OPS-19:%20What%20is%20IPv6?

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OPS-19 What is IPv6?

• And Why Should I Care?

Peter LEcuyer
Principal Software Engineer
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The Internet
You are Here
541 Million Hosts
1.3 Billion Users
100,000 Trillion bytes transferred daily
http//www.internetworldstats.com http//www.dtc.u
mn.edu
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World Growth of the Internet
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Internet Growth

• China is now nation with most Internet users
• 53 growth rate in 2007 alone
• 233 million Internet users
• Only 17 of population of 1.3 billion
• USA is now 2nd
• 216 million Internet users
• 71 of population of 304 million

Source USA Today, April 21,2008
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Objectives

• What is IPv6?
• Why Should You Care?
• What about IPv6 in OpenEdge ?

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TCP/IP Powers the Internet
TCP/IP is a layered protocol suite
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IP Datagram
The IP Layer moves datagrams from node to node
TransportHeader
IPHeader
ApplicationProtocol Data
Size of address determines number of addressable
nodes
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IP Addresses
Each address identifies network and host
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The Internet runs on IPv4
... Using 32-bit addresses

• 232 4 Billion addresses
• Address class specified size of subfields
• Addresses use dotted-decimal format
• 192.168.1.100
• 127.0.0.1
• 0.0.0.0

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Allocation of Internet Addresses
IANA Distributes Blocks to RIRs
/8s
IANA
/8s
Addresses
IANA- Internet Assigned Numbers Authority RIR
Regional Internet Registry LIR Local Internet
Registry ISP Internet Service Provider
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Exhaustion of IP Address Space Predicted
Allocation of Address Blocks by IANA
124 blocks available
103 blocks available
51 blocks available
http//arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/IPv6.ars
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Squeezing More Life from IPv4

• More conservative allocation policies
• Application of First Law of Holes
• Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
• RFC1519 September 1993
• Network Address Translation (NAT)
• RFC1631 May 1994

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Network Address Translation
126.33.75.132
126.33.75.1325555
10.22.10.100
10.22.10.11234
10.22.10.1
10.22.10.2
10.22.10.3
H1
H2
H3
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IPv4 So How Long Do We Have?
It depends on how you do the math

• How far back do you look?
• Estimation of future consumption
• Future allocation policies
• Will we ever run out?
• Have we already run out?

http//www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html
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IPv6 Proposed in 1995
Dual IP Layers
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IPv6 Proposed Sept. 1995
Dual Stack
OpenEdge
Telnet
FTP
HTTP
TCPv6
UDPv6
IPv4
IPv6
Ethernet
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IPv6 Provides Expanded Address Space
Addresses are 128 bits
Provider Prefix
Interface Identifier
Subnet Identifier
127
80
79
64
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IPv6 Address Format
IPv6 Outgrows dotted decimal format
20010000123400000000B1D2456C0001
20010123400b1d2456c1
200101234b1d2456c1
http//200101234b1d2456c18080/
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Special IPv6 Addresses
Type IPv4 IPv6
Loopback 127.0.0.1 1
Unspecified 0.0.0.0
IPv4 Mapped 10.22.1.100 ffff10.22.1.100
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Link-Local Addresses

• Always begins with FE80 prefix
• Automatically generated
• Usually based on MAC address
• Scoped to the local link
• Not routed
• Used by internal protocols
• Neighbor discovery
• Router advertisement

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Link-Local Address Scope
Ambiguity can arise
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IPv6 Address Space Allocation
Allocated Unicast Global Space 9.9 x1027 times
4 Billion
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Other IPv6 Improvements
beyond the enlarged address space

• Auto-configuration
• Restructured IP Header for easier routing
• Header is 64-bit aligned
• IPSEC support is required
• Improved multicast support
• However, broadcast is not supported
• Improved support for IP Mobility

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IPv6 Deployment Options
Tunneling

• Moves IPv6 data across IPv4 networks
• IPv6 Packets are encapsulated

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IPv6 Deployment Options
Dual Stack Network

• Both IPv4 and IPv6 supported concurrently
• Dual Stack vs. Dual IP Implementations

R1
Dual IPv4/IPv6
H1
H2
H3
IPv6
IPv4
Dual IPv4/IPv6
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Dual Stack Environment
Host Name Resolution

• Goal is co-existence
• Assign both IPv6 and IPv4 address

DNS
fd0019d808f123 172.168.2.3
fd0019d808f122
172.168.2.4
H1
H2
H3
IPv6
IPv4
Dual IPv4/IPv6
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So Why Should You Care?

