GIS in Public Health

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GIS in Public Health

• Stephen S. Francis

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Presentation Format

• Personal History
• GIS Introduction
• GIS in Disaster and Public Health Applications
• Current GIS Applications in El Dorado County
• Questions/Comments

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Personal History

• Background in biology, population dynamics and
  statistical modeling, with heavy GIS component
• Received B.S. in Environmental Science from Univ.
  of Redlands
• Then worked as a GIS analyst at the Redlands
  Institute and worked closely with ESRI
• M.S. UNR Thesis West Nile Virus modeling mosq.
  Infection rates in relation to climate
• Planted the Seed of GIS in Public Health

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Mapping and Public Health

• PHthe science and art of preventing disease,
  prolonging life, and promoting health through the
  organized efforts of society
• Father of EpiJohn Snow (1854)
• Fundamentals of Epidemiology
• Person
• Place
• Time

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What is GIS?

• GIS Geographic Information Systems/Science
• GIS is a tool
• GIS is a system for input, storage, processing,
  and retrieval of spatial data. (ESRI)
• Utilized in industry, and environmental
  research Health has been slow to catch up

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GIS Data Structure

• Multiple layers of spatial data are integrated
  within GIS
• Allows for queries and functions to be preformed
  across layers.
• Visualization of multiple spatial data sets.
• Spatial analysis of many data sets.

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GIS Analysis Operations

• Geocoding
• Buffer
• Spatial Statistical Analysis
• Polygon/Point overlays
• Spatial Interpolation
• Density Estimation

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GIS AnalysisVisual Data
ESRI
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Potential Problems with GIS

• Gee Wiz effect
• Ecological Fallacy

Maps Can Lie
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How can GIS help PH?

• Disease Mapping and Spatial Analysis
• Communicable Disease Control
• Environmental Health
• HealthCare Planning and Policy
• Disaster Planning and Response

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Where Have I Started

• Collecting Data
• Organized GeoDatabase (constantly evolving).
• Started on a variety of interesting projects.

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EDC PH Projects PODs

• POD (point of dispensing) trailer
• Suitability model based on population and
  transportation
• Variables
• -Population per sqmi
• -Population 2004
• -Freeways
• -Major Roads

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El Dorado County Projects
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Weighted Overlay Model
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Weighted Overlay Model

• Model shows most suitable locations based on
  transportation and population.
• Many other applications of this type of modeling
• Model is only as accurate as underlying data and
  modelers assumptions

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EDC PH PROJECTS PLUME

• ALOHA PLUME ANALYSIS
• Identify probable dispersion and concentration.
• Thousands of chemicals and compounds
• Different means of release.
• Explosion potential
• ALOHA makes Plume in space

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EDC PH PROJECTS PLUME

• Currently working in cooperation with
  Environmental Management/Hazmat to make this
  system possible.
• Real-time weather will stream and update plume.
• The system will be mobile and Hazmat will be
  trained.
• Waiting on grant approval

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EDC PH PROJECTS Health District

• In Conjunction with Dr. Eberhart-Phillips Health
  Districts have been designated.
• Based on demographic and geographic delineations.
• Aid in Analysis and Planning

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EDC PH PROJECTS CMR

• Geocoding last 6 years of CMR data
• Using US census data as denominator
• Kulldorfs spatial scan used for space-time
  cluster analysis
• Shows disease distribution in EDC

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EDC PH PROJECTS CMR
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EDC PH PROJECTS ??

• Further projects in the works
• - Automated CMR reports (epidata)
• - School Surveillance Program
• Many project possibilities

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EDC PH PROJECTS??
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EDC PH PROJECTS ??

• Goal Support Public Health
• Trainings for interested parties.
• Thank you
• Questions?
• X6148
• steve.francis_at_edcgov.us