY ON FIRING

84
STOPPAGE DRILLSObstruction

• Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops
• IA DRILL
• Obstruction
• TILT THE WEAPON TO THE RIGHT
• HOLD THE WORKING PART TO THE REAR
• IF THERE IS AN OBSTRUCTION IN THE CHAMBER
• REMOVE THE MAGAZINE
• SHAKE OBSTRUCTION OUT

85
STOPPAGE DRILLSObstruction

• CHECK THAT THE CHAMBER IS CLEAR
• Obstruction Clear
• REPLACE MAGAZINE
• OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
• FORWARD ASSIST
• SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
• CARRY ON FIRING

86
STOPPAGE DRILLSEmpty Magazine

• Rifle Firing Alright - Rifle Stops
• IA DRILL
• Cocking Handle Fully To The Rear
• REMOVE THE EMPTY MAGAZINE
• REPLACE WITH A FULL MAGAZINE
• OPERATE THE BOLT RELEASE CATCH
• FORWARD ASSIST
• SAFETY CATCH TO FIRE
• CARRY ON FIRING

87
STOP!

• APPLY THE SAFETY CATCH AND LISTEN FOR FURTHER
  INSTRUCTIONS

88
LESSON 9 - FIRING FROM OTHER POSITIONS
89
LESSON 10 - AIMING OFF, ALTERATION OF SIGHTS AND
MISS DRILL
90
AIMING OF FOR ELEVATION AND DIRECTION

• WHEN SHOOTING, THE STRENGTH AND DIRECTION OF THE
  WIND HAVE A DIRECT INFLUENCE ON THE FLIGHT PATH
  OF THE BULLET.
• IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT YOU MAKE ALLOWANCES TO
  COUNTER THESE FACTORS
• CHANGE THE POA TO OVERCOME ANY ERRORS IN
  ELEVATION AND DIRECTION
• IF A SHOT HAS LANDED 300mm HIGH AND 100mm LEFT
  THEN RE AIM 300mm LOW AND 100mm RIGHT
• IF FIRING AT SMALL TARGETS AIM AT THE BOTTOM OF
  THE TARGET

91
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

• ONLY WIND BLOWING ACROSS THE FRONT AT RANGES
  GREATER THAN 100 METRES WILL DEFLECT THE BULLET
  SIGNIFICANTLY
• AIM OFF TO ALLOW FOR THIS
• YOU CAN DETERMINE THE WIND STRENGTH AND DIRECTION
  FROM ITS EFFECTS ON FLAGS, TREES AND BUSES
• FRESH WIND
• WIND HAS APPRECIABLE EFFECT ON BUSHES AND THIN
  BRANCHES OF TREES
• WIND CAN BE FELT ON THE SIDE OF THE FACE
• COULD CAUSE FLAGS TO STAND ABOUT HALFWAY OUT FROM
  THE FLAG POLE
• STRONG WIND
• WIND HAS A NOTICEABLE EFFECT ON TREE TOPS
• LIFTS DUST OF DRY GROUND
• RANGE FLAGS TEND TO STRAIN AWAY FROM THE FLAG POLE

92
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

• ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
• FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
• POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF
  THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)

93
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

94
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

• ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
• FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
• POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF
  THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
• STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
• POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on
  diagram)

95
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

96
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

• ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
• FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
• POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF
  THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
• STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
• POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on
  diagram)
• FRESH WIND AT 300 METRES
• POA IS AT THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on
  diagram)

97
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

98
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

• ALWAYS AIM INTO THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND
• FRESH WIND AT 200 METRES
• POA IS HALFWAY BETWEEN THE CENTRE AND THE EDGE OF
  THE TARGET (1st POA on diagram)
• STRONG WIND AT 200 METRES
• POA IS THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on
  diagram)
• FRESH WIND AT 300 METRES
• POA IS AT THE EDGE OF THE TARGET (2nd POA on
  diagram)
• STRONG WIND AT 300 METRES
• POA IS ONE TARGETS WIDTH FROM THE CENTRE OF THE
  TARGET (3rd POA on diagram)

99
AIMING OFF FOR WIND

100
MISS DRILL

• IF YOU MISS THE TARGET CONTINUALLY
• AIM AND FIRE AT THE BASE OF THE TARGET
• WATCH WHERE THE ROUND STRIKES
• ADJUST YOUR POA ACCORDINGLY
• ALWAYS ENSURE SIGHT ALIGNMENT REMAINS CORRECT
  WHEN ADJUSTING THE POA

101
LESSON 11 - USE OF COVER, CARRIAGE OF WEAPON
REACTION TO EFFECTIVE ENEMY FIRE
102
LESSON 12 - RIFLE ZEROING