• Some day we may run out of IPv4 addresses
• Market pressures may require support of IPv6
• US DOD now requires IPv6 support
• Support for new IPv6-only devices

Make sure your application is ready for IPv6
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Supporting IPv6 in OpenEdge
The Problem

• OpenEdge customers depend on networking
• Most customers will not be using IPv6
• IPv6 technology is relatively new
• IPv6 is platform dependent
• Behavior depends on system configuration

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Supporting IPv6 in OpenEdge
The Solution

• Make IPv6 a selectable option
• New ipver parameter/property in OE10.1C
• Conservative approach default to IPv4
• New IPv6 code path is version-agnostic

Value Action
IPv4 Allow connections with IPv4 only
IPv6 Allow connections with either IPv6 or IPv4
default value
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Specifying IP Version
The OpenEdge Database
Value of H parameter determines IP protocol used
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Specifying IP Version
OpenEdge AppServer / WebSpeed
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Java System Properties
OpenEdge AdminServer / AppServer / WebSpeed
Property Value Description
java.net.preferIPv4Stack false Supports IPv4 and IPv6
java.net.preferIPv4Stack true Supports IPv4 only
java.net.preferIPv6Addresses false Prefer IPv4 addresses over IPv6 addresses
java.net.preferIPv6Addresses true Prefer IPv6 addresses over IPv4 addresses
default value
Run OE on IPv6
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Specifying IP Version AppServer Clients
myhost specifies location of NameServer
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Specifying IP Version AppServer Clients
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registration-Mode Property
OpenEdge AdminServer / AppServer / WebSpeed
Value Description
Register-IP IP Address of gethostname()
Register-LocalHost Name of gethostname()
Register-Hostname Value of hostName property
default value
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Connecting to an AppServer
Role of registrationMode
addr
addr
Agent
addr
Value of addr determines IP protocol used
AppServer
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Connecting to an AppServer
Using an IP Address
IP
IP
Agent
IP
Type of IP address determines IP protocol
AppServer
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Connecting to an AppServer
Using a Host Name
hostname
hostname
Agent
hostname
Resolution of hostname determines IP protocol
AppServer
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Readying Your Application
Some things to consider

• IP addresses exposed in user interface
• Internal use of IP addresses
• IP address parsing
• In URLs
• Configuration files

10.20.1.1005555
fd01123411005555
fd01123411005555
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Some Observations
From our experiences

• IPv6 support is there on all major platforms
• Still some platform idiosyncrasies
• Configuration of name resolution is important
• Configure discrete port ranges for servers/agents
• Performance is comparable

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In Summary

• Exhaustion of IPv4 address space is imminent
• Migration to IPv6 can solve this problem
• OpenEdge is ready when you are!

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For More Information, go to

• Internet World Stats
• http//www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm
• Minnesota Internet Traffic Studies
• http//www.dtc.umn.edu/mints/home.html
• Everything you need to know about IPv6
  http//arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/IPv6.ars
• Changes to IPv6 in MS Vista and 2008 Server
• http//technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb87812
  1.aspx
• China vaults past USA in Internet users
• http//www.usatoday.com/tech/world/2008-04-20-Int
  ernetusers_N.htm

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For More Information, go to

• How Long Do We Have?
• http//www.cisco.com/web/about/ac123/ac147/archive
  d_issues/ipj_6-4/ipv4.html
• IPv4 Address Report
• http//www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html
• A Pragmatic Report on IPv4 Address Space
  Consumption
• http//www.cisco.com/web/about/ac123/ac147/archive
  d_issues/ipj_8-3/ipv4.html
• Migrating to IPv6 by Marc Blanchet
• Published by John Wiley Sons, Ltd, 2006
• Unix Network Programming, Vol. 1, 3rd edition by
  W. Richard Stevens, et. al.,
• Published by Addison-Wesley, 2003

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Relevant Exchange Sessions

• DEV-15 AppServer Mode Case Studies
• OPS-7 Migrating your Distributed Application
  from V9 to OpenEdge 10 with (Almost) No Downtime
• OPS-12 Caring for an Ailing AppServer

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Questions
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Thank You
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