STEREOLITHOGRAPHY%20An%20advancement%20in%20Digital%20dentistry

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STEREOLITHOGRAPHYAn advancement in Digital
dentistry

• Presented by
• Swetha Padaala
• Intern
• Ragas Dental College, Chennai

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Contents

• Introduction
• History
• Technology description
• Clinical application in Dentistry
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Cost of the procedure
• Conclusion
• Acknowledgement

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Introduction

• Stereolithography is a rapid prototyping
  method, which allows the fabrication of
  anatomically accurate, 3-dimensional epoxy and
  acrylic resin models from various types of
  medical data.
• The device which performs stereolithography is
  called Stereolithography Apparatus(SLA)

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History

• Stereolithography was developed by Charles W.
  Hull in 1986.
• The process was developed to overcome
  limitations of conventional CAM milling versus
  the inability to reproduce intricate anatomy of
  body structures.
• Hull described a concentrated beam of
  ultraviolet light focused onto the surface of a
  vat filled with liquid photopolymer which cures
  it, thereby producing 3D model.

First working stereolithography system by Charles
Hull
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Technology description

• The machine has four important parts
• A tank filled with several gallons of
  liquid photopolymer.
• A perforated platform immersed in the
  tank.
• An ultraviolet laser
• A computer that drives the laser and the
  platform

Schematic diagram of a Stereolithographic
apparatus
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The pattern to be modeled is traced using Images
obtained from Computed Tomography or Magnetic
Resonance Imaging or by using Optical Scanners.
After a pattern has been traced, the SLA's
elevator platform descends by a single layer
thickness, typically 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm (0.002"
to 0.006"). Then, a resin-filled blade sweeps
across the part cross section, re-coating it with
fresh material. On this new liquid surface the
subsequent layer pattern is traced, adhering to
the previous layer. A complete 3 Dimensional part
is formed by this process. After building,
parts are cleaned of excess resin by immersion in
a chemical bath and then cured  in an
Ultraviolet oven.
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Clinical applications in dentistry

• Surgical Implant Guides
• Maxillofacial Reconstructive surgery, e.g. custom
  malar implant
• Preoperative planning of osseointegrated implant
  placement
• Preoperative planning for maxillary sinus
  augmentation procedures
• Diagnosis and treatment planning of numerous
  craniofacial clefts
• Can aid in the fabrication of custom devices,
  e.g. distraction osteogenesis device
• Future applications in bone matrix formation
• Custom model designs

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Advantages

• Decreased operation/anesthesia time
• Decreased blood loss/surgical morbidity
• Allows for direct visualization of osseous
  structures
• Provides a valuable teaching aid
• Allows for presurgical planning/trial surgery

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Disadvantages

• Time consuming depending on the size of the
  object
• Require support structures
• Expensive process

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Costs of stereolithography
The procedure of stereolithography is expensive.
The machines cost in excess of Rs.1.2 Crores.
They have to be vented because of the fumes
created by the solvents and polymer. The polymer
is extremely expensive and can cost up to Rs.
36,000 per gallon. However a single
stereolithographic model would cost a minimum of
Rs.5000.
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Conclusion

• Despite the relatively few disadvantages,
  stereolithography is preferred because of the
  following benefits
• The high degree of accuracy with which the models
  are obtained
• The relatively simple process
• The ability to produce objects of any shape and
  complexity
• Produces real models in 3 Dimensional structure

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Acknowledgement

• Dr. S.Shanmugam, Professor HOD,
• Dept. of Oral Medicine and Radiology
• Ragas Dental College Hospital

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Thank You