Geospatial Systems Architecture

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Geospatial Systems Architecture

• Todd Bacastow

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GIS Evolution
http//wiki.gis.com/wiki/images/8/81/FallSDS11Fig2
-1_Evolution.jpg
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GIS Users
Number of Users
Internet Viewer Component Hand-held Desktop Profes
sional
Functionality
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Market Forces

• Integrating spatial data analysis and map
  visualization into key business applications
• Moving and consolidating spatial data
• Moving client/server mapping applications to the
  web and looking to web services

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What is an architecture?

• There is no universally agreed definition
• A system architecture defines the structure
  and/or behavior of a system
• Best be thought of as a representation
• It is also a process because a sequence of steps
• It can also be a discipline

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Analogies

• Consider a community that maintains an
  infrastructure for a public service to homes and
  businesses. This infrastructure might include
• Electricity producers
• Drinking water purification and distribution
• Sewage treatment
• Other waste disposal
• Natural gas distribution
• Public transport
• Cable television and telephones
• Roads and toll ways

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Evolution (Information computation hardware
communications)
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GIS Configuration AlternativeStand alone
Information computation hardware
communications
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GIS Configuration AlternativeConnected Desktop
Information computation hardware
communications
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GIS Configuration AlternativeCentralized
Configuration Alternative
Information computation hardware
communications
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GIS Configuration AlternativeCentralized
Configuration Alternative
Information computation hardware
communications
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GIS Configuration AlternativeFederated
Information computation hardware
communications
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GIS Configuration AlternativeMobile
Information computation hardware
communications
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Internet/Web
Information computation hardware
communications
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Cloud Architecture Building Blocks
Information computation hardware
communications
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How?

• Consume and expose Web services for
• Mapping
• Metadata
• Data sharing and distribution
• Geoprocessing
• Provide standard services and components for web
  developer
• (.Net, generic XML/SOAP, or Java
  APIs)

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GIS Services Enterprise
Information computation hardware
communications
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Integration
Information computation hardware
communications
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Another view of architecture

• Enterprise
• Information
• Computational
• Engineering
• Technology

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System Architecture

• ISO Reference Model of Open Distributed
  Processing (RM-ODP)
• Enterprise Viewpoint
• It is directed to the needs of the users of an
  information system.
• Information Viewpoint
• It focuses on the information content of the
  enterprise.
• Computational Viewpoint
• It deals with the logical partitioning of the
  distributed applications independent of any
  specific distributed environment on which they
  run.
• Engineering Viewpoint
• It addresses the issues of system support
  (platform) for distributed applications.
• Technology Viewpoint
• The technology model identifies possible
  technical artifacts for the engineering
  mechanisms, computational structures, information
  structures, and enterprise structures.

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Architecture Development
.
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Steps

• Defining Architecture Requirements.
• to enable the system to meet the communitys
  goals and objectives.
• Defining a Candidate Architectures.
• to evolve an architecture gradually.
• Defining Enterprise Architecture.
• integrate it into an enterprise architecture
  model.
• Defining Reference Architecture.
• a working example designed and proven for use in
  by the participants
• Validating a Reference Architecture.

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Timing is everything