Regulators%20Indices%20on%20Power%20Quality

1
Regulators Indices on Power Quality

• DNO Argentinean common experiences are
• There are 3 quality levels fixed by the
  regulator and control stages more complexes with
  time
• Voltage continuity (sustained interruptions)
• Voltage quality (voltage level and disturbances)
• Commercial quality (meter readings, claims, etc.)
• DNO are responsible () for problems from TNO

2
Voltage Continuity (Interruptions)

• Stage 1 average indices based on nominal kVA
  from interrupted MV/LV transformers (LV level
  excluded). ENS compute easily. A global fine as
  function of ENS, returned to all customers.
• Stage 2 tracking of all interruptions (coming
  from HV, MV or LV systems) on each individual
  customer. ENS determination very complex.
  Monetary refund calculated separately for each
  customer.

3
ENS PENALTIES (VOLTAGE CONTINUITY)
CUSTOMERS ANUAL BILLING
STANDARD DEMAND PROFILE
ENERGY NOT SUPPLIED
(kWH billed in the last year)
1
AE (kWh)
0
24
ENS FOR EACH CLIENT
TO THE CLIENTS ENERGY BILL
ENS VALUE1.40 TO 2.71 /kWh
4
Voltage Quality

• Voltage Level At customer level more strict
  that EN 50160 ( 5 on underground network, 97
  of recording time (7 days)). Limits change on
  overhead and rural networks. Fine as function of
  a complex calculation of delivery energy.
• Voltage Disturbances Flicker and Harmonics
  control. Sophisticated and expensive recorders.
  Must be registered till the 40th harmonic and the
  kWh linked to each harmonic to calculate fines.

5
VOLTAGE LEVELS PENALTIES SCHEMA
7
6
5
V
Vn
- 5
- 6
- 7
I
6
VOLTAGE LEVEL PENALTIES

• PENALTY
• (/kWh)
• Max. Rate
• (0.105 /kWh)
• Min. Rate
• (0.027 /kWh)